Anne Hébert

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Anne Hébert (born August 1, 1916 in Sainte-Catherine-de-Fossambault , † January 22, 2000 in Montréal ) was a Francophone Canadian writer . Her most important works include the volume of short stories Le Torrent (1950), the volume of poetry Le Tombeau des rois (1960) and the novels Les chambres de bois (1958) and Kamouraska (1970). Her work had a formative influence on the literature of Québec and was honored with numerous prizes from French-speaking countries , including a. with threePrix ​​du Gouverneur général and the Prix ​​Femina .

Life and work

She was born in 1916 in Sainte-Catherine-de-Fossambault (since 1984 Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier) and baptized Marie Marguerite Claire Louise Anne Hébert. Her father Maurice Lang-Hébert worked for the government of the province of Québec, later he became director of the tourism association; in addition to his professional activity, he was a poet and literary critic. Until the age of eleven, Hébert was tutored by a private tutor , after which she attended the Collège Notre-Dame-de-Bellevue et Mérici in Québec . She began to write at a young age. She was supported and influenced by her mother Marguerite-Marie Taché, who was enthusiastic about the theater, by her father and by her cousin Hector de Saint-Denys Garneau , a poet and essayist.

From 1937 Hébert was able to place individual texts in magazines. In 1942, her first volume of poetry, Les Songes en Équilibre , was published, for which she was awarded a Prix David. The death of her cousin Hector (1943) and her only sister Marie (1952) shaped her “poetic vision, full of images of death and drowning”. Despite her successful poetry debut, she could not find a publisher for the short story book Le torrent , which is why she published it in 1950 at her own expense. The “violence in the unspoken and in the values ​​of Québec society” portrayed in it angered the readership.

From 1950 to 1954, Hébert worked for Radio Canada and the Office national du film du Canada . Once again , Hébert was unable to find a publisher for her second volume of poems, Le Tombeau des rois . The writer Roger Lemelin granted her a loan, and so this volume could also appear at her own expense. A grant from the Royal Society of Canada enabled her to go to Paris in 1954 - for the next few years she lived alternately in France and Canada. Her first novel Les chambres de bois (1958) brought about a “significant shift in the style and content of Québec literature”: the realistic discourse was replaced by “rebellious literature that is experimental”, alienation, “brutal passion and primitive violence " shows. In 1960/1961, Hébert was awarded the Prix du Gouverneur général pour poésie ou théâtre de langue français for her volume of poems Poèmes .

After the death of her mother in 1965, Hébert settled in Paris for 27 years. In addition to her books and plays, she wrote for various magazines, including a. Châtelaine , Les Ecrits du Canada français and Esprit . After four years of research and writing, she published her second novel Kamouraska (1970), with which she achieved her broad breakthrough. The novel is about the trial of a woman, "the shackles shake off, that keep them a kind of self-realization to achieve". In 1971 she received the Prix ​​des Libraires and the Prix de l'Académie royale de Belgique for Kamouraska . In 1973, the film of the same name by Claude Jutra was made based on the novel .

In the following years, her works received numerous other prizes, including the Prix Athanase-David (1978) and another Prix ​​du Gouverneur général pour romans et nouvelles de langue française for Les Enfants du sabbat (1975). With her sixth novel, Le Premier Jardin (1988), she set a literary monument for the Filles du Roi - those women from the founding days of New France , "whose names are not even preserved and whose historical work is disappearing".

Hébert rejects the offer made by Québec Prime Minister René Lévesque in 1978 to become Vice Governor of Québec. In 1989 the French Prime Minister Michel Rocard appointed her to the Conseil supérieur de la langue française, which oversees the rules of the French language .

In 1997 Hébert returned to Canada, where she died of bone cancer in Montréal in 2000 and was buried in Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier.

Influences

The authors who, according to her own admission, have significantly influenced her work include Charles Baudelaire , Georges Bernanos , Marie-Claire Blais , Karen Blixen , Emily Brontë , Hélène Cixous , Paul Claudel , Réjean Ducharme , Charles Dickens , Fjodor Dostojewski , William Faulkner , Jeanne Lapointe , James Joyce , Pierre Jean Jouve , Franz Kafka , Maurice Maeterlinck , Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz , Arthur Rimbaud , Nathalie Sarraute , Jean-Paul Sartre , Anton Chekhov , Marcel Proust , Émile Verhaeren and Paul Verlaine .

