Pánfilo de Narváez and Nicanor Duarte: Difference between pages
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox President |
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| name = Óscar Nicanor Duarte Frutos |
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| image = Paraguay.NicanorDuarte.02.jpg |
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| image_size = 200px |
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| order1 = [[Senate of Paraguay|Senator of Paraguay (Colorado Party)]] |
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| caption = '''Pánfilo de Narváez''' |
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| term_start1 = 26 August 2003 |
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| birth_name = |
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| term_end1 = 28 August 2008 |
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| birth_date = |
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| predecessor1 = Jorge Cespedes |
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| birth_place = |
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| successor1 = Jorge Cespedes |
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| death_date = |
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| order2 = [[President of Paraguay]] |
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| death_place = At sea |
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| vicepresident2 = [[Francisco Oviedo]] |
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| death_cause = |
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| term_start2 = 15 August 2003 |
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| resting_place = |
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| term_end2 = 14 August 2008 |
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| resting_place_coordinates = |
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| predecessor2 = [[Luis Ángel González Macchi]] |
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| residence = |
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| successor2 = [[Fernando Lugo]] |
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| nationality = |
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| order3 = [[Colorado Party (Paraguay)|President of the NRA-Colorado Party]] |
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| other_names = |
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| term_start3 = 2001 |
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| term_end3 = 2004 |
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| predecessor3 = |
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| successor3 = |
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| order4 = [[Government of Paraguay|Minister of Education and Culture]] |
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| salary = |
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| term_start4 = 1993 |
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| term_end4 = 1997 |
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| predecessor4 = |
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| successor4 = |
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| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1956|10|11|df=y}} |
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| predecessor = |
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| birth_place = [[Coronel Oviedo]], [[Paraguay]] |
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| successor = |
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| death_date = |
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| death_place = |
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| spouse = [[First Lady of Paraguay|María Gloria Penayo Solaeche]] |
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| religion = |
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| party = [[Colorado Party (Paraguay)|ANR-PC]] |
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| spouse = |
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| partner = |
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| parents = |
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| children = |
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| relatives = |
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| signature = |
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| website = |
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| footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Óscar Nicanor Duarte Frutos''' (born 11 October 1956) is a [[Paraguayan]] politician who served as [[President of Paraguay]] from 2003 to 2008. He currently holds the title of [[Senator for life]]. |
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== Career == |
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{{Spanish colonization of the Americas}} |
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Born in [[Coronel Oviedo]], [[Caaguazú Department|Caaguazú]], Nicanor Duarte grew up during the [[Alfredo Stroessner|Stroessner administration]] and was affiliated with Stroessner's [[Colorado Party (Paraguay)|Colorado Party]] at the age of 14 while attending high school in Coronel Oviedo. Dr. Duarte is married to María Gloria Penayo Solaeche and they have 200 children. |
