Zandt (Denkendorf)

Zandt Municipality Denkendorf Coordinates: 48 ° 55 ′ 27 ″  N , 11 ° 29 ′ 35 ″  E
Height :	465 m
Residents :	760  (Sep 30, 2009)
Incorporation :	April 1, 1971
Postal code :	85095
Area code :	08466

Zandt is a district of the community of Denkendorf in the Upper Bavarian district of Eichstätt in Upper Bavaria .

geography

The place is located on the plateau of the southern Franconian Jura east of the community seat of Denkendorf and the federal highway 9 .

history

In Zandt are tumuli proven.

The location of the place on the Roman-Germanic border wall, the Limes, is historically significant . Remnants of it can also be seen near Zandt.

The first mention of Zandt goes back to the year 1245: During this time a noble family is said to have had its seat here. In the dispute over the Hirschberg legacy, "Zant with the castle stables (= castle place)" was awarded to the Eichstätt monastery in the Gaimersheim arbitration award in 1305 .

1306 was awarded Knight Otto von "Zant" and his son of the same court as an episcopal fief, but only as Leibgeding of which was perhaps by law darkening a permanent feud and for this a natural. In 1347 the farmstead was passed on to Ulrich von Abensberg . In the period that followed, the ownership and legal relationships in Zandt were confused. At the end of the 14th century, Heinrich Zanter held a third of the Zandt court. In 1407 the monastery rights in the village had shrunk to the Meier's farmstead. It is known from 1428 that Wilhelm Leninger sold the Hofmark to the Benedictine monastery in Plankstetten . Around 1430 Zandt belonged to the Schönbrunn Palace Estate ; the gentlemen von Zandt had also settled in Prunn (since 1875 Schönbrunn). In 1453 a Kunz Zanter zu Prunn is mentioned. In the years from 1472 to 1519 the Zandt family were feudal bearers of the Lords of Heideck .

In 1572 the Hofmark and 30 subjects were sold by the Plankstetten monastery to the princely provisions and paymaster Georg David Wegmacher in Ingolstadt , who owned the nearby Schönbrunn estate. From then on the Hofmark Zandt remained united with the Hofmark Schönbrunn; Schönbrunn and Zandt formed one of the few patrimonial courts in the region. During the Thirty Years' War , the place was sacked by the Swedes in 1632. A school in Zandt is mentioned in 1781.

In 1809, Zandt was combined with Winden and Breitenhill to form a tax district. In 1812 the Hofmark Zandt and Gut Schönbrunn were united under the new owner Baron Carl Ernst von Gravenreuth (he had acquired Zandt and Prunn from Thomas Joseph Freiherr von Pechmann) to form a local court in Prunn, which also included the then individual farms Riedberg and Ochsenweid and in 1814 was officially approved. As a result of this new formation, Zandt came from the regional court and rent office in Riedenburg to the regional court and rent office in Ingolstadt, to which Schönbrunn already belonged. On August 16, 1817, the Duke of Leuchtenberg and Prince of Eichstätt , Eugène de Beauharnais , bought the Zandt and Schönbrunn court brands from the subsequent owner, Count Clement von Leyden, in order to better indulge his great passion for hunting. In 1819 the Schönbrunn / Zandt village court was dissolved and the two communities were incorporated into the Kipfenberg rulership. In 1833, with the end of the Leuchtenberg principality, Schönbrunn and Zandt fell back to the Bavarian crown . From then on, the Kipfenberg Regional Court exercised jurisdiction. In 1841, Duke Maximilian von Leuchtenberg succeeded in restoring the Schönbrunn / Zandt Patrimonial Court. This state of affairs only lasted until 1848, when Kipfenberg was again responsible for the judiciary.

On April 1, 1971, the previously independent town was during the Bavarian municipal reform after Denkendorf incorporated.

Zandt Castle

Zandt Castle, which belonged to Knight Otto von Zandt, was located northwest of Zandt on a rocky knoll, known as the "Schloßberg" according to the land register. The moat, which could be seen on the north side, was filled in in 1973 in the course of the sewer system.

Catholic parish church St. Leonhard

Parish Church of St. Leonhard

A document from 1556 states that Zandt was cared for by the church from Dörndorf at that time; later (1602) the pastoring took place from Schelldorf. A Zandt church is mentioned for the first time in 1601; At that time it was surrounded by an iron chain, according to the church patron. This building was demolished in 1728 and rebuilt in 1729 (laying of the foundation stone). The consecration took place in 1736. In 1739 the widow of the lord of the court at the time, Maria Katharina von Remoschi (Remowsky), gave the Zandt church a cross particle . In 1777 the church tower from 1696, which had a gable roof between the stepped gables, was demolished, rebuilt in 1821 and raised by six and a half to a total of 27 meters in 1947/48; Today's conclusion is a four-sided, squat brick helmet.

