Hauterive Monastery
| Hauterive Monastery | |
|---|---|
 Hauterive Abbey |
|
| location |
 Switzerland
|
| Lies in the diocese | Lausanne, Geneva and Friborg |
| Coordinates: | 46 ° 45 '51 " N , 7 ° 7' 5" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
123 |
| founding year | 1132-1137; traditional 1138 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1848 |
| Year of repopulation | 1939 |
| Mother monastery | Cherlieu |
| Primary Abbey | Clairvaux |
| Congregation | Mehrerauer Congregation |
|
Daughter monasteries |
Kappel Monastery (1185) |
The Hauterive Monastery (Latin Abbatia BMV de Altaripa ; German Altenryf Abbey ; French Abbaye d'Hauterive ) is a Cistercian abbey in the canton of Friborg , Switzerland . It belonged to the municipality of Posieux until 2000 and is part of the municipality of Hauterive (FR) in the Saane district ( French District de la Sarine ) after the municipality merger on January 1, 2001 . The German name of the monastery, which is still used especially in chronicles and in historical context, is Altenryf . The monastery belongs to the Mehrerau congregation .
Geographical location
The abbey is 579 m above sea level. M. in a flat bend in the river Saane , 5.5 km southwest of the canton capital Freiburg (linear distance). In the Hauterive area, the Saane has a flat valley floor around 300 m wide. It is cut deep into the molasse layers in the area, which is why the up to 100 m high steep slopes are partially crossed by sandstone cliffs.
history
The origin of the Hauterive Monastery goes back to the rule of the Lords of Glâne, who were powerful in the region in the 11th and 12th centuries. The Baron Wilhelm von Glâne founded shortly before the expiry of the sex of the Glâne from 1132 to 1137, the monastery and endowed it with landed property. In doing so, he prevented his territory from falling to the Zähringer in Freiburg.
On February 25, 1138, the monastery was consecrated as Abbatia Sancte Marie de Altaripa in the presence of the Bishop of Lausanne and confirmed by Pope Innocent II in a bull in 1142 . The mother monastery of Hauterive was Cherlieu monastery in France, daughter monastery Kappel am Albis ( Canton Zurich ). From 1157 Hauterive was under the protection of the Zähringer. Thanks to donations from noble families in the region, from the Bishop of Lausanne and also from the Dukes of Zähringen, the Hauterive Monastery quickly acquired numerous properties in the near and far region. Hauterive had land ownership and tithe rights in many villages from the Dreiseenland to the Alps, and some vineyards on Lake Geneva also belonged to the abbey. The monastery flourished in the 13th and 14th centuries.
The patronage of the monastery was held by the Counts of Neuchâtel from 1218, and from 1299 at the latest by the Counts of Aarberg. In 1341 a castle rights contract was signed with the city of Freiburg. The first looting in 1387 during the Sempach War marked the end of the heyday. The monastery was also affected in the war against Savoy in 1448. From 1452 on, the Abbey of Hauterive was finally under the sovereignty of Freiburg.
Under the rule of Freiburg, the monastery was reorganized in the 16th century. Since 1618 it was a member of the Upper German Cistercian Congregation. The actual decline began in 1798 after the collapse of the Ancien Régime and the loss of numerous monastery properties. In 1848 the abbey was dissolved by the cantonal authorities and subsequently converted into a teachers' college. The lay brother Joseph Horner died as the last survivor in 1893. In 1939 monks from the Wettingen-Mehrerau monastery settled in Bregenz again and in 1973 they re-established an abbey, which in 2003 comprised eight priests and 16 brothers.
For the neighboring communities, the monastery developed into an economic factor that favored numerous handicrafts, for example , it may have initially contributed to the establishment of the Marly paper mill . Thanks to the scriptorium, Hauterive Abbey gained importance far beyond the region in the 12th century. The monastery library was looted by the Bernese in 1387 and devastated by fire in 1578. Nevertheless, Hauterive has one of the largest collections of manuscripts in the monasteries in western Switzerland. Most of them are now kept in the cantonal and university libraries of Friborg.
Attractions
The Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption monastery church was built between 1150 and 1160 and is an excellent example of early Cistercian architecture in the spirit of Bernard of Clairvaux . The three-aisled Romanesque church has a transept and a rectangular choir. Instead of a church tower, only a small roof turret was placed on the ridge , which was later changed several times.
Gothic style elements were also added through renovations in the 14th century . The abbot Petrus Dives had the choir rebuilt between 1320 and 1330 and fitted with colored church windows. Here is the tomb of Ulrich von Treyvaux from the 14th century. The main altar and the important choir stalls from 1472–1486 are also kept in the Gothic style. The Romanesque cloister to the south of the church has been preserved on three sides and dates from the 12th to 14th centuries.
In the 18th century, the monastery buildings were completely rebuilt according to an overall plan by the Vorarlberg architect Franz Beer .
Above the abbey are the former Saint-Loup chapel , which has now been converted into a residential building, and the former monastery hostel, which was built in 1732.
Abbots
- Etienne (?), 1139
- Girard, around 1142–1157
- Wilhelm I, around 1157/1162
- Astralabius , after 1162
- Wilhelm II., Around 1172–1174
- Hugo I. from Corbières, 1181-1192
- Ulrich von Matran, after 1192–1196
- Wilhelm II. de la Roche, 1190 (?), 1196-1200
- Johann von Releport, 1201–1228
- Hugo II von Jegenstorf, 1230-1233
- [...]
- Guido von Farvagny, 1268-1295
- Peter Rych , 1320-1328
- Peter von Affry, 1404-1449
- Jean Philibert, 1472-1488
- Guillaume Moënnat, 1616-1640
- Antoine de Reynold 1700-1703
- Clement Morat 1703-1715
- Henri de Fivaz, 1715-1742
- Constantin de Maillardoz 1742–1754
- Emmanuel Thumbé 1754-1761
- Bernhard Emanuel von Lenzburg , 1761–1795
- Robert Gendre 1795-1812
- Jean-Joseph Girard 1812-1831
- Aloys Dosson 1831-1849
-
Dissolution of the monastery
- Sighard Kleiner , Prior 1939–1950
- Bernhard Kaul , 1950–1973 Prior, since 1959 titular abbot (von Cherlieu), 1973–1994 abbot
- Mauro-Giuseppe Lepori , 1994-2010
- Marcus Guilhem de Pothuau , since September 14, 2010
literature
- Ernst Tremp (Ed.): Liber Donationum Altaeripae. Cartulaire de l'Abbaye Cistercienne d'Hauterive (XIIe – XIIIe Siècles). Société d'histoire de la Suisse romande, Lausanne 1984 ( Mémoires et documents. Série 3, 15, ZDB -ID 427656-5 ).
- Roland Pasquier, Hervée Pasquier: 10 years in the monastery. CLV - Christian Literature Distribution u. a., Bielefeld u. a. 2002, ISBN 3-89397-481-4 .
- Catherine Waeber: The Cistercian Abbey of Hauterive. (Swiss Art Guide, No. 844/845, Series 85). Ed. Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2009, ISBN 978-3-85782-844-7 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Hauterive Monastery in the WorldCat bibliographic database
- Hauterive Abbey site
- Ernst Tremp: Hauterive (monastery). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Hauterive Monastery on the ETHorama platform
- Portrait of the organ, consecrated in 2011, on the website of Orgelbau Kuhn AG
- Aerial views of the abbey
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://www.cath.ch/newsf/une-fete-de-l-assomption-particuliere/
- ↑ Marly son histoire , Société de développement de Marly et environs, 1992, p. 54