Bortfeld (noble family)

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The Lords of Bortfeld were an aristocratic family from Lower Saxony that named themselves after the village of Bortfeld , west of Braunschweig in the Peine district . Her coat of arms showed a lily scepter cross . The sex died out in the male line in 1688.

Epitaph of Heinrich von Bortfeldt (1576) in St Benedikti Quedlinburg

history

Grave slab for Heinrich von Bortfeld around 1600 at the chapel in Oelber on the white road

The earliest mention of it dates back to April 20, 1169, when Berthold von Bortfeld appeared as a witness in a certificate issued by Heinrich the Lion in Gittelde ; It is known about his wife Irmgard that she was buried in Steterburg Abbey. The marriage had two sons, Dietrich and Ludolf. This first line was in the Braunschweig region ; a fiefdom register from 1476 has come down to us. A second line was located in the Halberstadt region and a third line in Tunzenhausen Castle ; Little is known about these two lines. Gebhard von Bortefelde was 1323-1336 Preceptor generalis (master master) of the Brandenburg Ballei of the Order of St. John .

The feudal register of 1476 shows numerous rights and possessions in the Braunschweig area as well as some pawn castles for the first line. In 1318 they owned 19 hooves and 3 farms in the village of Bortfeld, and in 1400 they owned 10 hooves there. In 120 other places they had feudal rights. In Bortfeld they had the church patronage in 1500 and 1647, so apparently throughout. They had other church patronage in the towns of Ölper , Delligsen , Kaierde , Engerode and Gebhardshagen . They also owned the bailiwicks over the villages of Kalme and Semmenstedt . They also took part in the founding of the Brothers Church in Braunschweig.

The Lords of Bortfeld appeared in the first half of the 13th century as witnesses for the Guelphs , but in the second half of the 13th century as witnesses for the bishops of Hildesheim . In 1246 they were temporarily bailiffs of Lichtenberg Castle near Salzgitter . In 1269 they made two donations: they gave the Mariental monastery a piece of land in Wackersleben , and they gave the Loccum monastery four acres in Oedelum . In 1280 they came into feudal ownership of Gebhardshagen Castle and made it their headquarters. This castle came to the dukes Wilhelm I and Heinrich II of Braunschweig in 1429 . They had also been lords on Söder since 1280 .

1347 Dukes pledged by Grubenhagen the Burg Lutter to the Bishopric of Hildesheim , which the lords of Bortfeld and Wallmoden began as officers. They obtained Wohldenberg Castle as a pledge in 1402, and from 1448 they shared this property with the Oldershausen family . On Castle Oelber in Oelber the white way they are certified from 1406, they shared this castle with since 1296 located there as shareholders Lords of Cramm , in their sole ownership Oelber after the extinction of Bortfelds 1688 passed. In 1468 they owned the castle and town of Oschersleben as pledge, ditto the castles of Peine and Lindau im Eichsfeld in 1492, and Winzenburg in 1496 - they were therefore officials of the bishops of Hildesheim.

Coat of arms of the Lords of Bortfeld on the Renaissance portal in Wellersen

They also had property rights in Wellersen , which passed to Arndt von Wopersnow through marriage and from there in 1639 were sold to the von Dassel family . Heinrich von Bortfeld auf Wellersen, Rinteln and Wendhausen (1559-1607) married in 1581 Margarete von Münchhausen , a daughter of the colonel and mercenary leader Hilmar von Münchhausen . Kurt von Bortfeld entered the Great Turkish War in 1684 . He took part in the siege of Ofen . Then he joined the army of the Republic of Venice . He died on a trip to the Levant . In 1688 he was buried in Corfu . With him the gentlemen von Bortfeld died out in the male line; Ilse Anna von Bortfeld married Adam von Cornberg , head captain in the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg . Their coats of arms were combined and the new line was called Cornberg called von Bortfeld .

All of the Bortfeld fiefdoms in the Diocese of Hildesheim, especially Söder and Nienhagen , fell to the Hildesheim Monastery , whose Prince-Bishop Jobst Edmund von Brabeck enfeoffed his own family with it; the fiefdoms in the duchy of Brunswick fell to the Lords of Cramm, who also took over Bortfeld's share in Oelber Castle .

A possible relationship to a middle-class Bortfeld family, which was based in Braunschweig at the time , and which included tanners and shoemakers, is unclear.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl Georg W. Schiller: The medieval architecture of Braunschweig and its immediate surroundings. Brunswick 1852.
  2. ^ David Georg Struben, Legal Concerns, 1772.