Dahlewitz
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Dahlewitz
Community Mahlow
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| Height : | 44 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 10.33 km² |
| Residents : | 2231 (Jun. 30, 2018) |
| Population density : | 216 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | October 26, 2003 |
| Postal code : | 15827 |
| Area code : | 033708 |
 Village green in Dahlewitz
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Dahlewitz is a district of the municipality Blankenfelde-Mahlow in the district of Teltow-Fläming ( Brandenburg ) with 2231 inhabitants .
Dahlewitz was an independent municipality until October 25, 2003.
location
Dahlewitz is located approx. 6 km south of the city limits of Berlin and approx. 10 km west of Berlin-Schönefeld Airport .
History and etymology
14th to 17th centuries
The name Dahlewitz is derived from the Slavic Dolovica or Dolovec, settlement in the valley (Schlimpert, 1972). On February 24, 1305 , Margrave Hermann and his vassal, the knight Busso Gruelhut, transferred the patronage right over the church in Villa Dolwiz to the Benedictine monastery of Spandau . In 1318 Margrave Waldemar sold 8 hooves in Dolewicz to Walter von Havelland, from whom they then passed into the possession of the Marienkirche in Berlin (see below). In 1340 Dahlewitz was a daughter church of Groß Kienitz.
According to Charles IV's land register from 1375 , the village of Dolewitz (other spellings were Dolewytz and Dolewiz ) had 50 hooves, 4 of which were parish hooves, but only 2 of which were free hooves. Cuno Wederingen had 6 free hooves and had to do vassal services to the margrave . The Schulze also had 6 free hooves, but he had to keep the feudal horse for Cuno Wederingen. Mr. Johannes Albi, clergyman in the Marienkirche in Berlin, had 8 free hooves "with all rights" ("have ... 8 mansos liberos cum omni iure, ...") for the altar, which he presided, but not the carriage services. But Nicolaus Sunde and Jacob Sunde were allowed to collect the interest on the 8 hooves of Johannes Albi. An altar in the Nikolaikirche in Berlin had 5 free hooves. Each interest-bearing hoof had to give 8 bushels of rye and 8 bushels of oats in lease and 2 shillings in interest, as well as 5 shillings bede (tax), which went to Wusterhausen Castle. Nicolaus Sunde, citizen of Berlin, was entitled to the lease and the interest of 12 Hufen, of which 6 Hufen were a fief of the taverns of Teupitz (?) ("The Pincera"), and 6 Hufen were a fief of those of Luckenwalde. Jacob Sune von Teupitz had rent and interest of 11 Hufen. There were 8 farms , but only one of them was occupied. This gave the peasantry 1 shilling. The jug had to deliver 15 shillings and half a talent of pepper to Schulzen. The margrave had high and low jurisdiction, the bede and the carriage services . Each hoof had to deliver half a bushel of rye, half a bushel of barley and half a bushel of oats to Wusterhausen Castle annually. The mill finally had to give 10 schillings to the margravial castle in Wusterhausen.
At the beginning of the 15th century, the village of Dalewicz came to Konrad von Schlieben as a fief , and then before 1428 to that of Wilmersdorf. They were also enfeoffed with the desolate Feldmark of two Neyendorffs , which were probably absorbed in the Feldmark Dahlewitz. In 1450, the margrave still owned a few taxes, who pledged them to his master chef Ullrich Zeuschel that year. The pastor owned four of the 50 hooves. This year the name Dalewitz appeared for the first time . 1450 and 1480 are the v. Willmersdorf owner of the village and a manor that has now grown to 10 hooves. In 1527/29 the patronage was still due to the monastery in Spandau. After the Reformation and the dissolution of the monastery, the right of patronage came to the von Otterstedt family in 1522, who in the 16th century also owned the village until 1785. In 1624 there were 10 Hüfner, three Kötter, a shepherd, a blacksmith and a shepherd. During the Thirty Years' War , the von Otterstedts were able to increase their property by buying peasant hooves; the manor had grown to 12 hooves in 1652 and was to rise to 30 hooves by 1801. Nevertheless, Dahlewitz was also badly affected by the acts of war and so only one farmer and three kötter lived in the village in 1652. The construction of the manor house also fell under the rule of the von Otterstedts. The exact construction period is not known, but there is a stone in the village church with an inscription that mentions the manor house and the year 1689. In this year, the start of construction, completion or another important construction phase was probably written down. Another documentary mention of the knight's seat refers to the year 1686. A windmill and a vineyard are also mentioned there. The building owner was Elisabeth von Graevenitz, his wife Joachim von Otterstedt. It is also conceivable that it was a previous building.
