Ai (Ufa)
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Ai Ай, Әй |
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 Location of the Ai (Ай) in the catchment area of the Belaja |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 10010201012111100021467 | |
| location | Chelyabinsk Oblast , Bashkortostan ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Volga | |
| Drain over | Ufa → Belaya → Kama → Volga → Caspian Sea | |
| source |
Urals southeast of Satka 54 ° 39 ′ 11 " N , 59 ° 6 ′ 41" E |
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| Source height | approx. 880 m | |
| muzzle |
Ufa south of Krasnoufimsk Coordinates: 56 ° 7 ′ 41 ″ N , 57 ° 40 ′ 41 ″ E 56 ° 7 ′ 41 ″ N , 57 ° 40 ′ 41 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 160 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 720 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 1.3 ‰ | |
| length | 549 km | |
| Catchment area | 15,000 km² | |
| Outflow at the level at the mouth |
MQ |
84 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Great satka | |
| Right tributaries | Kussa, Kigi, Big Ik, Ik | |
| Big cities | Zlatoust | |
| Small towns | Kussa , Meschewoi | |
| Communities | Messjagutowo , Bolscheustikinskoje | |
 Ford across the Ai River |
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The Ai ( Russian Ай , Bashkir Әй ) is a 549 km long left tributary of the Ufa in the Urals ( Russia ).
course
The river rises about 880 m above sea level west of the Uraltau ridge in the southern Urals. The source is located in the west of Chelyabinsk Oblast , about 45 km as the crow flies southeast of the city of Satka and 40 km northwest of Uchaly not far from the border with the Republic of Bashkortostan . The Ai initially flows in a north-easterly direction as far as the city of Zlatoust , before turning generally to the north-west with several changes of direction. It cuts through several mountain ranges that run parallel to the main Ural ridge and reaches the territory of Bashkortostan. In the middle course the Ai flows through a wide valley, in the lower course the Ufa plateau, which is karstified in many places and occupies this part of the western Ural foreland, crosses . Its valley is relatively narrow and rocky.
The Ai finally flows a good 50 km south of Krasnoufimsk into the Ufa, which flows into the Volga via Belaya and Kama and marks the border between Bashkortostan and Sverdlovsk Oblast on this section . Near the mouth, the Ai is almost 100 meters wide; the flow velocity there is 0.7 m / s.
Its most important tributaries are the Kussa, Kigi, Großer Ik (Bolshoi Ik) and Ik from the right and the Große Satka (Bolschaja Satka) from the left.
Hydrology
The catchment area of the Ai covers 15,000 km². The river freezes over from late October / early November to late April.
The mean annual runoff at the mouth is 84 m³ / s. On the upper reaches of Zlatoust, 67.1% of the annual runoff is from the period of spring floods during the snowmelt between April and June, 25.6% from July to November and only 7.3% from the winter period from December to March. The flow of water in the river is regulated by several smaller reservoirs in the Slatoust area, which also serve to supply water.
Infrastructure
The Ai is not navigable.
The most important places on the river, besides Zlatoust, are the small town of Kussa , the urban-type settlement Meschewoi and the larger villages and district administrative centers of Messjagutowo and Bolscheustikinskoje . At Slatoust, the river crosses the original route (today's southern route) of the Trans-Siberian Railway Samara - Chelyabinsk - Omsk and the M5 Moscow - Chelyabinsk highway , part of the transcontinental road connection. In the Zlatoust area, the railway line follows the river for a few kilometers, and further down at a distance. In the earlier Koussa crosses him Western Ural Railway chusovoy - Berdjausch - Bakal . The agricultural area on the middle reaches of the Ai is accessed by the regional roads R317 Satka - Meschewoi - Messjagutowo - Janaul and R350 Messjagutowo - Bolscheustikinskoje - Krasnoufimsk - Achit .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Article Ai in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Ai in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