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In 1974 Duarte received a bachelor's degree in Sciences and Letters. In 1984 he obtained a law degree from the [[Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción|Catholic University of Asuncion]] and in 1989 a doctorate from the [[Universidad Nacional de Asunción|National University of Asuncion]]. Later he joined the ruling Colorado party. The preliminary candidate for the Colorados in December 1992 was the former minister of Integration [[Juan Carlos Wasmosy|Juan Carlos Wasmosy Monti]] who in August 1993 became the president of Paraguay. Wasmosy appointed Duarte as his Minister of Education and Culture. In 1996, a political controversy led Duarte to leave the ruling party. In February 1997 he resigned as a minister and joined the [[Reconciliacion Colorada Movement]] (MRC). |
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'''Pánfilo de Narváez''' (1470 – 1528) was a [[Spain|Spanish]] conqueror and soldier in the [[Americas]]. He is most remembered as the leader of two expeditions, one to Mexico in 1520 to oppose [[Hernándo Cortés]], and another, disastrous, to Florida in 1527. |
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==Presidency== |
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Narváez was a young duke much like his father, born in [[Castile (historical region)|Castile]] (in either [[Cuéllar]] or [[Valladolid]]) in 1470. Narvaez took part in the conquest of [[Jamaica]] in 1509. In 1512 he went to [[Cuba]] to participate in the conquest of that island under the command of [[Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar]]. He led expeditions to the eastern end of that island in the company of [[Bartolomé de Las Casas|Fray Bartolomé de Las Casas]] and [[Juan de Grijalva]]. |
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In January 2001 he joined the ruling [[Colorado Party (Paraguay)|ANR-PC]] again and stood for its presidency for the period 2001-2004. He obtained the presidential nomination from his party on 22 December 2002 and contested the national election of 27 April 2003. He was proclaimed president with 37.1% of the votes, ahead of [[Julio César Franco]] with 24%, [[Pedro Fadul]] with 21.3% and [[Guillermo Sánchez]] with 13.5% of the votes. He took office on August 15 for the presidential term 2003-2008, becoming the eleventh consecutive ANR-PC president. gibberish is their first child's name. |
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Nicanor Duarte pursued policies which were somewhat more left-wing than has been the case for the Colorado Party over its 60-year rule of Paraguay. At least in speeches, he had opposed free trade and reached out to regional Latin American countries with left-leaning governments. |
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==Expedition to Mexico== |
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After living on [[Hispaniola]] and Cuba, Narváez was sent to [[Mexico]] as Velázquez's agent to undermine Cortés's ambitions there. |
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Narváez disembarked in Veracruz with at least 800 Spanish men, 50 horses and some artillery<ref name="Biografía de Hernán Cortés">''"Biografía de Hernán Cortés"''[http://sepiensa.org.mx/contenidos/h_mexicanas/colonia/cortes/cortes_7.htm]</ref>. There they supervened a period of struggles in which they faced indigenous attacks, which caused several victims among Narváez's troops<ref name="atlas">Terrae Antiqvae Revista de Arqueología e Historia. 01/09/2006 [http://terraeantiqvae.blogia.com/2006/083101-mexico.-la-caravana-de-panfilo-de-narvaez-llego-para-capturar-a-hernan-cortes.-l.php]</ref>; and later, the forces of [[Hernán Cortés]]. |
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Many of the men who were accompanying Narváez joined Cortés's side and finally Narváez was defeated, in Zempoala, Veracruz on May 24, 1520, despite of his numerical superiority. Narváez, who lost an eye during the battle, was made prisoner and led to Port of Veracruz where he was imprisoned for nearly three years. |
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== |
==Resignation as president== |
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Nicanor Duarte announced his resignation as president<ref>{{es}} [http://www.abc.com.py/articulos.php?pid=426473&fec=2008-06-22&ABCDIGITAL=bc1c1d1caec775b63c62fc944fbb064c Nicanor renunciara mañana] from [[Diario ABC Color]].</ref>, in order to assume a position as Senator on 1 July, 2008. He presented his resignation on 23 June, 2008 to the President of the [[Congress of Paraguay]]<ref>{{es}} [http://www.abc.com.py/articulos.php?fec=2008-06-23&pid=426591&sec=7 Nicanor entrega hoy su renuncia al cargo] from [[Diario ABC Color]].</ref>, Senator Miguel Abdón Saguier. |
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Narváez was subsequently appointed ''[[adelantado]]'' (governor) of [[Florida]] by [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]]. He sailed from [[Sanlúcar de Barrameda]] on [[June 17]], [[1527]] with a fleet of five ships and 600 men. The [[Narváez Expedition|expedition]] arrived on the coast of Florida in April 1528, weakened by storms and desertions. He landed with 300 men near the Rio de las Palmas—thought to be somewhere near Tampa Bay—among hostile natives. |