18th to 19th century
In 1771 there were 12 gables (= houses), a blacksmith, a shepherd, a shepherd, a boy and a servant in the village. They farmed 28 hooves and had to pay 8 groschen levies each. In 1773 a private windmill appeared. At the end of the 18th century Ernst Joachim von Otterstedt got into financial difficulties and had to sell the estate to Carl Magnus von Zülow on Clemzig for 33,000 thalers in 1785 . A brewery, a starch factory and a brick factory were built on the estate under his leadership. From 1793 until after 1817 the widow Öhlgardt, born von Zülow zu Clemzig, took over the estate. In 1801 there were four whole farmers, five half farmers, two Ganzkötter, six residents, a smithy, a jug and a windmill. The forester had 150 acres of wood. There were also 26 fireplaces (= households). In 1835 an inn, the Lindenhof, was built. In 1838 the place was connected to the Provinzial-Chausee Berlin- Cottbus , the former Bundesstraße 96 . In 1840 a new school building was built in the village at Dorfstrasse 10. In order to be able to transport peat , von Zülow had the Notteniederung drained through the Zülow ditch named after him, which was expanded into the Zülow Canal in 1856/1857 . Although Carl Magnus was able to increase the value of the property considerably, his heirs later went bankrupt and changed owners. In 1810 the estate was even the main prize of a goods lottery and subsequently passed into civil ownership. From 1830 a lawyer named Samson, from 1850 the Berlin wholesaler Alois Gilka as the owner. He was followed in 1856 by the bailiff Engelhardt. At that time there were eight farm owners in the village with 16 servants and maidservants. There were also six part-time farmers with two male servants and maids. There were also four workers, two servants and 14 possessions. Eight of them farmed 30 to 300 acres (713 acres total), one was 16 acres, and five other properties were less than 15 acres that made up 13 acres. A butcher, a tailor, a cartwright and an apprentice worked in the village. There was a merchant, a jug and eight arms. 15 servants and maids as well as 49 day laborers and four servants worked in the manor, which is 2945 acres in size. In 1860 there were 27 farm buildings, including a flour mill, as well as 15 residential and two public buildings in the village. They farmed 864 acres . Of this, 425 acres were arable land, there were 208 acres of pasture and peat, 106 acres of forest, 76 acres of meadows and 22 acres of farms. There were also 24 farm buildings including a distillery and 10 residential buildings in the manor. It consisted of 2954 acres, including 1825 acres of arable land, 850 acres of forest, 216 acres of meadow, 23 acres of pasture, 31 acres of garden land and nine acres of homesteads. Shortly afterwards the owner changed again; A Herr von Unruh is known from the period from 1865 to 1870. In 1896, Dahlewitz came through other owners from cabinet councilor Eduard Friedländer to the Berlin architect and secret building officer Wilhelm Böckmann for 650,000 marks . He expanded Dahlewitz into a model estate with an estate railway. This had an electric drive and transported agricultural products to the Berlin – Dresden railway line . He also had a large water tower built in 1897 with a capacity of around 20,000 liters to supply the usable areas and parks. Due to its enormous size, the building became a landmark that was eventually included in the municipality's coat of arms. Böckmann also had a warehouse, a distillery and a wheelwright built. A four-sided courtyard was created in conjunction with a Swiss house ; the manor house was rebuilt.