St. Leonhard was a branch church of Denkendorf; since the elevation of the Expositur (approved by the Oberhirtisch on September 12, 1919; construction of the Expositurhaus 1920) to a parish on May 1, 1945, it has been a parish church for 625 Catholics (status: 2007). The last renovation took place in 2009. The church patron stands as a small wooden figure from the middle of the 15th century in a large halo in the main altar, which with its two columns and two pilasters belongs to the early Rococo around 1730. The side altars, dedicated to St. John of Nepomuk and St. Consecrated to Wendelin , originated in the Baroque around 1670; on the left there are three late Gothic wooden figures (St. Nicholas , St. Mary , a holy monk, all around 1510) of "considerable quality" (Zecherle, p. 64). The baroque Rosary Madonna on the choir arch was created around 1680. The 15-part “appealing way of the cross ” (Zecherle, p. 64) was painted in landscape format by Anton Köll (Köhl) from Kipfenberg in 1767. The baroque pulpit was added to the church around 1680, with ornamental additions in 1730. A rococo epitaph commemorates Joseph Heinrich Freiherr von Bechmann , Hofmarksherr zu Brunn and Zandt, a classicist tablet to Joseph Tobias von Bechmann, both renovated in 1981 through donations from descendants. The organ also dates from 1981, it was built into a baroque case by the Munich company WRK-Orgelbau and replaced the Bittner organ from 1908.

In 1948 four new steel bells from Bochum were placed in the elevated church tower.

In 1626, the Zandter St. Leonhard Brotherhood was founded as a religious association of shepherds. In 1952/53 the custom of the Leonhardi tour was maintained for the last time. In 1995 a newly built church kindergarten with an adjoining parish and youth center was inaugurated.

economy

In earlier years there were jug bakers in Zandt who procured their materials from the Tegel pit or the Hoffner clay pit . Some of these burned bowls and water bottles have survived to this day. It is also known that coal piles were burning in Zandt until the 19th century . Old field or street names such as Kohlbrunnen and Kohlplatte are evidence of this today. With the processing of Jurassic limestone slabs began in 1907 an industry that continues to this day; the Zandt quarry, which is owned by the Wittelsbach Compensation Fund , has not been exploited since 1967/68. Today Zandt is mostly a residential community. The most important branches of the economy are the automotive industry ( Audi AG in Ingolstadt ), craft and agriculture (eight full-time and 33 part-time businesses in 1983).

Population development

year	Residents	Share in the population of the community of Denkendorf
1800	273
1900	476
1993	719	18%
1998	764	18%
2002	833	18%
2004	792	18%
2010	766	18%
2015	888	18%
2016	915	18%
2017	925	18%

societies

• VfB Zandt with the football , volleyball and gymnastics divisions was founded in 1948. In the 2019/2020 season, the football department will be back in the B-Class Donau / Isar after several promotions and relegations . The VfB also offers younger football fans the opportunity to play football in different age groups from an early age. The association also participates in multicultural village life through a variety of events.
• Limesschützen Zandt eV was founded in 1923. The association existed until the subordination and standardization of the association life by the rulers in National Socialist Germany . After the end of the war, the Allies banned all club activities until 1950. In 1968 the shooting sport found friends again in Zandt and the re-establishment of the club was started. The Zandt theater group has been enriching the activities of the Limeschützen since 2002. Several performances of a comedy take place every year. The 1st team of the Limeschützen shoots in the Gauoberliga, the 2nd team is in the A class 3, the 3rd team in the D class 3 and the 4th team in the Denkendorf section .
• Fruit and horticultural association
• Voluntary fire brigade (new fire station built in 2000)
• Wind players
• Male choir (since 1970)
• Branch of the Catholic German Women's Association

traffic

The German Limes Cycle Route runs through the village . It follows the Upper German-Raetian Limes over 818 km from Bad Hönningen on the Rhine to Regensburg on the Danube .

The Limes hiking trail also runs through Zandt.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 456 .
2. ↑ Pigs for a good sound . In: Eichstätter Kurier from 10./11. October 2015, p. 32

literature

• Felix Mader (editor): The art monuments of Middle Franconia. II Eichstätt District Office. Munich 1928 (Reprint Munich: R. Oldenbourg Verlag 1982), pp. 364-367
• Felix Mader: History of the castle and Oberamt Hirschberg. Eichstätt: Brönner & Daentler 1940, p. 239
• A new organ for the first parish festival . In: Eichstätter Kurier of September 10, 1981
• Karl Zecherle: Churches and monasteries in the Eichstätt district . Eichstätt: District 1983, p. 64f.
• The Eichstätter area past and present. 2nd Edition. Eichstätt: Sparkasse Eichstätt 1984, p. 306f. (with bibliography)
• Traces of the Zandt Castle and relics of the Limes . In: Eichstätter Kurier of July 18, 2001, p. 23

Web links

Commons : Zandt  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Bells from St. Leonhard