Old Schee
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Lehn
City of Sprockhövel
Coordinates: 51 ° 19 ′ 7 ″ N , 7 ° 13 ′ 54 ″ E
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| Height : | 242 m above sea level NN | |
Location of Lehn in Sprockhövel |
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 In the village of Alter Schee
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Alter Schee is a village in the Schee district in the Gennebreck district of Sprockhövel in North Rhine-Westphalia .
Location and description
The village is located on the eastern edge of the Herzkamper Mulde , one of the earliest and southernmost coal mining areas in the Ruhr area . The Haßlinghauser Ridge ridge stretches south of Alter Schee , on which the city border to Wuppertal runs and which is also the watershed between the river systems of the Ruhr and the Wupper .
The name Schee is derived from Scheid, so as a toponym it points to the neighboring watershed. It was not until the second half of the 20th century that the addition Alt-Schee was assigned to the name Schee , which changed to Alter Schee within a few years . Alter Schee is the name of the original settlement, while a few newer houses near the Schee train station further north are now also assigned to the Sprockhövel district of Schee.
history
The place emerged from an estate Auf dem Schee , which has been known as Scethe since 1130 . It was subordinate to the Oberhof Schöpplenberg near Breckerfeld until 1390 and was therefore the property of the provost of Werden monastery . The estate and the surrounding farms were joint owners of the Schee'er Mark forest area, which was used as a cooperative and which reached across the watershed into what is now Wuppertal. In the Middle Ages, the estate cultivated an area of 75 hectares (excluding the forest).
In 1390 the estate became the property of the abbot of Werden monastery, who managed it from the nearby Sattel- and Oberhof Einern . In the late Middle Ages , the Counts of the Mark , who had previously held the monastic bailiff's office , ruled over Schee and the surrounding farms. Schee was assigned to the Wetter office and had been on the border with the Duchy of Berg since 1245 . According to canon law it was in the parish of Schwelm .
In 1522 the estate was divided up and three courtyards formed the court group Obersten Scheid , Mittelsten Scheid and Untersten Scheid .
The first coal mines in Schee have been documented since the 15th century . The farmers initially dug for hard coal for their own use, later as a sideline. The deepest seams came to the surface here and could thus be easily mined. With the industrial mining of coal in the Ruhr area from the 18th century, Schee appeared primarily as a customs station on one of the many coal routes into the Wuppertal due to its border location between Berg and Mark . The right to private mining of hard coal without a license ended in 1609 with the transfer of the County of Mark to the Electorate of Brandenburg . Nevertheless, in 1811, twelve digging sites were still occupied.
Until 1807, Schee belonged to the Gennebreck farmers within the high court and the Schwelm recipe of the Wetter office in the county of Mark . From 1807 to 1814, due to the Napoleonic communal reforms in the Grand Duchy of Berg, Äckern was part of the rural community of Gennebreck within the newly founded Mairie Hasslinghausen in the arrondissement of Hagen , which after the collapse of the Napoleonic administration now became the mayor's office Haßlinghausen (from 1844 Haßlinghausen office ) in the Hagen district (from 1897 Schwelm district , from 1929 Ennepe-Ruhr district ) belonged.
The place appears on the Niemeyersche map , edition special map of the mining district of the Blankenstein district , from 1788/89 as a collection of eight buildings. He is on the Prussian Uraufnahme of 1840 and the Ordnance Survey of TK25 from the Prussian new recording in 1892 to the output 1960 as Schee listed, then as age Schee .
In 1818 and 1822, 34 people lived in the place categorized as 9 Kothen . In 1871, the municipality and estate district statistics of the province of Westphalia listed the place as a colony with 18 houses and 178 inhabitants, presumably due to the high number of buildings and inhabitants compared to the later registers, neighboring living spaces were also included. In 1885, the community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia also gave a number of 85 inhabitants for Schee who lived in 14 houses.
In 1884 the Wuppertal-Wichlinghausen-Hattingen railway line was built as a coal line and the place received a train station outside the town center . To overcome the southern ridge, the twin-tube, 721 meter long Scheetunnel was built, the north portal of which is a few hundred meters south of the village. In 1887 construction began on the Schee – Silschede railway, which branched off from the first railway line at Schee.
In 1895 the place had twelve houses with 88 inhabitants, in 1905 the place had 14 houses and 82 inhabitants.
With the Hövel shaft of the Herzkamper Mulde colliery, which had its own siding, the last of the large mines was shut down in 1905. On January 1, 1970, the Haßlingenhausen office was dissolved and the rural community Gennebreck with Herzkamp was incorporated into the city of Sprockhövel.
In 1992 all railway systems were dismantled. Today the Von-Ruhr-to-Ruhr-Radweg runs on the former railway lines from Schee in the direction of Hattingen and Haßlinghausen . Since December 2014, the western tube of the Scheetunnel has been connecting it as a combined cycle and hiking path with the Wuppertaler Nordbahntrasse.
literature
- Erich Schultze-Gebhardt , " Settlement and Industry between the Ruhr and Wupper - A Contribution to the Cultural Geography of the Niederbergisch-Märkisches Hügelland in the area of the city of Sprockhövel ", series of the Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Sprockhövel eV, Volume 2, 1980
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alexander A. Mützell: New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . tape 5 . Karl August Künnel, Halle 1823.
- ↑ Johann Georg von Viebahn : Local and distance table of the government district Arnsberg, arranged according to the existing state division, with details of the earlier areas and offices, the parish and school districts and topographical information. Ritter, Arnsberg 1841.
- ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau Prussia (ed.): The communities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population . The Province of Westphalia, No. IX . Berlin 1874.
- ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (Prussia) (ed.): Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1885 and other official sources, (community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume X), Berlin 1887.
- ↑ Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Prussia) (Ed.): Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1895 and other official sources, (community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume X), Berlin 1897.
- ↑ Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Prussia) (Ed.): Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1905 and other official sources, (community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume X), Berlin 1909.
- ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 113 .