Bornholmer Strasse

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Bornholmer Strasse
Street in Berlin
Bornholmer Strasse
The tracks of the M13 line are in a separate central position on Bornholmer Straße
Basic data
place Berlin
Districts Prenzlauer Berg
Gesundbrunnen
Created around 1900
Newly designed 1990
Hist. Names Straße 1, Section XI of
the Hobrecht Plan
Name received August 22, 1903
Connecting roads Osloer Straße (west) ,
Wisbyer Straße (east),
part of the C-ring route
Cross streets Schönhauser Allee (O) ,
Seelower Straße (S) ,
Gotlandstraße (N) ,
Schönfließer Straße (S) ,
Stavanger Straße (N) ,
Aalesunder Straße (N) ,
Driesener Straße (S) ,
Nordkapstraße (N) ,
Bergener Straße (N ) ,
Andersenstrasse (N) ,
Malmöer Strasse (S) ,
Björnsonstrasse (N) ,
Norweger Strasse (S) ,
Sonderburger Strasse  (S) ,
Jülicher Strasse (S) ,
Grüntaler Strasse (W)
Places November 9th 1989 square
Numbering system Horseshoe numbering
Buildings Bösebrücke over
Nordbahn / Stettiner Bahn
S-Bahn station Bornholmer Strasse
use
User groups Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic ,
public transport : M 13
Road design Commemorative plaque for the opening of the Wall in 1989 at the former Bornholmer Strasse border crossing , hinterland wall (north)
Technical specifications
Street length 1540 meters

The Bornholmer Strasse in Berlin connecting the districts Gesundbrunnen ( district center ) and Prenzlauer Berg ( Pankow ) and by the Danish Baltic Sea island of Bornholm named. The 1.5 kilometer road begins in the west at the intersection Oslo / Grüntaler road crosses the railway station Bornholmer Strasse by the Bösebrücke the routes of Northern Railway and Szczecin train before sending it to the intersection with Schönhauser Allee in the Wisbyer road passes.

Bornholmer Strasse became particularly well-known when the border crossing of the same name east of the bridge was opened as the first border crossing for GDR citizens on November 9, 1989, the day the Wall came down .

Bornholmer Strasse, dedicated on August 2, 1903 , is part of the outer ring road recorded in the Hobrecht plan of 1862. There the street 1 / XI is named as an extension of the Christianiastraße from Völkerstraße and Grünthaler Straße, between which the Stettiner Bahn was located.

location

Aerial photo of the course of Bornholmer Strasse from Schönhauser Allee (left) to Bösebrücke (right)
Bornholmer Strasse

The eastern part of Bornholmer Straße is the main thoroughfare through the Nordic Quarter , which extends east of the Bornholmer Straße S-Bahn station and closes the Prenzlauer Berg district to the north. The road ring and the connection between the two parts of Bornholmer Strasse (330 meters in Gesundbrunnen and 1070 meters in Prenzlauer Berg) was closed in 1916 with the construction of the almost 140-meter-long Hindenburg Bridge (since 1948: Bösebrücke ). With the expansion of the northern outskirts after 1900 to the Weichbild boundary towards the rural community of Pankow, the importance of the road connection increased. Ultimately, the plans to continue the cross streets to the north were not implemented, and garden areas remained up to the Eschengraben. During the time of East Berlin as the capital of the GDR , numerous embassy buildings were built as type buildings on the northern edge of the district after 1970, some of which are still used as embassy buildings. The Bornholm elementary school is located on Ibsenstraße and was built as the 49th and 51st elementary school as the number of residents increased until 1914.

The properties at Bornholmer Strasse 1–21 and 65–96 are in Prenzlauer Berg, 38–54 in Gesundbrunnen.

The cross streets of Bornholmer Straße are from west to east

The Bösebrücke leads the road over the routes of the Nordbahn and Szczecin Railway . At the western end of Bornholmer Straße, the gardens 'Sandkrug II' and 'Wiesengrund' are bordered on the north side to the west of the railway (Gesundbrunnen) and east of 'Bornholm I' (founded in 1898, Prenzlauer Berg), on the south side of Gesundbrunner the KGA 'Sandkrug', which has been rededicated as a settlement I '.

