Brynolf Wennerberg
Brynolf Wennerberg , also Brynolf Wennerberg the Younger (born August 12, 1866 in Otterstad, Sweden , † March 30, 1950 in Bad Aibling ), was a Swedish-German painter , draftsman and commercial artist . He gained international fame as an employee of the satirical paper “ Simplicissimus ” and the American magazines “Pictorial Review” and “ Puck ”.
Life
biography
Brynolf Wennerberg was born on August 12, 1866 in Otterstad / Sweden on the south bank of Lake Vänern . He grew up in a rural, wealthy aristocratic society. His father, the stud owner Gunnar Brynolf Wennerberg (1823-1894), was an academic painter from the Düsseldorf School of Painting . He ran a house open to the arts.
In 1885 Brynolf Wennerberg went to the Kunstgewerbeschule in Stockholm and a year later to the Kunstnernes Frie Studieskoler (the free study schools for artists) in Copenhagen / Denmark to study with Peder Severin Krøyer (1851-1909). In 1888 Brynolf Wennerberg left Copenhagen and sought success as a draftsman in Leipzig . The city had been the center of the book trade since 1825 and thus a fulcrum of the publishing industry for book and sheet music printing. As early as 1896, illustrated music titles by Brynolf Wennerberg can be identified, which are now mainly in the Museum of Art and Industry in Hamburg .
In Leipzig, Brynolf Wennerberg met the young Helene Pauline (born Hermann, born March 5, 1872 in Herzberg / Elster), whom he married in 1889 at the age of 23. His daughters Astrid (* 1891) and Ellen (* 1893) were born there.
At the beginning of 1900 Wennerberg moved with his family to Fürstenfeldbruck , near Munich . From 1901 to 1905 they lived there in the villa suburb of Emmering , where their third daughter Charlotte was born in 1902. In 1905 the family found an apartment in Munich on Schwanthalerstraße. On March 5, 1908, Brynolf Wennerberg rented a studio there on Hermann-Schmid-Strasse.
On January 2, 1911, the second daughter, Ellen, died of tuberculosis at the age of sixteen. Helene Wennerberg could not recover from the stroke of fate. The marriage broke up the following year. Her life came to an abrupt end on March 6, 1912.
Wennerberg and his two daughters had already received Bavarian citizenship on January 3, 1912 .
After the death of his wife, Brynolf Wennerberg decided to leave Munich. He traveled with the youngest daughter Charlotte, the widow Anny von Reznicek, whom he married in England , and their foster daughter Else Lang (1902–1988) on April 22, 1912 on the Isle of Wight . His eldest daughter Astrid followed shortly afterwards. The deregistration in Munich took place on July 1, 1912. From October 9, 1912, the family lived in Paris . In November they moved into an apartment there at 118 rue St. Dominique.
Like many other artists, Brynolf Wennerberg was surprised by the outbreak of the First World War abroad in 1914. The family was in the Swiss summer quarters in Glarisegg . A return to France was no longer possible. The facility and all written and artistic documents were lost in Paris.
From 1915, Brynolf Wennerberg lived with his family in the Upper Bavarian town of Bad Aibling in the Villa Mina am Kurpark. For his work he rented Wilhelm Leibl's former studio . Only now did he devote himself more intensively to painting. Brynolf Wennerberg died on March 30, 1950 in Bad Aibling.
The artist's written estate is now kept in the German Art Archive (DKA) in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum , Nuremberg .
The painter Brynolf Wennerberg
Wennerberg was not a landscape painter , even though from 1915 he created landscapes of his new home in Upper Bavaria. His topic was the human being and especially the young, slender woman with her uncertain, restrained smile, the "Wennerberg smile".