Works (selection)

Poetry
  • Les Songes en équilibre, 1942
  • Le Tombeau des rois, 1953
  • Mystère de la parole, 1960
  • Poèmes, 1960 (new edition of Le Tombeau des rois together with Mystère de la parole )
  • Le jour n'a d'égal que la nuit, 1992
  • Poèmes pour la main gauche, 1997
stories
  • Le torrent. Stories. Beauchemin, Montréal 1950 (including "Le Torrent", "l'Ange de Dominique", "La Robe corail", "Le Printemps de Catherine", "La Maison de l'esplanade"); exp. Ed. HMH, coll. L'abre, Montréal 1963 (additionally with "Un grand mariage", "La Mort de Stella"); this edition again: Bibliothèque Québécoise (BQ), 1989
    • Single ore, heavily abbreviated, transl. Beate Thill: Der Sturzbach, in: America writing differently. Literature from Québec. Ed. Lothar Baier , Pierre Filion. Das Wunderhorn , Heidelberg 2000, pp. 70 - 77 (= Le torrent , the eponymous story)
    • Single ore., Transl. Renate Rivenq: The torrent, in Canadian storytellers of the present. Manesse Library of World Literature , Zurich 1967, 1986, pp. 85 - 142 (Le torrent)
    • Einzelerz., Übers. Thorgerd Schücker: The marriage, told in Canada. 17 stories. Edited by Stefana Sabin. Fischer TB 10930, 1992, pp. 98-128 (Un grand mariage). First in Ernst Bartsch ed .: The long journey. Canadian short stories and short stories. Volk und Welt publishing house , Berlin 1976
    • Einzelerz., Transl. Christa Gallner, Armin Arnold: The house on the Esplanade, in: Modern storytellers of the world: Canada. Edition Erdmann , 1976; again in: Women in Canada. Stories and poems. dtv, 1993
  • Aurélien, Clara, Mademoiselle et le Lieutenant Anglais. 1995
    • Translated by Astrid Wintersberger: Aurélien, Clara, the lady and the English lieutenant . Residence, Salzburg 2000 ISBN 9783701711987
Novels
  • Les chambres de bois, 1958
  • Kamouraska, 1970
    • Kamouraska . Bucher, Luzern 1972 (translated by Gertrud Strub).
  • Les Enfants du sabbat, 1975
  • Héloïse, 1980
  • Les Fous de Bassan, 1982
  • Le Premier Jardin, 1988
  • L'Enfant chargé de songes, 1992.
    • The wild heart of the river . Residenz, Salzburg 1999 ISBN 978-3701711482 (translated by Christian Rochow).
  • Est-ce que je te dérange ?, 1998.
  • Un habit de lumière, 1999
Plays and radio plays
  • Les Invités au procès, 1952
  • La Mercière assassinée, 1958
  • Le Temps sauvage, 1963
  • Les Invités au Procès, 1967.
  • L'Île de la demoiselle, 1978.
  • La cage suivi de L'île de la demoiselle, 1990.
libretto
  • Larch. 2000, music by Isabelle Panneton
Scripts
  • Lock keeper. 1953, directed by Pierre Arbor
  • The Charwoman. 1954, directed by Léonard Forest
  • Needles and Pins. 1955, directed by Roger Blais
  • La Mercière assassinée. 1958, directed by Jean Faucher
  • La Canne à pêche. 1959, directed by Fernand Dansereau
  • Saint-Denys Garneau. 1960, directed by Louis Portugais
  • L'Étudiant. 1961, directed by Jean Dansereau
  • Kamouraska. 1973, directed by Claude Jutra
  • Les Fous de Bassan. 1987, directed by Yves Simoneau

Awards and honors (selection)

  • 1943 Prix David for Les Songes en équilibre
  • 1958 Prix Québec-Paris for Les Chambres de bois
  • 1958 Prix Ludger-Duvernay for her lyrical work
  • 1960 member of the Société Royale du Canada
  • 1961 Prix ​​du Gouverneur général 1960 for Poèmes
  • 1963 Guggenheim scholarship
  • 1968 Prix ​​Molson for her lyric work
  • 1969 Compagnon de l ' Ordre du Canada
  • 1969 Honorary Doctorate from the University of Toronto
  • 1970 Honorary Doctorate from the University of Guelph
  • 1971 Prix des libraires for Kamouraska
  • 1971 Grand Prix de l ' Académie Royale de Belgique for Kamouraska
  • 1975 Prix du Gouverneur général for Les Enfants du sabbat
  • 1979 Honorary doctorate from the Université du Québec à Montréal
  • 1976 Prince-Pierre-de-Monaco Prix for her complete works
  • 1978 Prix Athanase-David for her complete works
  • 1980 Honorary Doctorate from McGill University
  • 1982 Prix ​​Femina for Les Fous de Bassan
  • 1983 Honorary doctorate from the Université Laval
  • 1984 Medal of the Académie des lettres du Québec
  • 1985 Officier de l'Ordre national du Québec
  • 1987 Prix Fleury-Mesplet
  • 1988 Prix littéraire Canada-Communauté française de Belgique
  • 1989 Grand Prix de l'écriture ST Dupont
  • 1992 Prix du Gouverneur général for L'enfant chargé de songes
  • 1993 Prix Alain-Grandbois for Le jour n'a d'égal que la nuit
  • 1993 member of the Ordre des francophones d'Amérique
  • 1993 Prix Gilles-Corbeil for her complete works
  • 1999 Jean-Hamelin Prize for Un habit de lumière
  • 2000 Foundation of the Prix ​​Anne-Hébert by the Center culturel canadien de Paris and Radio Canada
  • 2004 Foundation of the Prix ​​scientifique Anne-Hébert by the Center Anne-Hébert and the Service de la recherche et de la coopération internationale of the Université de Sherbrooke

