American angelica

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American angelica
American angelica (Angelica atropurpurea)

American angelica ( Angelica atropurpurea )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Genre : Angelica ( Angelica )
Type : American angelica
Scientific name
Angelica atropurpurea
L.

The American angelica or Purpufarbene Angelica ( Angelica atropurpurea ) is a plant from the genus of Angelica ( Angelica ) within the family of the Umbelliferae (Apiaceae). It thrives in humid locations in North America.

description

Illustration from American medicinal plants; - an illustrated and descriptive guide to the American plants used as homopathic remedies - their history, preparation, chemistry, and physiological effects , 1887
Foliage leaf
Section from a double-ended inflorescence

Vegetative characteristics

The American angelica grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 130 to 180 centimeters. A short taproot is formed. The plant parts smell strongly. The stem -round, relatively thick, mostly bare stems are hollow and greenish to purple colored.

The alternate, mainly disposed in the lower portion of the stem leaves are divided into leaf sheath, petiole and leaf blade and bare. The upper leaves have a long, broad, somewhat puffed-up and greenish-purple leaf sheath . The leaf blades widest at their base are usually double unpinnate. There are three or five pinnacles of the first or second order. The often sessile or short-stalked and partly sloping leaflets are more or less ovate with unevenly serrated edges.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period lasts from late spring to early summer and lasts about three weeks. The stems of the American angelica end in one or more double-gold inflorescences standing on inflorescence shafts . The spherical double umbels have 15 to 40 rays. Each little box contains many stalked flowers.

The flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five greenish, white to yellowish petals have inwardly curved ends. The light green calyx has barely recognizable calyx lobes. a curved tip. There are five stamens . The stamp ends with a split stylus .

A double axis is formed. The partial fruit is elongated-egg-shaped with a length of 5 to 8 millimeters and somewhat flattened with three longitudinal ribs on each side. The fruits that are greenish-yellow at the beginning and turn brown when ripe have short wings along their entire length. The wings are convex with a groove on one side while the other side is flat.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Occurrence

The American angelica is found in eastern Canada in New Brunswick , Newfoundland , Nova Scotia , Ontario and Quebec and in the east to north-central United States in Connecticut , Indiana , Maine , Massachusetts , Michigan , New Hampshire , New Jersey , New York , Ohio , Pennsylvania , Rhode Island , Vermont , West Virginia , northern Illinois , northern Iowa , eastern Minnesota , Wisconsin , Delaware , central Kentucky , Maryland , Tennessee and North Carolina only in Haywood County .

It usually thrives in damp locations.

Taxonomy

The first publication of Angelica atropurpurea was carried out in 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , 1, page 251. A synonym for Angelica atropurpurea L. is Archangelica atropurpurea (L.) Hoffm.

use

The young stems and leaf stalks of Angelica atropurpurea are eaten raw or cooked. When boiled in water, it tastes similar to celery. They can be peeled and eaten as a salad. The tap roots, stems and petioles can also be candied.

The medicinal effects of Angelica atropurpurea have been studied. The root drug is used. Angelica atropurpurea was used as a medicinal herb by the indigenous peoples of North America.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Angelica atropurpurea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b c Angelica atropurpurea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 20, 2018.
  3. ↑ a b c d Wolfgang Blaschek, Rudolf Hänsel et al .: Angelica . In: Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice . 5th edition. Sequence Volume 2: Drug A-K . Springer, 1998, ISBN 978-3-642-63794-0 ( Angelica atropurpurea on pp. 110-111 in the Google book search).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Great Angelica Angelica atropurpurea on Illinois Wild Flowers . , last accessed on March 9, 2019.
  5. ↑ Purplestem Angelica at newcrop of The Center for New Crops & Plant Products , Purdue University.
  6. ↑ USDA data sheet.
  7. ↑ a b Data sheet with photos of the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center at the University of Texas at Austin.
  8. ↑ a b Angelica atropurpurea in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018-2. Posted by: L. Maiz-Tome, 2015. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
  9. ↑ a b Angelica atropurpurea at Plants For A Future . Retrieved March 9, 2019.
  10. ↑ Data sheet from Native American Ethnobotany = NAEB .

Web links

Commons : American angelica ( Angelica atropurpurea )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files