Grüsch
Grüsch | |
---|---|
State : | Switzerland |
Canton : | Graubünden (GR) |
Region : | Prättigau / Davos |
BFS no. : | 3961 |
Postal code : | 7214 |
Coordinates : | 768.23 thousand / 205 585 |
Height : | 629 m above sea level M. |
Height range : | 561–2381 m above sea level M. |
Area : | 43.30 km² |
Residents: | 2076 (December 31, 2018) |
Population density : | 48 inhabitants per km² |
Website: | www.gruesch.ch |
Grüsch, looking south |
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Location of the municipality | |
Grüsch (in the highest Alemannic local dialect [grʏʃ] , Rhaeto-Romanic ) is a political municipality in the Prättigau / Davos region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . Since January 1, 2011, the community has consisted of the villages of Grüsch, Fanas and Valzeina .
coat of arms
Blazon : A continuous blue cross in gold.
The coat of arms is telling about the origin of the place name, namely crusch 'Kreuz'; Traditionally, it is said to have been an old wayside cross on the Taschinisbach. The colors of the coat of arms are those of the Ten Courts League .
history
In 1875 the previously independent municipality of Cavadura, which was south of the Landquart, merged with Grüsch.
According to the resolutions of the community assemblies of the three communities Grüsch, Fanas and Valzeina on June 18, 2010, the three communities merged on January 1, 2011 to form the new community Grüsch .
geography
The clustered village of Grüsch is located in the Vorderprättigau on the alluvial cone that the Taschinasbach or Schmittnerbach, a right tributary of the Landquart , deposited when it emerged into the approximately 1 km wide bottom of the main valley. Fanas is located northeast on the mountain slope, 300 meters above the valley floor, and Valzaina in a southern side valley above the Schranggabach.
The former community of Grüsch also included the Maiensäss and individual farms Überlandquart, Patluong, Valzalum, Vagga, Cavadura and Pendla, all on the left side of the Landquart. Of the entire former municipal area of 1001 hectares, over half, namely 514 hectares, were covered by forest and wood. At least 395 hectares could be used for agriculture. 62 hectares were settlement areas and the remaining 30 hectares were unproductive areas (mostly mountains). The highest point of the territory was on the Horn above the district of Pendla at around 1600 m above sea level. M. Since the municipality merger in 2011 is that the Giraspitz to 2393 m . The area of the municipality quadrupled with the merger from 10.01 km² to 43.30 km² (Fanas 21.84 km² and Valzeina 11.44 km²).
The community of Grüsch borders on Seewis in Prättigau , Schiers and Furna , as well as on Trimmis , Zizers and Landquart in the Landquart region .
population
year | 1850 | 1880 | 1888 | 1910 | 1920 | 1941 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 |
Residents | 614 | 577 | 681 | 633 | 712 | 737 | 709 | 779 | 1011 | 1210 |
year | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
Residents | 1242 | 1325 | 1891 | 1921 | 1953 | 1975 | 1984 | 2049 | 2074 | 2075 |
In contrast to other municipalities in the canton of Graubünden, there was no emigration from Grüsch in the 19th century. With the exception of the years 1880 and 1888, the number of residents fluctuated only insignificantly between 1850 and 1910. There was a brief growth spurt in the 1910s. However, the population has been growing rapidly since 1970 (1970–2004: +76%). The reasons for the strong growth between 1980 and 2000 are the settlement of industrial companies, the proximity to jobs in the Graubünden Rhine Valley and the expansion of tourism. In 2011 the previous communities of Grüsch (1325 Ew.), Fanas (401 Ew.) And Valzeina (139 Ew.) Merged to form the new community Grüsch.
languages
In the early Middle Ages, the population of the community still spoke Grisons Romansh . In the 16th century, Germanization was already complete, with the residents largely adopting the Walser dialect of the upper Prättigau. The official language is German .
Languages in Grüsch | ||||||
languages | 1980 census | 1990 census | 2000 census | |||
number | proportion of | number | proportion of | number | proportion of | |
German | 758 | 97.30% | 925 | 90.95% | 1,142 | 94.38% |
Romansh | 9 | 1.16% | 15th | 1.47% | 8th | 0.66% |
Residents | 779 | 100% | 1,017 | 100% | 1'210 | 100% |
Religions - denominations
Grüsch introduced the Reformation in 1561 . Today (as of 2000) 75% of the population are Evangelical Reformed , 14% Roman Catholic and 2% Orthodox Christians. In addition, there are 5% non-denominational and 2% Muslim. Another 2% of the population did not provide any information about their creed.
Origin - nationality
Of the 1,300 residents, 1,199 (92.2%) were Swiss citizens (as of the end of 2009). At the last census in 2000, 1,112 were Swiss nationals. The largest groups of immigrants come from Serbia-Montenegro (mostly Serbs and Montenegrins; few Albanians), Germany and Bosnia-Herzegovina.
politics
The municipal assembly is legislative and the seven-person council is executive. The mayor is Marcel Conzett (as of 2017).
economy
With around 600 employees, the largest employers in town and in the whole of Prättigau are the factories of the Trumpf Group , which have been located in Grüsch since 1980 . Around it, the Innozet start-up center, a subsidiary of the Wittenstein company and the Gritec company offer additional jobs for highly qualified employees. The Lietha commercial mill, founded in 1854, was the largest grain mill in Graubünden (closed in 2011).
traffic
Grüsch is on the Landquart – Davos Platz railway line of the Rhaetian Railway . Postbus connections lead from Grüsch train station to Seewis , Valzeina , Fanas and Landquart .
The village has been bypassed by Prättigauer Strasse since 1984 . Due to the short travel times to the workplaces in the Graubünden Rhine Valley and Chur , Grüsch is an attractive place to live for commuters.
tourism
Until the end of the 1960s, tourism played practically no role in Grüsch. In 1969 the Bergbahnen Grüsch-Danusa AG were founded in order to develop the snow-safe, shady slope to the left of the Landquart as a winter sports area. Today the company operates two gondola lifts ( Schwänzelegg mountain station in the Furna municipality, 1777 m), three ski lifts, a 4-seater chairlift, a mountain hut and a ski and snowboard school. There is also an ice rink, cross-country trails and winter hiking trails. A traditional and a modern hotel are available for accommodation.
Attractions
- The four mansions built in the 16th and 17th centuries by the von Salis and von Ott families dominate the compact village center .
- Above the village are the ruins of Solavers Castle ( belonging to Seewis ).
- The Haus zum Rosengarten , set up as a cultural center by the foundation of the same name, houses the Prättigau local history museum and a library.
- The reformed village church is a listed building .
Personalities
- Bartholomäus Anhorn the Younger (1616–1700), 1634 Protestant Reformed pastor and historian in Grüsch
literature
- Otto Clavuot: Grüsch. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Erwin Poeschel : The art monuments of the canton of Graubünden II. The valley communities Herrschaft, Prättigau, Davos, Schanfigg, Churwalden, Albula valley. (= Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 9). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1937. DNB 811066703 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Lexicon of Swiss municipality names . Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Frauenfeld / Lausanne 2005, p. 416.