The carnival and circus pictures, in which a dancer in the form of Columbine and her companion Pierrot appear in all sorts of disguises, are among the most sought-after paintings by Wennerberg . These are contemporary new creations of an old artistic theme that made it a singular phenomenon in painting and graphics in the first half of the 20th century.
plant
Working for German magazines
"Meggendorfer Blätter", "Simplicissimus", "Funny Blätter", "Die Woche"
Meggendorfer leaves
Wennerberg's artistic career began in 1892 when he worked for the magazine “ Meggendorfer Blätter . Colored illustrated weekly for humor and art ”. Many young academy students benefited from such new magazines because they were sought-after employees as illustrators . Wennerberg pursued this livelihood mainly from 1892 to 1900. Presumably in 1901 he stopped working for the magazine. A total of 67 records of Wennerberg's work were found in the “Meggendorfer Blätter”.
Simplicissimus
In 1909 Wennerberg began to work as a draftsman for “ Simplicissimus ” in Munich. His colleagues there were u. a. Thomas Theodor Heine (1867–1948), Olaf Gulbransson (1873–1958) and Eduard Thöny (1866–1950). For Brynolf Wennerberg this meant a career leap. In that year 1909 Albert Langen (1869–1909), the ingenious publisher of the witty magazine, and Ferdinand von Reznicek (1868–1909), the popular draftsman and illustrator of the slightly disreputable femme fatale , died. The first illustration by Brynolf Wennerberg brought the "Simplicissimus" on November 15, 1909; his last on March 18, 1919. Wennerberg's first title page, a “Carnival Number”, appeared on December 31, 1912. A total of five title pages can be identified. These title pages were later sold separately as large-format art prints in folders, along with other particularly popular illustrations, or even put together as books. His postcards based on motifs from images in “Simplicissimus” were even more successful. A total of 103 images by Wennerberg were printed in this periodical. After he left the company, the successful illustrations continued to be advertised until 1925. The renowned Heinemann Gallery in Munich offered successful drawings as commission goods for sale.
Funny leaves
The magazine Funny Leaves was a well-known joke sheet that contained political as well as non-political texts and illustrations. Lyonel Feininger (1871–1956), Ernst Heilemann (1870–1936), Fritz Koch-Gotha (1877–1956), Walter Trier (1890–1951) and Heinrich Zille (1858–1929) can be named as important draftsmen . In 1916, during World War I, Brynolf Wennerberg joined their elite group. His role was again not in the caricature, but in the diversity and topicality of his leadership. Here, too, the artist showed himself to be a popular and successful draftsman who won his subscribers thanks to his elegant, lively and slightly ironic presentation. Over 100 illustrations by his hand can be traced back to the "Lustige Blätter".
Working for international magazines
The fashion magazine Pictorial Review
As early as August 1910, Brynolf Wennerberg designed the cover of the American fashion magazine “Pictorial Review”: a happy girl's face turns to the viewer and invites them to spend their holidays on the beach with sea and sun. Five years later, in 1915, a pretty girl in a bathing suit with a red headdress from the front page of the same magazine glanced mischievously at the prospective buyer. The pages designed by Wennerberg correspond to the image of a middle-class, general taste.
The satirical magazine Puck
Wennerberg worked more effectively in the two war years of 1914 and 1915 for the American magazine " Puck ", which is considered the most successful magazine for satire in the USA in the 19th and 20th centuries. Wennerberg's cover pictures for the satirical magazine were sophisticated, funny and original. The first appeared with the signature "Lady Fingers" in June 1914. Contact with the satirical newspaper "Puck" broke off in 1915 as a result of the war in Europe. The work for the “Lustige Blätter” and, in the twenties, the orders for Die Woche , also an illustrated weekly magazine, provided a balance .
advertising
Posters
The first posters by Brynolf Wennerberg can be dated to 1898. There are event posters for the stage, such as for the "Ibsen Theater" and the Varieté in Leipzig, but also the Tivolitheater in Bremen.
Further orders for posters followed. Wennerberg designed one of the most appealing posters, “Die Siegerin”, for the Opel company, which in 1898 had a good name, especially in the production of bicycles.
