Blankenfelde (Blankenfelde-Mahlow)

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Blankenfelde
Community Mahlow
Blankenfelde coat of arms
Coordinates: 52 ° 19 ′ 53 ″  N , 13 ° 23 ′ 39 ″  E
Area : 12.26 km²
Residents : 11,810  (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 963 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15827
Area code : 03379

Blankenfelde is a district of the municipality Blankenfelde-Mahlow in the district of Teltow-Fläming in the state of Brandenburg . Blankenfelde was an independent municipality until October 25, 2003.

location

The municipality of Blankenfelde-Mahlow borders in the north with the district Mahlow on Berlin-Lichterfelde . Blankenfelde is located southwest of Mahlow and borders in the west on Diedersdorf , a district of the municipality of Großbeeren . To the south is the Blankenfelde-Mahlower district Jühnsdorf , to the east the further district of Dahlewitz . It separates Blankenfelde from the fifth district, Groß Kienitz .

History and etymology

14th to 15th century

Blankenfelde village church

The municipality states on its website that the name is derived from Slavic and means something like "settlement in the valley" or "settlement on open, light terrain". Blankenfelde was first mentioned in a document in Charles IV's land register in 1375. At that time, the Angerdorf was 50 hooves in size, of which the pastor owned three hooves. The gentlemen von der Liepe had 14 free hooves to fall back on, while the other residents, including 15 Kötterhöfe, had to pay taxes. There was also a jug and a mill. The presence of the parish hooves corresponds to the information in the Dehio manual that the village church was built in the second half of the 13th century. The von der Liepe family held the upper and lower courts as well as the church patronage and performed car services. Rent, interest and payment were raised from all Hufen in 1375, later only over parts of Blankenfelde. In 1416 the proportion of those from Liepe had increased to 10 hooves. In 1450 the Röbel family appeared with 13.5 hooves and before 1450 the Milow family with another 6.5 free hooves. The ownership structure remained complex, because in 1451 the von Hake family owned a further 13.5 hooves and before 1451 the von Flans zu Altglienicke and Großmachnow family had 28 hooves. They received two shares in the higher and lower jurisdiction as well as in the patronage. At the same time, two Kötterhöfe were desolate . In 1480 the area was a total of 53 hooves. The pastor now held four hooves, that of Liepe 8.5, the Röbel family 13.5 and the Milow family 6.5. Four hooves lay desolate, the other 31 paid interest. There was also a jug and a mill. The von Milow gave their share in 1484 to the von Schlabbrendorff zu Beuthen. The family received 6.5 free hooves and a quarter of the patronage.

16th and 17th centuries

Forge from 1540

The von Flans family owned 28 hooves and received two parts at the upper and lower courts and at the patronage. In addition to the miller, there was a blacksmith for the first time. In 1553 two sheep farms appeared in the documents for the first time. In 1570, one belonged to the Schlabbrendorff family, as well as a Vorwerk, the other to the von Flans family. The von Liepe farm was still 8.5 hooves in size and had a windmill (1565 and 1620). The remaining portion of the von Milow was transferred to a citizen Eggert zu Berlin in 1570, but he only held it until 1577. Subsequently, von Hake also took over these shares until 1652. In 1621 the von Borgsdorff family came to the place as heirs of a share of Blankenfelde as "accessories" from Großmachnow. In 1624 there were 11 hufners , eight kötter (including the miller), a tenant shepherd, a shepherd and a blacksmith. Three hooves went off one yard, which an A. Hoe gave freely. The Thirty Years War also led to considerable devastation in Blankenfelde. In 1652 only three peasants with a farmhand and a boy lived in the village. The documents also listed three pooches and a stepson. After the war, the Borgsdorff shares were transferred to von Schlabbrendorff. Until 1692 they held a total of 28 hooves with two parts on the upper and lower court and the sheep farm.

18th to 19th century

Good Blankenfelde

In 1711 there were six inhabited Hufner and six inhabited Kötter. A blacksmith, a miller, a shepherd, a servant, a shepherd, as well as a large and a small servant, a boy and a couple of householders worked in the village. For the first time a manor appeared. In 1745 there were six farmers and six kötter, a pitcher and a windmill. 16 gables (= residential houses) are known from the year 1771. There was a miller, a blacksmith, a shepherd, a shepherd, a foreman, a middle farmhand and a small farmhand. They all paid eight groschen interest for a total of 29 hooves.