The street width is specified and planned as 52.8 meters across the tree-lined median. The width between the connecting bridge built later is 26.9 meters. The Gesundbrunn section has a plan width of 62.8 meters and between the alignment lines of 67.8 meters. By raising the bridge ramps, there is an embankment lowered by four meters in front of plots 41–47. On both bridge ramps, this embankment, rising up to six meters, is less noticeable due to the adjacent garden areas. The implementation of the Norwegerstraße on the east side with the stairs (now in the north: Platz des 9 November 1989) can be seen more clearly. Bornholmer Straße is located on Grüntaler Straße at 43.29 meters and the average height along the eastern section is 48 meters. The bridge approaches are higher at 54.30 meters (west) and 54.87 meters, plus the center of the bridge at 56.60 meters.

Road division and border crossing

Sign at the former border crossing on Bornholmer Strasse (until 1990)
Memorial plaque for the opening

Since it was built, the street had been on both sides of the border between the administrative districts of Wedding and Prenzlauer Berg . When the occupying powers took over the administration in 1945, the western section came to the French and the eastern to the Soviet sector. The Bornholmer Strasse border crossing was one of seven road crossings between East and West Berlin between 1961 and 1990 . Over the years, it was expanded on the eastern side and extended with its border clearance systems between Bornholmer, Norweger, Finnländischer and Malmöer Strasse.

The Bornholmer Strasse border crossing on the Bösebrücke was the first border crossing from East to West Berlin opened on November 9, 1989. After Günter Schabowski's statement, broadcast live on German television at around 7 p.m. at a press conference, that GDR citizens would be given the freedom to travel, to which he added on request that the regulations apply "immediately", was the Bornholmer Strasse border crossing the first border crossing in Berlin, where passport controls were suspended at 11.30 p.m. For the first time, thousands of GDR citizens took the opportunity to enter West Berlin without any formalities. Citizens from West Berlin also used the opportunity to simply “come over” without a pass that night for the first time. To commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall , on the 21st anniversary in 2010, an area on the northern bridge ramp of the Bösebrücke on the wall strip on Bornholmer Strasse was dedicated as November 9th . A memorial stone was also set up.

Development

The properties on Bornholmer Strasse are numbered using horseshoe numbers. The count begins at Schönhauser Allee with property number 1 (together with Schönhauser Allee 99/100) and runs on the north side to number 44. The south side is numbered 50 to 96 (with Schönhauser Allee 101) from west to east. On both sides of Bornholmer Straße there are five-storey apartment buildings that were built until 1910. The residential karees on the south side form green inner courtyards with side buildings, partly with the transverse buildings. In the section to the west of Schönfließer Straße, these blocks are formed with the buildings of Czarnikauer Straße. To the east, the blocks of houses are staggered lower towards Paul-Robeson-Straße (previously: Stolpische Straße ). Corresponding to the old buildings from the turn of the 20th century, the apartments have high rooms between 60 m² and 120 m², there are stucco elements , double doors, parquet floors and imposing staircases. On the ground floor of the residential buildings there are restaurants, retail, small shops, practice and commercial space. The old buildings, some of which still have original heating systems, have been renovated since the 1990s.

A planned development west of Andersen- and Malmöer Straße was only implemented on Sonderburger Straße. Accordingly, there are garden areas and some buildings here. The corner houses are mostly linked to the properties on the side streets and form courtyards with the square buildings. Some plots are divided (9 / 9a, 14 / 14a, 72 / 72a, 75 / 75a, 79-81a) The plots from 22 (to 37) are undeveloped, Bornholmer Straße 38 of the KGA 'Sandkrug' and number 40 of the KGA ' Wiesengrund 'assigned. A daycare center (Städtische Kita Bornholmer Straße 41-44) is housed in house 44 and 45-49 are canceled. The numbering is unused from property 55 to the railway line, the KGA 'Sandkrug I' is located here. The plots from 22 (to 37) are undeveloped, Bornholmer Strasse 38 is assigned to KGA 'Sandkrug' and number 40 to KGA 'Wiesengrund'. On the south side, plots 50 to 54 between Jülicher and Sonderburger Strasse are built on with five-storey residential buildings. The house Bornholmer Strasse 50 / Jülicher Strasse 30 was built around 1912, houses 51–54 in the early 1930s. The square on Glücksburger Strasse in the bbw portfolio has formed a green inner courtyard since construction. The numbering is unused from property 55 to the railway line, the KGA 'Sandkrug I' is located here. From property 55 to the railway line, the numbering is unused, here is the KGA Sandkrug I. On the area between Norweger and Malmöer Strasse, which has meanwhile been used for the border crossing, a residential building with a discount store numbered 65 was built in the 2010s. The two remaining open spaces on the corner of Stavanger and Bornholmer Strasse were built on in 2014 (Stavanger Strasse 1 / Bornholmer Strasse 14) and 2016. In 2016, the site on the northeast corner of Bornholmer Strasse will be the newest to be built on; a building will be built next to House 13, which will be addressed as Stavangerstrasse 2.

