Obersenftenberg tower hill

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Obersenftenberg tower hill
Burgstall Obersenftenberg - View of the Burgberg from the southeast (September 2013)

Burgstall Obersenftenberg - View of the Burgberg from the southeast (September 2013)

Alternative name (s): Senftenberg Castle, the old tower
Creation time : 12th Century
Castle type : Hill castle, moth
Conservation status: Castle stable, tower hill, moat and two ring walls have been preserved
Standing position : Noble Free
Place: Buttenheim - Senftenberg
Geographical location 49 ° 49 '14.4 "  N , 11 ° 4' 24.1"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 49 '14.4 "  N , 11 ° 4' 24.1"  E
Height: 429.4  m above sea level NN
Obersenftenberg tower hill (Bavaria)
Obersenftenberg tower hill

The tower hill top Senftenberg , also called "the old tower", the rest of the dialed later called Castle Senftenberg, Upper Senftenberg. The hilltop castle built as a tower hill castle (Motte) is located on the Senftenberg in today's Senftenberg district of the municipality of Buttenheim in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg in Bavaria . The castle was, next to the Niedersenftenberg castle, the older of the two facilities in the village. Only the tower hill, a moat and two ring walls are preserved. The castle site is now protected as a ground monument number D-4-6132-0094: Late medieval tower hill .

history

The complex was probably built during the 12th century and later, when the Niedersenftenberg Castle was built in the second half of the 13th century, it was called Obersenftenberg Castle. The Senftenberg office and with it the castle were owned by the Bamberg bishop. He pledged them to the noble free von Schlüsselberg because of the aid they had given during the War of the Meran Succession . In a dispute over sovereign customs and escort rights in the Wiesenttal, the Nuremberg burgraves , the Bamberg monastery and the Würzburg monastery took military action against the Schlüsselbergs. When Konrad II von Schlüsselberg died as the last of his line during the siege of Neideck Castle in 1347, Obersenftenberg Castle, among other things, fell to the Bamberg Monastery. The Würzburg bishop also owned half of the castle, but in 1363 it also came to the Bamberg bishop.

After 1383 the castle was no longer mentioned, at that time it was probably in a poor structural condition, so it was abandoned at that time. It also fits that, apart from fragments of roof tiles and mortar residues, only ceramics from the 14th century were found.

description

The small two-part castle stable is located on an east-facing 429.4  m above sea level. NN high mountain spur, which is only connected to the west by a saddle with the rest of the mountain. This end of the spur was cut into a seven meter high tower hill. The oval and elongated hill is on its two-part surface surrounded on all sides by a not very high ring wall, the two plateaus on the surface had the dimensions 19 × 33 meters in the west and 9 × 12 meters in the east and are separated from each other by a wall. On the western plateau there are two pits, probably cellar pits of former buildings. The access was possibly on the south-east side, there a ramp leads up on the tower hill, the edge wall is also interrupted on this side.

As an additional obstacle to the approach, a ten-meter-wide neck trench was dug in the saddle immediately west of the tower hill . This runs roughly in a straight line from the northern edge of the slope, where a clear overburden hill can also be seen, to the southern edge. The trench has now been leveled about halfway and only survived on the slope edges. The three remaining sides were protected by a ring wall with an inner ditch , this is mainly only preserved on the northern side of the mountain, on the east and south side it consists only of small remains.

literature

  • Rainer Hoffmann (edit.): Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany, Volume 20: Franconian Switzerland . Konrad Theiss Verlag , Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8062-0586-8 , pp. 166-167.
  • Gustav Voit, Walter Rüfer: A castle tour through Franconian Switzerland - In the footsteps of the draftsman AF Thomas Ostertag . 2nd edition, Verlag Palm & Enke, Erlangen 1991, ISBN 3-7896-0064-4 , pp. 170-175.
  • Klaus Schwarz: The prehistoric and early historical monuments in Upper Franconia . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 5). Verlag Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1955, p. 50.

References and comments

  1. ↑ List of monuments for Buttenheim (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 139 kB)
  2. ↑ This in contrast to the story
  3. ^ Source history: Gustav Voit, Walter Rüfer: A journey through castles through Franconian Switzerland - In the footsteps of the draftsman AF Thomas Ostertag , p. 174 f.
  4. ^ Location of the Burgstall in the Bavaria Atlas
  5. ↑ Source description: Rainer Hoffmann (arrangement): Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany, Volume 20: Fränkische Schweiz , p. 166