St. Antönien Ascharina

St. Antönien-Ascharina
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Graubünden (GR)
Region :	Prättigau / Davos
Political community :	Luzein
Postal code :	7245
former BFS no. :	3893
Coordinates :	779 738  /  202 584 coordinates: 46 ° 57 '0 "  N , 9 ° 48' 0"  O ; CH1903:  779,738  /  202 584
Height :	1420  m above sea level M.
Area :	9.62  km²
Residents:	118 (December 31, 2005)
Population density :	12 inhabitants per km²
map

Parish before the merger on January 1, 2007

( St. Antönien- ) Ascharina or Scharina ( Walser German Schrina [ ˈʃɾiːnɐ ]) is a scattered settlement on the east side of the St. Antönien valley in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . Together with Rüti, she was part of the half-high court of Klosters- Auserschnitz until 1851 and then formed its own political community ; since 2007 it has been a parliamentary group in the St. Antönien community, which merged with Luzein in 2016 .

coat of arms

Description : A golden (yellow) St. Anthony's cross in blue, raised by a six-pointed golden star. The Antonius Cross stands for the name of the community, it refers to the Holy Abbot Antonius . Colors of the Ten Court League . The addition of the star distinguishes the coat of arms from that of the community of St. Antönien and its predecessor communities.

geography

Historic aerial photo by Walter Mittelholzer from 1925

Ascharina is located in the lower and middle part of the St. Antöniental , a northern side valley of the Prättigau , and encompasses a four-kilometer section on the left side of the valley, including the Alpbach valley with the Aschariner Alp, which flows in here . The place, divided into Usser-, Mittel- and Inner-Ascharina, is a typical scattered settlement of the Walser and therefore consists of numerous individual farms without a village center.

Of the former municipal area of ​​962 hectares, 192 hectares are covered by forest and wood and 176 hectares of unproductive area in the form of mountains. Of the 574 ha of agriculturally usable land, 452 ha are cultivated as alpine pastures and Alps . The remaining 20 hectares of the community area are settlement areas. The highest mountain in the municipality is the Rätschenhorn ( 2703  m above sea level ), the highest peak in the Rätschenfluh chain .

population

Ascharina had 146 inhabitants in 1850, 95 in 1900, 149 again in 1950; of the 117 residents at the end of 2004, 112 (= 95.73%) were Swiss citizens.

history

An iron lance tip from the La Tène period was found in the Gürgetsch .

Political history

In the 13th century, the area of ​​Ascherina was under the rule of the Barons von Vaz , 1338–1436 the Toggenburgers , then the Lords von Matsch ; between 1477 and 1649 the Habsburgs exercised sovereign rights. Walser settled in the 14th century ; they operated exclusively cattle farming and extended the pastures up the valley of the Alpbach up to the Aschariner Alp. The Küblis road, built in 1899–1895, created a closer connection between the St. Antöniental, which was previously more closely aligned with the Montafon , and the rest of the Prättigau.

After Ascharina refused to join the union of Castels and Rüti to form the municipality of St. Antönien in 1979, the two municipalities decided on February 23, 2006 in a referendum with a large majority to merge on January 1, 2007. The approval by the Grand Council of the Canton of Graubünden took place on September 1, 2006.

Economic history

In Ascharina, one of the few pottery makers in Graubünden produced household ceramics and tiled stoves in the 19th century . It is the pottery of Peter Lötscher (1750-1818), which was initially in the hamlet of Rohnegga and was moved to Ascharina-Post in 1809/1810. There, Andreas Lötscher (1787–1852) and his son Christian Lötscher (1821–1880) and finally Andreas Lötscher the Elder made pottery. J. (1857-1933). This ceased operations in 1898 for economic reasons. → See main article St. Antönien-Keramik .

Place name

The name Ascherina, which has only recently been documented, is derived from the Romansh aschier <Latin acer 'maple', just like in the nearby municipality of Schiers . The addition of St. Antönien, which has often been placed in front of it since the 19th century and refers to the jurisdiction of the Antonius Church , was officially valid from 1953 to 2006.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Luzein

literature

• Otto Clavuot: Sankt Antönien Ascharina. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• The municipalities of the canton of Graubünden. Chur / Zurich 2003, ISBN 3-7253-0741-5 .
• F. Pieth: The pottery in St. Antönien. In: The Free Rätier No. 275, 1907.
• H. Lehmann: St. Antönien dishes. In: Yearbook of the Swiss National Museum 19, 1910, 44–47.
• Erwin Poeschel : The art monuments of the canton Graubünden II. The valleys of Herrschaft, Prättigau, Davos, Schanfigg, Churwalden, Albula valley (= art monuments of Switzerland. Volume 9). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1937. DNB 811066703 .
• Christoph Simonett: Peter Lötscher the founder of the pottery in St. Antönien. In: Bündner monthly newspaper. Journal of Graubünden history, local history and folklore 1974, issue 3/4, 81–103.
• Rudolf Schnyder: Graubünden ceramics, glass and lava stone trades. In: Hans Erb: The Rätisches Museum, a mirror of Bündens culture and history. Chur 1979, pp. 328-347.

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Andres Kristol: St. Antönien Ascharina GR (Prättigau / Davos). In: Lexicon of Swiss municipality names . Edited by the Center de dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel. Verlag Huber, Frauenfeld / Stuttgart / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3 , p. 354.
2. ^ Astrid Röpke: The change from the natural to the cultural landscape in the high valley of St. Antönien (Switzerland). A combination of methods from palynology, soil science and dendroecology. Frankfurt am Main 2006 (PDF; 30.1 MB), p. 30.
3. ↑ Georg Wilhelm Röder / Peter-Conradin von Tscharner: Historical-geographical-statistical painting of Switzerland 15: The Canton of Graubünden, First Department, St. Gallen / Bern 1838, p. 275