Bornholmer Strasse was first entered in the 1905 address book and included six residential buildings for the post district N 20 in the location between Grünthaler Strasse via Nordbahn and Schönhauser Allee. Lot numbering does not yet exist. In the address book of 1904 there is no cross street on Schönhauser Allee between Pankower Feldmark and Stolpischer Straße, but Grünthaler Straße between Christianiastraße and Bornholmer Straße is entered under N 20.

Five years later (address book 1910) Bornholmer Straße with the properties 1–33 and 62–96 in the postal district N 113 and 34–61 is listed as N 20. Apart from Björnsonstrasse (also Strasse 9b ), the cross streets are laid out and built on. Bornholmer Straße is built on plot 1 (belongs to Schönhauser Allee 99/100) to number 19 with inhabited multi-family houses, which mainly extend into the side streets. Beyond Bergener Strasse are 20, 22–24 and (across Strasse 9b) 25–33, as well as beyond Stettiner Bahn 34–40 as a construction site and 21 at the corner of Andersenstrasse is indicated as a new building. Houses 41–44 and 46 are five residential buildings on Grünthaler Strasse, 45 and 47 plus 48 are construction sites. On the south side on plot 49 in front of the street 5a and 50-61 to the Stettiner Bahn and on the other side of the Malmöer street there are also construction sites number 62-71. The following plots 72-96 are (mostly) built with apartment buildings and the residents have already been specified. Except for this, 76 are listed as construction sites, 80 and 81 as well as 89 and 90 as new buildings. 20 to 24 tenants are listed for the rental houses; the corner houses in the side streets are mainly part of the buildings on Bornholmer Strasse.

In the 1930 address book, the Hindenburg Bridge over the Szczecin Railway was first mentioned, which now connects the two branches of the street. In addition, the Norweger Straße along the east side of the railway line and the Ellerbeker Straße project, which, however, resulted in the Sandkrug facility. A similar projected road that accompanies the railway area in the west (Ellerbeker Straße) can be assumed as seen from the S-Bahn station (under the Bösebrücke), but was not realized in the connections through the allotments. The developed land between Schönhauser Allee and Andersenstraße (north side) or Malmöer Straße corresponds (essentially) to the existing development. Between Andersen- and Björnestrasse there is a 22 arbor area, 23–24 construction sites, to the Hindenburgbrücke via street C (unnumbered) and beyond the bridge and the Stettiner Bahn 34–40 with construction sites. On 41–44 there are residential buildings (by the owners named in 1905), of which 42, 43 eight-apartment houses, 45 is for storage, on 46 there is the four-apartment house (owner Richter). Bornholmer Straße 47 (north side) as well as 48 on the south side are indicated as residential buildings on Grünthaler Straße. On the south side Bornholmer Straße 49 belongs to Jülischer Straße 1. The 23-rented apartment building is on plot 50, while 51-53 to Sonderburger, 54-61 to Ellerbeker Straße on the Stettiner Bahn and the Hindenburgbrücke are listed as construction sites, as are those Undeveloped plots 62–71 between Norweger and Malmöer Straße.

traffic

Bösebrücke as seen from the northern railway line, 1988

Bornholmer Strasse and the Bösebrücke connecting it as part of the city ring are very important for road traffic. The burden on the Bösebrücke since the fall of the Berlin Wall required renovation from 2015.