literature

  • Élodie Rousselot, Re-Writing Women into Canadian History: Margaret Atwood and Anne Hébert . Québec: Instant même, 2013 ISBN 978-2895022572 .
  • Nathalie Watteyne et al., Anne Hébert: chronologie et bibliographie des livres, parties de livres, articles et autres travaux consacrés à son œuvre . Montréal: Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 2008.
  • Adela Elena Gligor, Mythes et intertextes bibliques dans l'œuvre d'Anne Hébert . Dissertation: Université d'Angers and Université de Montréal, 2008, online at Hyper Articles en Ligne , 2009.
  • Patrick Corcoran, "Anne Hébert (Quebec, 1916-2000)", in: Patrick Corcoran, The Cambridge Introduction to Francophone Literature . Cambridge University Press 2007, ISBN 978-0521849715 , pp. 157-164.
  • Janet M. Paterson and Lori Saint-Martin, Anne Hébert en revue . Quebec: Les Presses de l'Université du Quebec, 2006. ISBN 2-7605-1402-1 .
  • Anne Ancrenat, De mémoire de femmes: “la mémoire archaïque” in l'œuvre d'Anne Hébert . Québec: Nota bene, 2002.
  • Janis L. Pallister, The Art and Genius of Anne Hebert: Essays on Her Works: Night and the Day Are One . Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2001 ISBN 978-0838639139 .
  • Robert Harvey, Poétique d'Anne Hébert. Jeunesse et genèse, suivi de Lecture du Tombeau des rois . Québec: L'Instant même, 2000 ISBN 2-89502-136-8 .
  • Kelton W. Knight, Anne Hébert: In Search of the First Garden . New York: Peter Lang International Academic Publishers, 1999 ISBN 978-0820426921 .
  • Marie-Christine Sager-Smith, Réflexivité narrative et reflets orphiques dans l'oeuvre romanesque d'Anne Hébert . Peter Lang, Bern 1998 ISBN 978-0820438702 .
  • Melanie Sauer: The dawn of the French-Canadian drama in the context of the "révolution tranquille" in the 1960s: Using the example of the authors Michel Tremblay , Anne Hébert, Marcel Dubé and Gratien Gélinas . Peter Lang, Frankfurt 1995 ISBN 978-3-631-48238-4
  • Neil B. Bishop, Anne Hébert, son oeuvre, leurs exils: Essai Pessac: Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 1993 ISBN 978-2867811432
  • Maurice Émond, La femme à la fenêtre . Québec: Les Presses de l'Université Laval, 1984 ISBN 9782763770123
  • Delbert W. Russell: Anne Hébert . Twayne Publ, NY 1983 ISBN 978-0805765311
  • Serge A. Thériault: La quête d'équilibre dans l'oeuvre romanesque d'Anne Hébert . Ed. Asticou, Hull 1980
  • Pierre Pagé: Anne Hébert . Fides, Montréal 1965

Documentaries

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Pierre H. Lemieux, Anne Hébert at: encyclopediecanadienne.ca, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French, English ).
  2. ↑ a b c Nathalie Watteyne, chronology at: usherbrooke.ca, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French).
  3. ^ Robert Harvey, Les Années de Jeunesse on: anne-hebert.com, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French).
  4. ↑ a b Robert Harvey, Les années d'apprentissage at: anne-hebert.com, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French).
  5. ↑ a b c d Lee Skallerup, Anne Hébert (1916-2000) in "French Canadian writers" at Athabasca University (English).
  6. ↑ Bibliography des oeuvres at: anne-hebert.com, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French).
  7. ↑ List of their prizes and honors: List des prix littéraires at: anne-hebert.com, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French).
  8. ↑ Pallister and Skallerup date the award to 1960, Harvey states 1961. According to Watteyne, the Prix ​​du Gouverneur général 1960 was awarded in 1961.
  9. ↑ a b Robert Harvey, La reconnaissance et le succès at: anne-hebert.com, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French).
  10. ↑ Patrick Corcoran, "Anne Hébert (Quebec, 1916-2000)", in: Patrick Corcoran, The Cambridge Introduction to Francophone Literature , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2007, ISBN 978-0521849715 , p. 160.
  11. ↑ Lauréates et lauréats Hébert, Anne at: prixduquebec.gouv.qc.ca, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French).
  12. ^ Anne Hébert, based on: Rosanna Furgiuele and Rosalind Gill, Le Francais Dans le Village Global: Manuel de Lecture Et Decriture . Toronto: Canadian Scholars Press, 2008 ISBN 978-1551303376 , p. 59.
  13. ^ Robert Harvey, La gloire at: anne-hebert.com, accessed on September 6, 2015 (French).
  14. ↑ in the French Wikipedia there is a table of contents. The text reproduces only the first third of the original, breaks off without any indication or explanation; the essentials, as well as the title, are not recognizable. Complete only in the Manesse edition 1967, 1986
personal data
SURNAME Hébert, Anne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Canadian Francophone Writer
DATE OF BIRTH August 1, 1916
PLACE OF BIRTH Sainte-Catherine-de-Fossambault
DATE OF DEATH January 22, 2000
Place of death Montréal