Grüsch

Grüsch
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Graubünden (GR)
Region :	Prättigau / Davos
BFS no. :	3961
Postal code :	7214
Coordinates :	768.23 thousand  /  205 585 coordinates: 46 ° 58 '48 "  N , 9 ° 39' 0"  O ; CH1903:  768.23 thousand  /  205585
Height :	629  m above sea level M.
Height range :	561–2381 m above sea level M.
Area :	43.30  km²
Residents:	2076 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	48 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.gruesch.ch
Grüsch, looking south
Location of the municipality

Historic aerial photo by Werner Friedli from 1954

Grüsch (in the highest Alemannic local dialect [grʏʃ] , Rhaeto-Romanic Crusch ^{? / I} ) is a political municipality in the Prättigau / Davos region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . Since January 1, 2011, the community has consisted of the villages of Grüsch, Fanas and Valzeina .

coat of arms

Blazon : A continuous blue cross in gold.

The coat of arms is telling about the origin of the place name, namely crusch 'Kreuz'; Traditionally, it is said to have been an old wayside cross on the Taschinisbach. The colors of the coat of arms are those of the Ten Courts League .

history

In 1875 the previously independent municipality of Cavadura, which was south of the Landquart, merged with Grüsch.

According to the resolutions of the community assemblies of the three communities Grüsch, Fanas and Valzeina on June 18, 2010, the three communities merged on January 1, 2011 to form the new community Grüsch .

Grüsch from the southeast with the Solavers ruins, around 1860

geography

The clustered village of Grüsch is located in the Vorderprättigau on the alluvial cone that the Taschinasbach or Schmittnerbach, a right tributary of the Landquart , deposited when it emerged into the approximately 1 km wide bottom of the main valley. Fanas is located northeast on the mountain slope, 300 meters above the valley floor, and Valzaina in a southern side valley above the Schranggabach.

The former community of Grüsch also included the Maiensäss and individual farms Überlandquart, Patluong, Valzalum, Vagga, Cavadura and Pendla, all on the left side of the Landquart. Of the entire former municipal area of ​​1001 hectares, over half, namely 514 hectares, were covered by forest and wood. At least 395 hectares could be used for agriculture. 62 hectares were settlement areas and the remaining 30 hectares were unproductive areas (mostly mountains). The highest point of the territory was on the Horn above the district of Pendla at around 1600  m above sea level. M. Since the municipality merger in 2011 is that the Giraspitz to 2393  m . The area of ​​the municipality quadrupled with the merger from 10.01 km² to 43.30 km² (Fanas 21.84 km² and Valzeina 11.44 km²).

The community of Grüsch borders on Seewis in Prättigau , Schiers and Furna , as well as on Trimmis , Zizers and Landquart in the Landquart region .

population

Population development

year	1850	1880	1888	1910	1920	1941	1970	1980	1990	2000
Residents	614	577	681	633	712	737	709	779	1011	1210
year	2005	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Residents	1242	1325	1891	1921	1953	1975	1984	2049	2074	2075

In contrast to other municipalities in the canton of Graubünden, there was no emigration from Grüsch in the 19th century. With the exception of the years 1880 and 1888, the number of residents fluctuated only insignificantly between 1850 and 1910. There was a brief growth spurt in the 1910s. However, the population has been growing rapidly since 1970 (1970–2004: +76%). The reasons for the strong growth between 1980 and 2000 are the settlement of industrial companies, the proximity to jobs in the Graubünden Rhine Valley and the expansion of tourism. In 2011 the previous communities of Grüsch (1325 Ew.), Fanas (401 Ew.) And Valzeina (139 Ew.) Merged to form the new community Grüsch.

languages

In the early Middle Ages, the population of the community still spoke Grisons Romansh . In the 16th century, Germanization was already complete, with the residents largely adopting the Walser dialect of the upper Prättigau. The official language is German .

Languages ​​in Grüsch
languages	1980 census		1990 census		2000 census
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
German	758	97.30%	925	90.95%	1,142	94.38%
Romansh	9	1.16%	15th	1.47%	8th	0.66%
Residents	779	100%	1,017	100%	1'210	100%

Religions - denominations

Grüsch introduced the Reformation in 1561 . Today (as of 2000) 75% of the population are Evangelical Reformed , 14% Roman Catholic and 2% Orthodox Christians. In addition, there are 5% non-denominational and 2% Muslim. Another 2% of the population did not provide any information about their creed.

Origin - nationality

Of the 1,300 residents, 1,199 (92.2%) were Swiss citizens (as of the end of 2009). At the last census in 2000, 1,112 were Swiss nationals. The largest groups of immigrants come from Serbia-Montenegro (mostly Serbs and Montenegrins; few Albanians), Germany and Bosnia-Herzegovina.

politics

The municipal assembly is legislative and the seven-person council is executive. The mayor is Marcel Conzett (as of 2017).

economy

With around 600 employees, the largest employers in town and in the whole of Prättigau are the factories of the Trumpf Group , which have been located in Grüsch since 1980 . Around it, the Innozet start-up center, a subsidiary of the Wittenstein company and the Gritec company offer additional jobs for highly qualified employees. The Lietha commercial mill, founded in 1854, was the largest grain mill in Graubünden (closed in 2011).

traffic

Grüsch is on the Landquart – Davos Platz railway line of the Rhaetian Railway . Postbus connections lead from Grüsch train station to Seewis , Valzeina , Fanas and Landquart .

The village has been bypassed by Prättigauer Strasse since 1984 . Due to the short travel times to the workplaces in the Graubünden Rhine Valley and Chur , Grüsch is an attractive place to live for commuters.

tourism

Until the end of the 1960s, tourism played practically no role in Grüsch. In 1969 the Bergbahnen Grüsch-Danusa AG were founded in order to develop the snow-safe, shady slope to the left of the Landquart as a winter sports area. Today the company operates two gondola lifts ( Schwänzelegg mountain station in the Furna municipality, 1777 m), three ski lifts, a 4-seater chairlift, a mountain hut and a ski and snowboard school. There is also an ice rink, cross-country trails and winter hiking trails. A traditional and a modern hotel are available for accommodation.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Grüsch

• The four mansions built in the 16th and 17th centuries by the von Salis and von Ott families dominate the compact village center .
• Above the village are the ruins of Solavers Castle ( belonging to Seewis ).
• The Haus zum Rosengarten , set up as a cultural center by the foundation of the same name, houses the Prättigau local history museum and a library.
• The reformed village church is a listed building .

Personalities

• Bartholomäus Anhorn the Younger (1616–1700), 1634 Protestant Reformed pastor and historian in Grüsch

literature

• Otto Clavuot: Grüsch. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Erwin Poeschel : The art monuments of the canton of Graubünden II. The valley communities Herrschaft, Prättigau, Davos, Schanfigg, Churwalden, Albula valley. (= Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 9). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1937. DNB 811066703 .

Web links

Commons : Grüsch  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the community of Grüsch

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 . 
2. ↑ ^{a b} Lexicon of Swiss municipality names . Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Frauenfeld / Lausanne 2005, p. 416.