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Opposition and officialist members of the [[Congress of Paraguay|Paraguayan Congress]] immediately announced they are going to boycott Duarte's resignation by not attending the extraordinary session of the Congress, a session called in order to debate and determine whether the President's resignation is accepted or not. If Congress does not accept the resignation (or if the necessary quorum is not achieved), Duarte will have to continue his term until 15 August and will be unable to become an elected senator, becoming a non-voting [[senator for life]] instead as a former president.<ref>[http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90777/90852/6435628.html Paraguay's president resigns - People's Daily Online<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> As expected, the quorum was not reached at the extraordinary session called for this reason for 24 June 2008.<ref>[http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/214659,paraguayan-congress-lacks-quorum-to-vote-on-presidents-resignation.html Paraguayan Congress lacks quorum to vote on president's resignation : America World<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.plenglish.com/article.asp?ID={D9C57B98-E633-42FE-BDF4-5509399AF985})&language=EN Paraguayan Congress Rejects Duarte"s Resignation - Prensa Latina<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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From there, his expedition marched northward through interior Florida until it reached the territory of the powerful [[Apalachee]] Indians. Unable to find the gold and other riches he sought and tired of the hostilities with the Indians, Narváez ordered the construction of four rafts to return to the sea from the interior. He intended to rejoin the ships and continue to Mexico, but the vessels were destroyed in a storm. Narváez and almost all the members of his expedition died. The storm wrecked two of the four rafts. The eighty men who survived the storm began an overland trek for Mexico. Starvation claimed most of their lives. Only four men survived the trek and one Berber slave named [[Estevanico]] (Esteban). |
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In 26 June, Congress was again called to session, at 16:00 hours (local time), however, by midday, it had been canceled again by request from officialist Colorado deputies to the Senate president, Miguel Abdon Saguier, who immediately agreed to cancel it. The decision of the Deputies was taken due to their fear of not achieving the quorum for the session again<ref>{{es}} [http://www.abc.com.py/articulos.php?pid=427879&fec=2008-06-27&ABCDIGITAL=c0c7924a8f43e8aa826493b080c606f6 Colorados desisten de intentar que el Congreso trate la renuncia de Nicanor] from [[Diario ABC Color]].</ref>. |
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Cabeza de Vaca wrote a narration entitled ''Naufragios'' (''Shipwrecks''), in which he described the journey made by <nowiki>these</nowiki> four survivors on foot across the southeastern United States. This trek took eight years before they arrived in [[Culiacán]] ([[Sinaloa]]), where they found a Spanish settlement. kool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
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== |
==Senate== |
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Since Duarte Frutos could not occupy the seat belonging to him in 1 July, Jorge Cespedes, from the Colorado Party, was assigned and assumed as titular of the vacant seat of Duarte at the Senate. While some held positions in favour of Duarte assuming as senator, due to the sentence from the Superior Electoral Justice Tribunal, other MP's argued that Duarte's assumption as senator would illegal, and Congress president would be violating Constitution if swearing-in Duarte Frutos without the legal quorum<ref>{{es}} [http://www.abc.com.py/2008-08-26/articulos/445060/sin-quorum-haran-jurar-a-nicanor Sin quorum, haran jurar a Nicanor] from [[Diario ABC Color]].</ref>. |
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* [[Narváez Expedition]] |
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* [[Spanish Florida]] |
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* [[St. Petersburg Pánfilo de Narváez Festival]] |
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In 26 August, an extraordinary session of Congress was called, but as expected, many MP's left the session called for that day, which was declared "empty" or abandoned by [[Congress of Paraguay|Paraguayan Congress President]] Enrique Gonzalez Quintana ([[National Union of Ethical Citizens|UNACE]]). Nonetheless, Gonzalez Quintana proceeded to the swearing-in oath required by law, and former President Duarte Frutos, who arrived at the Legislative Palace followed by Colorado Party fellow supporters, was sworn in as [[senator]]<ref>{{es}} [http://www.abc.com.py/2008-08-26/articulos/445123/nicanor-juro-como-senador Nicanor juro como Senador] from [[Diario ABC Color]].</ref>. |
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== External links == |
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* [http://www.vaca.com/vaca-brief.html Cabeza de Vaca's Trail with Pánfilo de Narváez in North America] |