In 1800 a Baron von Eckardstein took over the Liepschen share and held it until 1824. In 1801 the place had grown to four whole farmers, ten Ganzkötter, eleven residents as well as a forge, a jug and a windmill. For the first time a forester appeared who managed 200 acres of wood. At that time the estate was 28 hooves in size, plus 30 knight hooves with a total of 30 fireplaces (= households). Blankenfelde had belonged to the Teltow district in the Prussian province of Brandenburg since 1817 . From 1824 to 1864 a Count von Häseler was the owner of the village and knight's seat. In 1840 there were 31 houses in the village and manor. In 1849 the jurisdiction changed from the Patrimonial Court under Mittenwalde to the District Court of Berlin. In 1858, 15 farm owners and a tenant with 50 servants and maids and 54 day laborers lived in the village. There were 12 part-time farmers with six male and female servants, 29 workers and nine servants. There are a total of 27 properties in Blankenfelde. The manor was by far the largest possession with 2894 acres. Thirteen more were 30 to 300 acres (totaling 1225 acres), nine more were between 5 and 30 acres (totaling 212 acres) and four were under 5 acres (totaling 14 acres). Blankenfelde had four arms at that time. In 1860 Blankenfelde consisted of 33 residential buildings and 49 farm buildings, including a flour mill. There were also three public buildings. A total of 4,365 acres were farmed: 2,248 acres were arable land, 1,093 acres of forest, 582 acres of meadow, 400 acres of pasture, 22 acres of garden land and 20 acres of farms. The manor had a total of 13 residential buildings and 7 farm buildings, including a distillery. From 1879 to 1906 the district court Berlin II was responsible for the place.

20th century

Consumption in Blankenfelde, 1959

In 1900 there were 51 houses in the village, cultivating 475 hectares of land and eight other houses in the manor, cultivating 766 hectares. In 1906 the jurisdiction changed again and until 1945 it was at the Berlin-Tempelhof District Court. In the First World War, a military hospital was built in the manor house. In 1928 the manor was united with the community and in October of that year it was bought by the Süd-Berlin Bodenaktiengesellschaft, parceled out and mainly sold to Berlin settlers. Another buyer is the Gagfah , which built a larger settlement in the 1930s. Blankenfelde was still characterized by agriculture. In 1931, 1257 hectares were still cultivated. In 1939 there was a farm that cultivated more than 100 hectares. 12 other holdings were 20 to 100 hectares, eight holdings 10 to 20 hectares, six holdings five to 10 hectares and 34 holdings 0.5 to five hectares. Blankenfelde benefits from its proximity to Berlin and its population: from 288 people in 1840 to 742 in 1925. In 1932 the community had the Mahlower expansion, block Blankenfelde block on Dahlwitzer Chaussee, block C block the Jühnsdorfer Chaussee and the Eigenes Heim and Glasower Block developments.

After World War II , the manor was demolished on the basis of SMAD Order No. 209 . 147 hectares were expropriated, 116 hectares of which were divided. There were 326 farms, which together should manage just 47 hectares. A further 20 farms had received a total of 26 hectares and five farms were 33 hectares available. Another farm received 10 hectares. The strong fragmentation in Blankenfelde also meant that a Type I LPG was founded in 1953 with initially only six members and 37 hectares of agricultural land. It was converted into a Type III LPG in 1954. In 1950 there was a living space at Kolonie Wildwest in the community; the place received its own train station. In 1952, Blankenfelde came to the Zossen district in the GDR district of Potsdam . In 1956 VEB Pharma Blankenfelde was founded with 99 employees. In 1961 LPG Type III already had 117 members and farmed 992 hectares. There was also a type I LPG with 25 members and 90 hectares. The LPG Type III merged with the LPG Type III in Mahlow in 1960. In 1966 the LPGs Type I followed in Blankenfelde and Diedersdorf, which were merged into the LPG Type III Blankenfelde-Mahlow. Also of economic importance were VEB Elektrogeräte, founded in 1973, VEB Fliesenleger und Plattenbau Zossen, VEB Wärmetechnik Zossen, PGH Fernseh-Radio Berlin with the joinery division and some horticultural companies. On the night of May 7th or 8th, 1978 a technical defect occurred in the church, which led to a destroyed fire. The building was rebuilt and in 1981 the church passed back.

After the fall of the Berlin Wall , the official administration moved its headquarters to Blankenfelde in January 1992. In 1993, Blankenfelde came to the Teltow-Fläming district with the district reform. The community of Blankenfelde-Mahlow was created on October 26, 2003 through the merger of the five previously independent communities of Blankenfelde, Dahlewitz , Groß Kienitz , Jühnsdorf and Mahlow.

Population development

Population development in Blankenfelde from 1734 to 1971
year 1734 1772 1801 1817 1840 1858 1895 1925 1939 1946 1964 1971
Residents 166 204 181 162 288 Village: 291, Good: 132 Village: 397, Good: 112 742 6228 6667 6811 7177

coat of arms

The coat of arms shows a red lion with a golden shield with a blank field and reminds of the Lords of Liepe. Underneath is a rafter which , as a heraldic settlement symbol, points to the development of the place.

Sights and culture

traffic

Blankenfelde station

Blankenfelde is connected to the eastbound federal highway 96 via Glasow . It provides a connection to the federal motorway 10 running south . There is a connection to the federal highway 101 via the Landstrasse 40 , as well as the federal highway 115 in Potsdam .

The station Blank field is two regional train lines, and a train-line served. The bus network is very well developed and enables connections to numerous neighboring towns, such as Mahlow or Dahlewitz. The bus hub is at Blankenfelde train station

Individual evidence

  1. Blankenfelde-Mahlow / Dahlewitz. Retrieved April 13, 2020 .
  2. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003

literature

  • Lieselott Enders , Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part IV: Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.
  • Georg Dehio (edited by Gerhard Vinken et al.): Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .

Web links

Commons : Blankenfelde  - collection of images, videos and audio files