20th century
In 1900 the village was 231 hectares, the manor 775 hectares; there were 33 houses in the village and 10 houses in the manor. Böckmann died in 1902 and his son, Carl Böckmann, sold around 100 hectares as building land in the 1920s . In 1907/1908 a new school building was built in Bahnhofstrasse. In 1921 a sports club was founded, and in 1924 the volunteer fire brigade. The architect Bruno Taut lived in the village from 1921 to 1933 . He had a house built on Wiesenstrasse that will be a listed building in the 21st century. In 1928 the estate in Dahlewitz was also dissolved and incorporated into the village. Together, was district in 1931 large total of 1,010 hectares; there were 97 apartment buildings. In 1939 there was an agricultural and forestry business with more than 100 hectares. Four farms cultivated 20 to 100 hectares, three more 10 to 20 hectares. A further nine farms were available from 0.5 to 5 hectares. 1940 Dahlewitz received a connection to the S-Bahn to Rangsdorf .
During the Second World War in 1943, bombs destroyed the transverse structures parallel to the manor house and other buildings. The estate came under Soviet administration from 1945 to 1946 , after which 634 hectares were expropriated as part of the land reform and distributed to new farmers, farm workers and peasants with little land. On May 18, 1952, a second track between Rangsdorf and Blankenfelde was put into operation. This improved the transport connection again, as continuous traffic between Rangsdorf and Velten was now possible. In the course of the district reform, Dahlewitz came to the Zossen district in the Potsdam district on July 13, 1952 . The manor park was opened to the public, but in 1956 it fell to forestry after a lack of maintenance. During the GDR era, a machine lending station (MAS) was built on the manor , while part of the stables was used as a workshop and garage. The MAS was converted into a machine-tractor station in 1952. After founding an LPG with Type I in 1958, she took care of the repair of agricultural machinery. The LPG initially comprised nine members who jointly cultivated 63 hectares of agricultural land. The MTS was merged with another LPG in 1961 and converted into a district operation for agricultural engineering. The resulting cooperative cultivated a total of 556 hectares with 86 members. After the Berlin Wall was built , S-Bahn traffic had to be stopped. On February 26, 1962, a new connection to Schönefeld was put into operation, which enabled a continuous connection to Wünsdorf from May 26, 1963 . In 1967 the LPG became fully cooperative animal and plant production. 1974 (1973?) Opened a large bakery in town with the VEB Backwarenkombinat. In the same year the LPG was merged with the LPG in Groß Kienitz and LPG Groß Kienitz-Dahlewitz, based in Dahlewitz. In 1985 the Polytechnic High School opened on Bahnhofstrasse. It was named after Hans Marchwitza , a German working-class poet, writer and communist. Just a year later, an observatory opened at the school . In the same year the inn opened after extensive renovation; In 1988 a BHG sales point at the train station and a hotel cinema in the inn.
After the reunification , the manor came to a private owner in the early 1990s. The POS was converted into a primary and comprehensive school in 1991. In the same year the LPG dissolved and was converted into an agricultural cooperative. An industrial park was created in which BMW Rolls-Royce GmbH started operations as the largest investor in 1993 . In 1994 the dome of the water tower at the manor house was renovated; There was no financial means for further repairs. In 1995, a Van der Valk Group hotel opened on the Berliner Ring . In the same year the library moved to the BHG building at the train station and the war memorial erected in 1925 was renovated. From 1997 the historic village Dahlewitz association campaigned for the redevelopment of the estate park, which could be realized in the years 2009/2010 with funds from compensatory measures for the construction of the Berlin Brandenburg airport . Parts of the Diedersdorfer Heide and Großbeerener Graben protected landscape areas are part of the district. In the same year, extensive renovation and construction work began in the place. The sewer pipes were renewed, the streets were newly paved, a fire station was built and the day-care center was rebuilt. The community built 24 residential units; the village green was redesigned and the churchyard wall was rebuilt. At the same time, a sports facility with floodlights and irrigation was built. A community center was created in the premises of the former Raiffeisenbank in the BHG building. The Dahlewitz School and Public Observatory Association was founded on November 16, 1998 . At the end of the busy year, however, the BHG store also closed on December 31, 1998.
