Horather Schanze

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Horather Schanze
City of Wuppertal
Coordinates: 51 ° 17 ′ 50 ″  N , 7 ° 10 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : 286 m above sea level NHN
Horather Schanze (Wuppertal)
Horather Schanze

Location of Horather Schanze in Wuppertal

Horather Schanze is a residential area in the north of the Bergisch city ​​of Wuppertal .

Location and description

The residential area is located in the east of the Dönberg residential area in the Uellendahl-Katernberg district on Landesstraße 433 (here Horather Schanze and further west called Horather Straße ) at an altitude of 286  m above sea level. NHN .

Neighboring places, in addition to Dönberg, are the residential areas and courts of Horath (Wuppertal) , Horath (Sprockhövel) , Dickten , Bergmannshaus , parish , pastorate , Hohenholz , Halbachsbusch , Lohbusch , Prinzberg , Königssiepen , Dickkothen and Auf'm Hagen .

Etymology and history

-rath is a common toponym for clearing. Anton Fahne , on the other hand, derives Horath as a smooth form from the term Hohe Warte . According to Fahne, there should have been a three-step ski jump at this location, which, in his opinion and the other local researchers, was part of a Landwehr either along the Deilbach or the Barmer line of the Bergische Landwehr or along the Mirker Bach (Elberfeld line of the Bergische Landwehr) . So far, however, neither traces of these Landwehr nor a hill have been proven beyond doubt in this area, but mentions in early modern documents suggest the existence of one or more of these Landwehr in the vicinity.

According to Wilhelm Engels , there was only one hill at the site, a barrier to the forerunner of today's L433. In his opinion, the name Schanze was transferred to the settlement area, which was divided into three neighboring residential areas ( Obere Schanze , Mittlere Schanze and Untere Schanze ).

In the local dialect, the place was also referred to as om Hopp or cozy Fritz . The latter referred to a local restaurant. The houses on the other side of the street were also known as Mittelste Schanze , in the local dialect called an de meddelste Schanze or Ölfkeshuus . Next to Mittelste Schanze were the houses at Knapp or the customs station , which is also indicated by a customs or toll station at Horather Schanze.

In the 19th century the western part of Horather Schanze belonged to the suburbs of the farmers and the parish of Dönberg in the mayor's office Hardenberg , which was renamed Neviges in 1935 . From 1816 to 1861 it belonged to the Elberfeld district and from 1861 to the old Mettmann district . In contrast, the eastern local area belonged to the peasantry Gennebreck in office Hasslinghausen the district Hagen (from 1897 Kreis Schwelm , 1929 Ennepe-Ruhr district ).

The place is marked on the topographical survey of the Rhineland from 1824 as Horather Schanze and on the Prussian first photo from 1843 it is unmarked. The place is labeled as Horather Schanze on measuring table sheets .

In the municipality lexicon for the Rhineland province of 1888, two houses with 18 inhabitants are given for the Dönberger Horather Schanze .

The municipality encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia in 1885 gives a number of 16 residents for Gennebrecker Schanze who lived in a residential building. In 1895 the suburb had a house with twelve inhabitants and belonged to the Evangelical parish of Herzkamp, ​​in 1905 the place had a house and 13 inhabitants.

South of Horather Schanze ran a coal route from Sprockhövel to Elberfeld , on which hard coal was transported from the mines in the southern Ruhr area to the factories in Wuppertal in the late 18th century and in the first half of the 19th century , which was the industrial heart of the time the region was. From the coal path south of Horather Schanze a ravine has been preserved in the area, which is called the Franzosenweg and whose cut is protected as a natural monument .

With the municipal reform of 1929, the southern part of Dönberg was split off and incorporated into the newly founded town of Wuppertal with other Nevigeser villages outside Dönberg, the rest of Dönberg with the Dönberger Horather Schanze initially remained with Neviges. The southern part of Gennebreck with the eastern Horather Schanze was split off at the same time and came to Wuppertal this year.

Due to the regional reform of North Rhine-Westphalia , Neviges came to the city of Velbert at the beginning of 1975 and the rest of Dönberg with the western Hohrath Schanze was also incorporated into Wuppertal, so that both suburbs belonged to one municipality for the first time.

literature

  • Rolf Müller: Dönberg, a parish on the edge , Aussaat Verlag, Wuppertal, 1976

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Anton Fahne : The Landwehr from Velbert to Landsberg Castle and from Barmen to Hückeswagen , magazine of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein , Volume 14, 1878, pp. 137-208
  2. ^ Wolfgang Stock: Wuppertal street names. Their origin and meaning. Thales Verlag, Essen-Werden 2002, ISBN 3-88908-481-8
  3. ↑ a b Wilhelm Engels : The Landwehr in the peripheral areas of the Duchy of Berg , In: Zeitschrift des Bergisches Geschichtsverein (ZBGV), 66th Volume, year 1938, pages 67-278, Martini & Grüttefien Verlag, Elberfeld, p. 216f
  4. ^ A b c Rolf Müller: Dönberg, a parish on the edge, Aussaat Verlag, Wuppertal, 1976
  5. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Rhineland. Based on materials from the census of December 1, 1885 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Statistical Bureau. In: Royal Statistical Bureau (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. tape XII , 1888, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 ( digitized version ).
  6. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia. Based on materials from the census of December 1, 1885 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Statistical Bureau. In: Royal Statistical Bureau (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. tape X , 1887, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 ( digitized version ).
  7. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia. Based on materials from the census of December 1, 1895 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Statistical Bureau. In: Royal Statistical Bureau (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. tape X , 1897, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 ( digitized ).
  8. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia. Based on the materials from the census of December 1, 1905 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Prussian State Statistical Office. In: Königliches Prussisches Statistisches Landesamt (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. Booklet X, 1909, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 .
  9. ↑ Kohlenwege on Ruhrkohlenrevier.de