Batsian language
| Batsisch | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Spoken in |
Georgia | |
| speaker | approx. 3,400 | |
| Linguistic classification |
||
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639 -1 |
- |
|
| ISO 639 -2 |
cau |
|
| ISO 639-3 |
bbl |
|
The Batese language (also Tsova-Tush ; own name bacbur mott ) belongs together with Chechen and Ingush (the Vejnach languages ) to the Nachish branch of the ( Northeast Caucasian ) Nautical-Dagestani languages.
Batsisch is not a written language and is spoken by no more than around 3,400 people in Tusheti or in the village of Zemo-Alvani in Georgia .
Linguistic characteristics
In contrast to the Vejnach languages (which only have 6 classes ), Batsic has 8 nominal classes as well as a personal conjugation , which is not mandatory . Batsisch is an ergative language . Noteworthy is the phenomenon of suffix inclusion .
Phonology
Consonants
| bilabial | alveolar |
post- alveolar |
palatal | velar | uvular |
phase- ryngal |
glottal | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ej. | sl. | sh. | ej. | sl. | sh. | ej. | sl. | sh. | ej. | sl. | sh. | ej. | sl. | sh. | ej. | sl. | sh. | ej. | sl. | sh. | ej. | sl. | sh. | |
| Plosives | pʼ | p | b | tʼ | t | d | k ' | k | G | qʼ | q | ʔ | ||||||||||||
| Affricates | ts' | ts | dz | tʃʼ | tʃ | dʒ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fricatives | f | v | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | x | ɣ | H | ʕ | H | |||||||||||||
| Nasals | m | n | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vibrants | r | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| lateral approximants | ɫ | l | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| central approximants | j | |||||||||||||||||||||||
literature
- Bol'šaja Sovetskaja Ėnciklopedija ( Great Soviet Encyclopedia ). 3. Edition. 1969-78.
- Ju. D. Dešeriev: Bacbijskij jazyk . Moscow 1953 (in Russian).
- Adolf Dirr: Introduction to the study of the Caucasian languages . Asia Major publishing house , Leipzig 1928 (reprinted 1978).
- Dee Ann Holisky et al. Rusudan Gagua: Tsova-Tush (Batsbi) . In: Rieks Smeets (Ed.): The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus . Vol. 4: The North East Caucasian languages II . Caravan Books, Delmar (New York) 1994.
- Georgij A. Klimov: Introduction to Caucasian Linguistics . Buske, Hamburg 1994 (1986) (translated from Russian and edited by Jost Gippert).