21st century
In 2001 a further 3.8 km of the road network were renewed. Around 80% of the industrial area was built on. In the same year there was a fire at the manor house, which then fell into disrepair. Until the local elections on October 26, 2003, the community of Dahlewitz belonged to the Rangsdorf office. From this point on, Dahlewitz became a part of the newly created community of Blankenfelde-Mahlow. From 2002 to 2004, the renovation work in the place continued. The mourning hall in the cemetery was repaired, additions and alterations to the church were renovated, the roof was re-covered and other streets were connected to a central sewage network; a community center was built, which was opened on February 24, 2005 in memory of the first mention of the place on February 24, 1305. The 700th anniversary took place on June 11th and 12th.
In 2005, the parents' party was founded in Dahlewitz , which achieved a respectable success in the state elections in Saxony-Anhalt in 2006 with 1.6 percent of the votes. With a new construction of the federal highway 96 between Dahlewitz and Mahlow in 2006 a considerable reduction of the through traffic could be achieved. In 2007 the secondary school in Dahlewitz closed after a sharp drop in the number of pupils. The primary school was also closed and opened as an independent school in Mahlow. The Rolls-Royce Technology and Research Center opened in 2008 . In 2009, construction began on a new sports hall, which was opened to the public in 2010. To remove a level crossing at Dahlewitz station as part of the expansion of the Berlin – Dresden railway line , the reception building there was demolished in spring 2014.
Population development
| Population development in Dahlewitz from 1734 to 1971 | ||||||||||||||||||
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| year | 1734 | 1772 | 1801 | 1817 | 1840 | 1858 | 1895 | 1925 | 1939 | 1946 | 1964 | 1971 | ||||||
| Residents | 124 | 154 | 130 | 158 | 181 | Village: 105, Good: 151 | 270 | 587 | 1628 | 1700 | 1939 | 1929 | ||||||
politics
coat of arms
The coat of arms was designed by the heraldist Frank Diemar . In its center, it shows the manor's water tower, built around 1900, which was probably designed by the then landowner, the architect Wilhelm Böckmann.
Sights and culture
- The rectangular stone church with a transverse west tower and later added mansion box and crypt on the south side of the choir stands on the village green. It is very likely that the current church building (and not a previous building) was already in place around 1305 when the church in Dahlewitz was first mentioned in a document. The start of construction of the nave and west tower (up to eaves height) can therefore be dated to the end of the 13th century. Presumably in the 15th century, the west tower was bricked up in two phases to its current height. In the second half of the 17th century, a mansion box with an underlying crypt was added to the south side. In 1861 the interior with the altar, stalls, pulpit and baptismal font was renovated. In 1895 the tower's woodwork had to be replaced. At that time the tower still had a pointed, approx. 8.60 m high ridge turret on the hipped transverse roof. In 1943/1944 the church was badly damaged in air raids and the roof was destroyed. By 1948, however, the worst damage had been repaired. In 1964 the chancel was redesigned and in 1975 the stained glass windows were inserted into the baroque window openings on the east side. In 1998 the churchyard wall was repaired again.
- The Dahlewitz manor house was built around 1800. The two-storey building was expanded to include a distillery and a water tower at the end of the 19th century. The manor house was badly damaged in a fire in 2001 and has been falling into disrepair ever since.