The Bornholmer Straße S-Bahn station is located under the Bösebrücke . It was created in the 1930s to connect Gesundbrunnen with Schönholz . In order to avoid the change in the French sector between the Ringbahn and the direction of Pankow in the Soviet sector, the “Stalin curve” was created in 1952 from Schönhauser Allee to Pankow. With the division of the city in 1961, the stop and use of the station ceased to exist. After the separation of the Berlin S-Bahn network, the trains in the west and east, separated by border security , passed through the station area without stopping. Through the previously crossed track systems, the vehicles on the west side drove past the east side until they were completely separated. Around 1980, the separation in connection with the long-distance railway line was further divided. After the fall of the Berlin Wall , it was refurbished and reopened in 1995 with the expansion and renovation of the “Nordkreuz”.

The M13 and 50 tram lines pass through Bornholmer Straße. The tram route on Bornholmer Strasse was extended in 1995 over the Bösebrücke to the west, initially to Louise-Schröder-Platz and in 1997 to the Virchow Clinic of the Berlin Charité . A tram operated on this route by 1964.

The tram had been running through Bornholmer Strasse since the 1920s, but probably in a lateral position on the southern lane. Tram line 8 ran there. It was a ring line that ran through numerous districts of Berlin. In the 1930s there was also a stretch of line 54 from Schönhauser Allee through Schivelbeiner to Driesener Strasse across Bornholmer Strasse, ending at Nordkapstrasse. After 1945 line 8 continued to run through Bornholmer Strasse, from 1948 line 3.

In 1953, tram traffic was interrupted across the sector boundary . Line 3 in East Berlin was given a turning loop on Björnsonstraße, in West Berlin it ended at Osloer Straße / Grüntaler Straße. Line 3 in West Berlin was closed in 1964.

Others

In the 1920s to 1940s a high-voltage line ( electric transmission line of the Golpa ) ran across the median of Bornholmer Strasse and further over Ostseestrasse.

The Bösebrücke and the tenement house Bornholmer Strasse 89/90 are included in Berlin's list of monuments. In addition to the ensemble, both apartment buildings are part of the ensemble in the list of monuments. Bornholmer Strasse S-Bahn station from 1934–1935 is a listed building. The entire “Berlin Wall, sections of the border wall and watchtowers” ​​is entered in the list as a Berlin monument, and in particular the sub-objects on Bornholmer Strasse because of their commemorative and warning value.

Media reception

Web links

Commons : Bornholmer Straße (Berlin)  - Collection of images

Remarks

  1. In the latest development plan of Berlin 1863 entered as the route of the street 1 from the ring junction with the Stettiner Bahn to Schönhauser Allee south of the Chausseehaus. A plan with road projects is drawn in from the south, nothing is recorded on the north side of the Eschengraben ( soft image boundary ). From Badstrasse there is already a border road before the road 1 project , the route of which continues to the east via road 9 (→ Malmöer Strasse, Nordbahntrasse), which is still planned from Exercierplatz, into the planned route of road 1 to Schönhauser Allee. There are tree nurseries and market gardens on the west side of Schönhauser Allee.
  2. Address books are marked with the year of issue; the status given relates to the previous year.
  3. Construction site refers to parcels for which the owners are included in the cadastre, a statement as to whether there is active or should be built is not made.
  4. In the 1930s, line 8 ran via Christianiastraße (since 1938 Osloer Straße), Seestraße, Alt-Moabit , Kaiserin-Augusta-Allee, past Charlottenburg Palace , Wilmersdorfer Straße , via Kurfürstendamm , into Xantener / Pariser Straße, Hohenstaufen / Goeben- / Yorckstraße , in this guided tour at the Osthafen over the Spree to Warschauer Brücke , Warschauer Straße , Frankfurter Allee into Möllendorffstraße and through Lichtenberg to Weißensee , via Berliner Allee into Langhansstraße to Wisbyer and into Bornholmer Straße.

