Herzkamp

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Herzkamp
City of Sprockhövel
Coordinates: 51 ° 18 ′ 43 ″  N , 7 ° 12 ′ 12 ″  E
Height : 261 m above sea level NN
Herzkamp (Sprockhövel)
Herzkamp

Location of Herzkamp in Sprockhövel
Ev. Herzkamp Church
Ev. Herzkamp Church

Herzkamp is a church village in the Gennebreck district of the city of Sprockhövel in the Ennepe-Ruhr district , North Rhine-Westphalia .

Location and description

Herzkamp is located in the southwestern part of the Sprockhövel urban area near the city limits of Wuppertal in the south and west and Hattingen in the north. To Herzkamp several farmsteads and residential places such as grouping fields , Rather , mountains , Lehn , Ellers cottage , alder , Mettberg , one field , Ochsenkamp , Little Siepen , Big Siepen and St. Moritz . Egen and Brink have grown together with the town . The state roads L70 and L294 intersect in the village . There is a large golf course to the east of the village.

The geological trough structure Herzkämper Mulde is named after the place, as are several relics of the early Ruhr mining in the vicinity such as the Zeche Herzkamp , the Zeche Vereinigte Neu-Herzkamp , the Zeche Neu-Herzkamp or the Herzkämper Erbstollen .

The southernmost shaft of the entire Ruhr mining industry was located in the village itself. The mining hiking trail Herzkämper-Mulde-Weg leads from Herzkamp to several stations of the early coal mining, which began in the Herzkamp area in the early modern times due to the coal seams reaching the surface and is documented from the middle of the 16th century.

Etymology and history

The name of the place appears relatively late in the documents. It was not until 1750 that the place was mentioned in writing in a contract between an old-established family and the Gennebreck farmers for the reconstruction of the dilapidated schoolhouse. As the content of the contract suggests, the location must be significantly older, as the school already existed at that time.

The place name has the meaning of Hirschfeld , which can be inferred from analogous place names such as Herzfeld an der Lippe , the etymology of which has already been proven. The appellative -kamp is undoubtedly a derivation of the Latin word campus (= field) and has been used many times since the early Middle Ages. The defining word derives from and. Hirot , hirut , mnd. herte , ahd. hiruz , which means a deer . It is striking that the name is identical with the Wuppertal district of Hatzfeld, which is almost within sight .

As early as 1714 a shaft of the Stöckerdreckbank mine was sunk in the local area , the southernmost production shaft of the entire Ruhr mining industry. The shaft was initially 23 meters Seiger , and then the seam following a further 60 meters tonnlägig applied. The shaft last reached a depth of 171 meters and was given a new shaft building as the Neu-Herzkamp shaft in 1912.

In 1785, the Herzkamp parish separated from the Schwelmer mother church and, on the initiative of Johann Casper, one of the main trades of the local Sieper & Mühler Gruben colliery , founded a separate parish for Herzkamp and Oberelfringhausen . The schoolhouse was initially used as a meeting place, but it soon did not offer enough space.

Until 1807, Herzkamp belonged to the Gennebreck farmers within the high court and the Schwelm recipe of the Wetter office in the county of Mark . From 1807 to 1814, due to the Napoleonic municipal reforms in the Grand Duchy of Berg , Herzkamp was part of the rural community of Gennebreck within the newly founded Mairie Hasslinghausen in the arrondissement of Hagen .

The place appears on the Niemeyersche map , edition of special map of the mining district of the Blankenstein district , from 1788/89 as a collection of around a dozen buildings. He is on the Prussian Uraufnahme of 1840 and the Ordnance Survey of TK25 from the Prussian new recording continuously listed in 1892 as Herzkamp.

In 1818 and 1822, 92 people lived in the village, which was categorized as a church village and after the collapse of the Napoleonic administration and its replacement, it belonged to the mayor's office in Haßlinghausen (from 1844 Amt Haßlinghausen ) in the district of Hagen (from 1897 district Schwelm , from 1929 Ennepe-Ruhr district ).

In the 19th century, Herzkamp was located on a coal route between Sprockhövel and Elberfeld , one of the three main coal routes that led from the Ruhr area into Wuppertal (today the Bruch road).

Around 1830 the coal route leading through the place (today state road L70) was expanded into a road . Numerous restaurants offered a stop for the numerous carters on their way from the mines to the customers in Wuppertal, including the inn " Zur Alten Post" , built in 1785, which ceased operations in 2014. Until 1865, the inn was also a toll station for the road charges to be paid by the drivers.

The place, categorized as a church village and school according to the location and distance table of the government district of Arnsberg in 1839, had a church, two public buildings, 26 residential houses and five agricultural buildings at that time. At that time, 226 residents lived in the village, five of them Catholic and 221 Protestant denominations.

In 1862 the neo-Gothic church was completed, which was built by the Barmer master builder Christian Heyden , who also designed the neighboring Haßlinghauser church. The presbytery had to accept contractually to future claims due to possible before building opposite the mine Sieper & Mühler mines mining damage to dispense.

A ribbon weaving mill and in 1876 a grain distillery with an inn was opened in the village . The ribbon weaving mill produced on three ribbon looms until the 1970s, up to another 200 looms were in the Gennebreckern residential houses for home work. The distillery ceased operations in 1990.

The municipality and estate district statistics of the province of Westphalia in 1871 listed the place as a village with 36 houses and 305 inhabitants, whereby, probably due to the high number of buildings and inhabitants compared to later registers, neighboring living spaces were also included. In 1885, the community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia also gave a number of 145 inhabitants for Herzkamp who lived in 20 houses. In 1895 the place had 22 houses with 150 inhabitants and was the parish seat of the Evangelical parish of Herzkamp, ​​in 1905 the place had 22 houses and 167 inhabitants.

On January 1, 1970, the Haßlinghausen office was dissolved and the rural community Gennebreck with Herzkamp was incorporated into the town of Sprockhövel.

Personalities from the place

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Paul Derks : The settlement names of the city of Sprockhövel . University Press Dr. N. Brockmeyer, Bochum 2010, ISBN 978-3-8196-0760-8 , pp. 94 f .
  2. ↑ a b c d e The Herzkämper-Mulde-Weg . In: Förderverein Bergbauhistorischer Ststätten Ruhrrevier eV Working group Sprockhövel / Heimat und Geschichtsverein Sprockhövel eV (Ed.): The trace of coal . Sprockhövel 2000.
  3. ↑ a b Johann Georg von Viebahn : Local and distance table of the government district Arnsberg, arranged according to the existing state division, with details of the earlier areas and offices, the parish and school districts and topographical information. Ritter, Arnsberg 1841.
  4. ↑ Alexander A. Mützell: New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . tape 5 . Karl August Künnel, Halle 1823.
  5. ↑ Michael Tiedt: The early mining on the Ruhr - coal route from Sprockhövel to Elberfeld. In: Ruhrkohlenrevier.de. Retrieved July 11, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau Prussia (ed.): The communities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population . The Province of Westphalia, No. IX . Berlin 1874.
  7. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (Prussia) (ed.): Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1885 and other official sources, (community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume X), Berlin 1887.
  8. ↑ Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Prussia) (Ed.): Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1895 and other official sources, (community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume X), Berlin 1897.
  9. ↑ Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Prussia) (Ed.): Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1905 and other official sources, (community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume X), Berlin 1909.
  10. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 113 .