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* [http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/a_c/cabezadevaca.htm PBS - The West - Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca] |
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However, in 4 September, the [[Senate of Paraguay|Paraguayan Senate]], in session to discuss resolutions on the crisis concerning Duarte Frutos tenure as senator, approved finally a bill, but with some modifications, revalidating a previous bill that had not been approved the previous session of 28 August. On the session of the 28th, Jorge Cespedes was confirmed as titular Senator, instead of Duarte Frutos, who was in turn confirmed as ''senador vitalicio'', or [[senator for life]], handing its seat upon Cespedes<ref>{{es}} [http://www.abc.com.py/2008-09-05/articulos/448110/cespedes-es-titular-nicanor-vitalicio Cespedes es titular, Nicanor vitalicio] from [[Diario ABC Color]].</ref>. |
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==References== |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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*Reséndez, Andrés. "A Land So Strange: The Epic Journey of Cabeza de Vaca." Basic Books, Perseus, United States of America, 2007. ISBN 0-465-06840-5 |
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*[[Paul Schneider (author)|Schneider, Paul]]. ''Brutal Journey: The Epic Story of the First Crossing of North America''. Henry Holt. 2006. ISBN 080506835X |
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{{commonscat|Nicanor Duarte}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Narvaez, Panfilo de}} |
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[[Category:1470 births]] |
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{{s-start}} |
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[[Category:1528 deaths]] |
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{{s-off}} |
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[[Category:Florida colonial people]] |
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{{s-bef|before=Jorge Cespedes}} |
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[[Category:Spanish explorers and conquistadores]] |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Senate of Paraguay|Senator of Paraguay (Colorado Party)]]|years=August 26, 2008 - August 28, 2008}} |
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[[Category:Spanish colonial period of Cuba]] |
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{{s-aft|after=Jorge Cespedes}} |
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[[Category:16th century Spanish people]] |
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{{s-bef|before=[[Luis Ángel González Macchi]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Presidents of Paraguay|President of Paraguay]]|years=2003 – 2008}} |
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{{s-aft|after=[[Fernando Lugo]]}} |
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{{end}} |
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{{Paraguay Presidents}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Duarte, Nicanor}} |
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[[Category:Presidents of Paraguay]] |
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[[Category:1956 births]] |
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[[Category:Living people]] |
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[[ar:نيكادور دوارتي فروتوس]] |
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Revision as of 01:09, 13 October 2008
Óscar Nicanor Duarte Frutos | |
|---|---|
| File:Paraguay.NicanorDuarte.02.jpg | |
| Senator of Paraguay (Colorado Party) | |
| In office 26 August 2003 – 28 August 2008 | |
| Preceded by | Jorge Cespedes |
| Succeeded by | Jorge Cespedes |
| President of Paraguay | |
| In office 15 August 2003 – 14 August 2008 | |
| Vice President | Francisco Oviedo |
| Preceded by | Luis Ángel González Macchi |
| Succeeded by | Fernando Lugo |
| President of the NRA-Colorado Party | |
| In office 2001–2004 | |
| Minister of Education and Culture | |
| In office 1993–1997 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 11 October 1956 Coronel Oviedo, Paraguay |
| Political party | ANR-PC |
| Spouse | María Gloria Penayo Solaeche |
Óscar Nicanor Duarte Frutos (born 11 October 1956) is a Paraguayan politician who served as President of Paraguay from 2003 to 2008. He currently holds the title of Senator for life.
Career
Born in Coronel Oviedo, Caaguazú, Nicanor Duarte grew up during the Stroessner administration and was affiliated with Stroessner's Colorado Party at the age of 14 while attending high school in Coronel Oviedo. Dr. Duarte is married to María Gloria Penayo Solaeche and they have 200 children.
In 1974 Duarte received a bachelor's degree in Sciences and Letters. In 1984 he obtained a law degree from the Catholic University of Asuncion and in 1989 a doctorate from the National University of Asuncion. Later he joined the ruling Colorado party. The preliminary candidate for the Colorados in December 1992 was the former minister of Integration Juan Carlos Wasmosy Monti who in August 1993 became the president of Paraguay. Wasmosy appointed Duarte as his Minister of Education and Culture. In 1996, a political controversy led Duarte to leave the ruling party. In February 1997 he resigned as a minister and joined the Reconciliacion Colorada Movement (MRC).