Individual evidence

  1. Supplement to the Berlin address book 1893. Julius Straube  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.alt-berlin.info  
  2. ^ On the Pharus Plan Berlin 1906 . Pharus Verlag GmbH / Berlin SW 68  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. is the location of the Stettiner Bahn relocated, named Bornholmer Strasse.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.alt-berlin.info  
  3. This location was favored by the proximity of the border crossing. In addition, the good location with free spaces in the Pankow district played with the town for embassy buildings, preferably concentrated in Pankow.
  4. a b Bornholmer Straße FIS-Broker (map of Berlin 1: 5000 (K5 color edition)) of the Senate Department for Urban Development and Environment Berlin
  5. City map of Berlin ( Memento of the original dated November 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Sheets 4331 and 4332 from the years 1928, 1937, 1940, 1952, 1956, 1962, 1969, 1974, 1978, 1983, 1986, 1988, coordinates X = 25222 / Y = 25270  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / histomapberlin.de
  6. Information on the city ​​map of Berlin . Sheet 4332 from 1937, X = 24655, Y = 25310 ( Memento of the original dated November 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.histomapberlin.de
  7. Aerial photos of the Bornholmer Strasse border crossing point in Berlin . Recorded from 1988 to 1989
  8. Appointment to November 9th Square - for the second time . In: Der Tagesspiegel , November 6, 2013
  9. Pictures from Bornholmer Straße 88
  10. ^ Bornholmer Strasse 50 / Jülicher Strasse 30: Missing a pioneering role
  11. Lidl is building apartments with a supermarket connection . In: Prenzlauerberg-Nachrichten , October 19, 2011 (Juliane Wiedemeier)
  12. ^ Bornholmer Strasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1905, III. Part, p. 78. "Richter'sches Haus, I. and II. Maerz'sches Haus, Müffke'sches Haus, Müller'sches Haus, Neustadt'sches Haus, otherwise construction sites are listed."
  13. Grünthaler Strasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1904, III. Teil, p. 262 ( Street 1 is still included in the 1903 address book on Grünthaler Strasse between residential building 30 and six-party house No. 31 ).
  14. ^ Bornholmer Strasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1910, Part III., P. 89 (41 is the Müller'sche, 42 the Müffke'sche and 43, 44 the Maerz'sche houses, 46: Richter'sches Haus).
  15. ^ Bornholmer Strasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1930, Part IV., P. 107 (The plots 1–33 and 62–96 belong to the postal district N 113 and administrative district IV Prenzlauer Berg, 34 to 61 to N 20 and administrative district III Berlin-Wedding).
  16. Der Tagesspiegel : Connection from Wedding to Prenzlauer Berg blocked. August 10, 2015
  17. Refurbishment of the Bösebrücke on Bornholmer Strasse begins . In: Prenzlberg Voice , June 23, 2015.
  18. ^ Reichsbahndirektion Berlin 1943 and Reichsbahndirektion Berlin 1932 and after 1961 under Reichsbahndirektion Berlin 1968
  19. A strange play under the Bösebrücke.
  20. hisb.de: Stalin curve and Ulbricht curve
  21. Schropp's Großer Berliner Verkehrsplan 1947. Kartographisches Institut K. Schaffmann, Berlin SW 68  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.alt-berlin.info  
  22. Pharus City Map Berlin Large Edition 1954 . Pharus-Plan-Verlag in Treuhand / Berlin N54  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.alt-berlin.info  
  23. ^ Westermann's plan of Berlin 1932 . Georg Westermann / Berlin W 40 / Braunschweig  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.alt-berlin.info  
  24. Hindenburg Bridge / Bösebrücke / Bornholmer Bridge: 1912–1916
  25. built 1909–1910
  26. Tenement house Bornholmer Strasse 89 , as wellTenement house Bornholmer Strasse 90
  27. S-Bahn station to Prenzlauer Berg
  28. Border section of the Berlin Wall
  29. Part of the "hinterland security wall" of the former inner-city border system at the former Bornholmer Strasse border crossing
  30. Part of the security wall of the former inner-city border system near the former border crossing Bornholmer Straße, Norweger Straße
  31. Slab wall part of the apron protection of the former inner-city border system in the area of ​​the north cross

Coordinates: 52 ° 33 ′ 15 ″  N , 13 ° 24 ′ 13 ″  E