- The expressionist architect Bruno Taut lived some time in Dahlewitz in a house designed by him before his emigration.
economy
The Dahlewitz industrial park is conveniently located just north of the motorway junction ( Rangsdorf ). It offers around 1,800 jobs on an area of around 60 hectares. The largest company there is Rolls-Royce Germany (aircraft engines, including for the Airbus A350 and the Bombardier Global 7000). Another well-known company is u. a. Hildebrandt & Bartsch based in the industrial park. The Dahlback large bakery is also located in the Dahlewitz district - outside the industrial park . In addition, the record label Wannsee Records ( Lola Angst , Digital Factor , Angelzoom ) of Blind Passengers founding member Nik Page is based in Dahlewitz.
traffic
Road traffic
Dahlewitz is located on the B 96 and is approx. 3 kilometers from the A 10 motorway ( Berliner Ring ).
Rail transport
The Dahlewitz stop is on the Berlin – Dresden railway line . The RE 5 and RE 7 lines stop in Dahlewitz; they are currently operated by DB Regio AG on behalf of the Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB) for the north-south network (RE 5) and the light rail network (RE 7) .
The Gutsbahn Dahlewitz also existed earlier .
Local public transport
The public transport is the public transport company Teltow-Fläming guaranteed mbH (VTF), this is a member company of the Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB).
Dahlewitz is located in Wabe 5955 of the VBB and is within the VBB tariff area C of Berlin .
Personalities, sons and daughters of the place
- Corinna Drews (* 30th January 1962 in Berlin as Corinna Gillwald ) actress and fashion model .
- Nikolai von Michalewsky (born January 17, 1931 - December 27, 2000), writer
societies
- Association of the Dahlewitz Volunteer Fire Brigade
- Sports club Blau-Weiß Dahlewitz
- Association of the Historic Village of Dahlewitz
- School and public observatory in Dahlewitz
Individual evidence
- ↑ Blankenfelde-Mahlow / Dahlewitz. Retrieved January 28, 2020 .
- ↑ http://www.blankenfelde-mahlow.de/Die-Gemeinde/Ortsteile/Dahlewitz
- ↑ News in brief - Railway . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . September 2014, p. 178 .
- ↑ Ulrike Ebner: Triebwerke from Dahlewitz. In: aerokurier No. 11/2018, pp. 34-37
- ↑ Rolls-Royce is expanding its Brandenburg location: Boost for the Airbus A350 comes from Dahlewitz. In: FliegerRevue No. 8/2017, pp. 24–25
- ↑ Google Maps. Retrieved January 1, 2018 .
- ↑ Advantic Systemhaus GmbH: Mahlow / regional and S-Bahn. Retrieved January 1, 2018 .
- ↑ Contract for the north-south network awarded - More quality in regional transport through competition / Press / Press archive / 2012-02: VBB - Everything is accessible. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 2, 2018 ; accessed on January 1, 2018 .
- ↑ DVV Media Group GmbH: VBB / Netz Stadtbahn: Contract awarded - ODEG drives with Stadler vehicles . In: Eurailpress . ( eurailpress.de [accessed on January 1, 2018]).
- ^ Verkehrsgesellschaft Teltow-Fläming mbH: Verkehrsgesellschaft Teltow-Fläming - data facts. Retrieved January 1, 2018 .
- ^ Verkehrsgesellschaft Teltow-Fläming mbH: Verkehrsgesellschaft Teltow-Fläming - Tickets. Retrieved January 17, 2018 .
- ↑ General information on the tariff areas - BVG.de. Retrieved January 1, 2018 .
literature
- Hans Erich Kubach, Joachim Seeger: The architectural and art monuments of the province of Mark Brandenburg, Teltow district. German Art Publishing House, Berlin 1941.
- Lieselott Enders , Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part IV: Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.
- Working group historic village Dahlewitz (Ed.): Dahlewitz in words and pictures. Dahlewitz 1996.
- Gerhard Schlimpert: Brandenburg name book. Part 3: The place names of the Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1972.
- Hiltrud and Carsten Preuß: The manor houses and manors in the Teltow-Fläming district , Lukas Verlag für Kunst- und Geistesgeschichte, 1st edition, November 29, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86732-100-6 , p. 244
