Burgstall Heroldstein

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Burgstall Heroldstein
Burgstall Heroldstein Hohenpölz (03) .jpg
Creation time : probably in the 11th or 12th century
Castle type : Höhenburg, valley edge location
Conservation status: Burgstall
Place: Heiligenstadt in Upper Franconia - Hohenpölz - "Heroldstein"
Geographical location 49 ° 54 '2.5 "  N , 11 ° 8' 27"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 54 '2.5 "  N , 11 ° 8' 27"  E
Height: 505  m above sea level NN
Burgstall Heroldstein (Bavaria)
Burgstall Heroldstein

Probably the High Middle Postal Herold stone is the residue of a dialed hilltop castle that once located on a rocky reef on the edge of the dry valley of Leinleiter rose. The Burgstall is located south of the church village Hohenpölz in the municipality of Heiligenstadt in Upper Franconia in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg in Bavaria , Germany . The castle is completely gone, very few remains testify to it; the castle rock serves as a lookout point .

Geographical location

The site of the former castle lies in the north-western area of Franconian Switzerland , part of the Frankenjura low mountain range , on the top of the Heroldstein of the same name at 505  m above sea level. NN height. It is located about 990 meters south-southwest of the Catholic branch church Sankt Laurentius in Hohenpölz or about 18 kilometers east of Bamberg .

Nearby there are other former medieval castles, to the south the Schwedenschanze , an early medieval fortification via Oberleinleiter , the Rothenstein castle stable on the 583.1 meter high Altenberg and a tower hill, the rest of the tower hill Zoggendorf , near Zoggendorf . The Hoher Stein castle stables and Greifenstein Castle are located in a south-easterly direction; to the south-west are two castle stables on the Seigelstein and on the 540.3 meter high Harz stone.

History of the castle

Very little is known about the history of the former castle on the Heroldstein. Her name was only mentioned once in a site description from November 25, 1356, when Walter von Streitberg, then Vogt von Königsfeld , mediated a dispute between the abbess Elisabeth of the St. Theodor monastery in Bamberg and the village of Hohenpölz: “... about the conductors and Gmain there under the Herolczstein ”. However, a more detailed designation such as fortress or house was missing, so that Heroldstein Castle no longer existed at that time.

The name of the castle Heroldstein is derived from the personal name Herold and stone for castle, which means the herald's castle . The Nuremberg castle researcher Hellmut Kunstmann has proven that castles with the composition of personal names and stone in the Franconian region go back to a great age. Examples include Gößweinstein Castle, which was mentioned for the first time in 1076, Hiltpoltstein Castle , first mentioned in 1109, the former Gernotenstein Castle near Michelfeld, which was mentioned in the Michelfeld Monastery deed of foundation in 1119, and Pottenstein Castle , which was probably between 1057 and Was founded in 1070. Heroldstein Castle could have been built during the 11th or 12th century.

A member of a noble family by the name of Herold was probably the founder of the castle, which family he came from is unclear. The noble lords of Aufseß used the name Herold several times, around 1114 with Herold II and 1137 with Herold III, so that they might be considered as builders of the castle.

The function of the castle could have been to monitor a very close crossing of two old streets . The old elevated road ran east of Heroldstein Castle from the Wiesent valley near Streitberg Castle via Veilbronn and Heiligenstadt in Upper Franconia and via Hohenpölz to Königsfeld, the second road stretched north of the castle and led from Zeegendorf , Teuchatz and Tiefenpölz via Hohenpölz and beyond Via Neuhaus im Aufsessal to Hollfeld . Heroldstein Castle was also located on the territory of the Bamberg diocese in the border area to the domain of the Schluesselberger , so that the castle was possibly also built to secure the border.

The site of the former castle is overgrown with grass and bushes, of which only the moat and some overgrown remains of the foundation wall remain. The freely accessible Burgstall serves as a lookout rock and can be reached via a hiking trail from Hohenpölz to the Heroldsmühle that runs past the Burgstall .

The ground monument registered by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments as "Medieval Castle Stables" bears the monument number D-4-6032-0103.

literature

  • Hellmut Kunstmann : The castles of north-western and northern Franconian Switzerland . Reprint from 1972, Kommissionsverlag Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 2000, pp. 1-3.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Topographic map 1: 25000, sheet 6233 Ebermannstadt
  2. ^ The Burgstall on the website of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  3. ^ The Burgstall on the website of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  4. ^ The Burgstall on the website of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  5. ^ The Burgstall on the website of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  6. ^ The Burgstall on the website of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  7. ↑ On castle names see: Hellmut Kunstmann, Mensch und Burg, p. 18ff
  8. ↑ Source history: Hellmut Kunstmann: The castles of north-western and northern Franconian Switzerland , p. 1ff
  9. ^ The Burgstall on the website of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation