Section fortification Brandiger Knock

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Section fortification Brandiger Knock
Creation time : Early medieval
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Disappeared, rampart and ditch preserved
Place: Memmelsdorf - Kremmeldorf - "Brandinger Knock"
Geographical location 49 ° 55 '38.6 "  N , 11 ° 1' 7.2"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 55 '38.6 "  N , 11 ° 1' 7.2"  E
Height: 427.9  m above sea level NN
Section fortification Brandiger Knock (Bavaria)
Section fortification Brandiger Knock

The section fortification Brandiger Knock is an abandoned early medieval fortification in Kremmeldorf , a district of the municipality of Memmelsdorf in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg ( Bavaria ).

It is located on the Brandinger Knock mountain spur, which gives it its name, about 1250 meters south-southeast of the Catholic chapel of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Kremmeldorf. No historical or archaeological information is known about the section fortification. It is dated as early history or rather as early medieval or Carolingian - Ottonian , there are no known findings from the fortification. Only a section wall with a ditch has survived from the complex; the site is protected as a ground monument number D-4-6032-0062 “early medieval section fortification”.

description

The fortification is located at 427.9  m above sea level. NN altitude and thus around 75 meters above the valley floor of the Ellernbach on a mountain spur of the Stammberg that  extends far to the west. The spur crest, facing west-north-west, drops very steeply on three sides into the surrounding valleys and was thus naturally well protected. Only the east side of the spur is gently sloping into a saddle that becomes about 50 meters narrower, which is connected to the Schammelsberg, a foothill of the Stammberg, via a ridge-like ridge.

The spur crest is sealed off 160 meters east of the tip by an 80 meter long, two meter high and six meter wide section wall. In front of this wall, which extends from the north-northeast to the south-southwest and is slightly curved outwards, there is a ditch as an additional obstacle to the approach. From the outside it is up to 0.8 meters deep and eight meters wide, the jump height, i.e. the height difference between the ridge and the bottom of the trench, is up to 2.5 meters. Wall and ditch each end at the slope edge.

The roughly triangular inner surface fortified by this section wall was 120 meters long and up to 70 meters wide. It was secured on the long sides by artificially steep slope edges, which connect to the section wall in the northeast at a right angle, in the southeast the wall pulls inwards at an obtuse angle and also merges there into the edge fortifications. The edge fastening is not raised towards the inside and has a clearly formed foot. In the south-western area this fortification is disturbed by recent material extraction. Several excavation cuts can be seen in this edge fortification, but nothing is known about these excavations , and there are no traces of masonry there. The earlier access to the facility cannot be reliably located, the breakthrough through the section wall with the backfilling of the outer trench in the northern and central area is recent. The gate system may have been in the disturbed south-western area of ​​the perimeter fortifications.

literature

  • Ingrid Burger-Segl: Archaeological Forays in Meranierland am Obermain - A guide to archaeological and monuments of the early and high Middle Ages . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. District of Upper Franconia, Bayreuth 2006, ISBN 3-9804971-7-8 , pp. 63–65.
  • Björn-Uwe Abels : Guide to archaeological monuments in Bavaria, Franconia Volume 2: Archaeological Guide Upper Franconia . Konrad Theiss Verlag , Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-8062-0373-3 , p. 163.
  • Klaus Schwarz: The prehistoric and early historical monuments in Upper Franconia . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 5). Verlag Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1955, pp. 53–54.

Individual evidence

  1. Klaus Schwarz: The prehistoric and early historical land monuments of Upper Franconia , p. 54
  2. ^ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  3. Björn-Uwe Abels: Guide to archaeological monuments in Bavaria, Franconia Volume 2: Archaeological Guide Upper Franconia , p. 163
  4. List of monuments for Memmelsdorf (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 140 kB)
  5. Location of the fortifications in the Bavarian Monument Atlas
  6. Source description: Björn-Uwe Abels: Guide to archaeological monuments in Bavaria, Franconia Volume 2: Archaeological Guide Upper Franconia , p. 163 f and Klaus Schwarz: The prehistoric and early historical terrain monuments of Upper Franconia , p. 53 f