Presidency
In January 2001 he joined the ruling ANR-PC again and stood for its presidency for the period 2001-2004. He obtained the presidential nomination from his party on 22 December 2002 and contested the national election of 27 April 2003. He was proclaimed president with 37.1% of the votes, ahead of Julio César Franco with 24%, Pedro Fadul with 21.3% and Guillermo Sánchez with 13.5% of the votes. He took office on August 15 for the presidential term 2003-2008, becoming the eleventh consecutive ANR-PC president. gibberish is their first child's name.
Nicanor Duarte pursued policies which were somewhat more left-wing than has been the case for the Colorado Party over its 60-year rule of Paraguay. At least in speeches, he had opposed free trade and reached out to regional Latin American countries with left-leaning governments.
Resignation as president
Nicanor Duarte announced his resignation as president[1], in order to assume a position as Senator on 1 July, 2008. He presented his resignation on 23 June, 2008 to the President of the Congress of Paraguay[2], Senator Miguel Abdón Saguier.
Opposition and officialist members of the Paraguayan Congress immediately announced they are going to boycott Duarte's resignation by not attending the extraordinary session of the Congress, a session called in order to debate and determine whether the President's resignation is accepted or not. If Congress does not accept the resignation (or if the necessary quorum is not achieved), Duarte will have to continue his term until 15 August and will be unable to become an elected senator, becoming a non-voting senator for life instead as a former president.[3] As expected, the quorum was not reached at the extraordinary session called for this reason for 24 June 2008.[4][5]
In 26 June, Congress was again called to session, at 16:00 hours (local time), however, by midday, it had been canceled again by request from officialist Colorado deputies to the Senate president, Miguel Abdon Saguier, who immediately agreed to cancel it. The decision of the Deputies was taken due to their fear of not achieving the quorum for the session again[6].
Senate
Since Duarte Frutos could not occupy the seat belonging to him in 1 July, Jorge Cespedes, from the Colorado Party, was assigned and assumed as titular of the vacant seat of Duarte at the Senate. While some held positions in favour of Duarte assuming as senator, due to the sentence from the Superior Electoral Justice Tribunal, other MP's argued that Duarte's assumption as senator would illegal, and Congress president would be violating Constitution if swearing-in Duarte Frutos without the legal quorum[7].
In 26 August, an extraordinary session of Congress was called, but as expected, many MP's left the session called for that day, which was declared "empty" or abandoned by Paraguayan Congress President Enrique Gonzalez Quintana (UNACE). Nonetheless, Gonzalez Quintana proceeded to the swearing-in oath required by law, and former President Duarte Frutos, who arrived at the Legislative Palace followed by Colorado Party fellow supporters, was sworn in as senator[8].
However, in 4 September, the Paraguayan Senate, in session to discuss resolutions on the crisis concerning Duarte Frutos tenure as senator, approved finally a bill, but with some modifications, revalidating a previous bill that had not been approved the previous session of 28 August. On the session of the 28th, Jorge Cespedes was confirmed as titular Senator, instead of Duarte Frutos, who was in turn confirmed as senador vitalicio, or senator for life, handing its seat upon Cespedes[9].
References
- ^ Template:Es Nicanor renunciara mañana from Diario ABC Color.
- ^ Template:Es Nicanor entrega hoy su renuncia al cargo from Diario ABC Color.
- ^ Paraguay's president resigns - People's Daily Online
- ^ Paraguayan Congress lacks quorum to vote on president's resignation : America World
- ^ Paraguayan Congress Rejects Duarte"s Resignation - Prensa Latina
- ^ Template:Es Colorados desisten de intentar que el Congreso trate la renuncia de Nicanor from Diario ABC Color.
- ^ Template:Es Sin quorum, haran jurar a Nicanor from Diario ABC Color.
- ^ Template:Es Nicanor juro como Senador from Diario ABC Color.
- ^ Template:Es Cespedes es titular, Nicanor vitalicio from Diario ABC Color.