From 1900 the production of posters in general and also at Wennerberg increased significantly, only to skyrocket in the following decade up to the First World War.
In 1918 the artist designed a particularly attractive poster for the Swiss clothing company PKZ , which to this day still offers lavish cloakrooms for high demands. Fragrant, swinging and graceful, the lady strolls across the landing stage, which here becomes a catwalk. The elegant gentleman with hat and riding crop offers male protection, although it remains questionable whether she will accept him. Your magical smile shows a certain vagueness. Perhaps this smile indicates a change in the image of women that took place in 1926. In the poster for the “Casanova cigarettes”, four girls are sitting and standing in one-piece, shapely bathing suits on the beach. As a matter of course, each of the smiling women holds a cigarette in her hand. "We" can be read in the upper image field. Brynolf Wennerberg had subtly but attentively accompanied the metamorphosis into the modern woman in many posters.
Commercial graphics
In fact, the “Wennerberg type” had conquered all areas of the economy in the twenties. Wennerberg was particularly successful for large companies in the years 1925 to 1935/36. The artist carried out orders from clothing, cosmetics, food, sanitary, technical, laundry, detergent and cigarette companies; even the “Minimax” fire extinguisher was successfully advertised. Wennerberg's artistic imagination in the field of advertising found its expression in newspaper advertisements, advertising brochures, brochures, advertising stamps and of course in large-format posters. At the same time, his name was an advertising medium for magazines such as the "Lustigen Blätter" and the "Simplicissimus". There are also colored images of his advertising activities in specialist literature such as the magazine “Reklame”. The big clients included u. a. the companies Junkers & Co. , 4711 Kölnisch Wasser and Klepper .
Art postcards
The large number of advertising postcards completed this spectrum. Companies such as Lux soap flakes, Kaiser's breast caramels, the “ Mundlos ” sewing machine , the “ Senking ” kitchen stove , Feist-Cabinett and Sagrotan made use of the advertising designer Wennerberg. The global company Persil was also among them, as was the Berlin optics manufacturer CP Goerz AG .
With the outbreak of the First World War, the war postcard became more topical. The overwhelming success of the artist and his high level of awareness were based on it. Brynolf Wennerberg's war postcards are still internationally popular collector's items today.
Illustrations in publications (selection)
- Almanac of the "Funny Leaves" for 1918-1920 . Berlin 1918–1920.
- Oskar Blumenthal : life impulses . Berlin 1917.
- Hans Brennert : Spring kisses . Jungle stories of dancing, love, nightingales and young girls. With pictures by Brynolf Wennerberg. Berlin 1919.
- Hans Brennert: The strawberry-sweet mouth . Stories from a beautiful time. Colorful cover picture by B. Wennerberg. Berlin 1920.
- Liesbet Dill : Lony's Flight into the World . With 2 colored pictures by Bruno Wennerberg. Leipzig 1918.
- Adele Elkan : Hilde Gerstner's student days . With four colored pictures by Brynolf Wennerberg. Leipzig 1921.
- Else Hofmann: Vierblatt . Story for young girls. With 5 pictures by B. Wennerberg. 4th edition. Leipzig [1925].
- Else Hofmann: In the forest boarding school . With 5 pictures by B. Wennerberg. 9th edition. [1921].
- Henny Koch : The Countess . Cover and binding drawing by B. Wennerberg. Berlin 1920.
- Hans Köstling: Eva . Cover picture by B. Wennerberg. Berlin 1920.
- War album of the "Lustige Blätter" . Berlin, 1.1914 - 8.1918.
- Hans Land: The girl with the gold helmet . Cover picture by B. Wennerberg. Berlin 1918.
- Victor Laverrenz : Funny rides . Berlin 1917.
- Artur Lokesch: We'll hold on ! Juicy jokes and bloody puns from our war kitchen. Berlin 1916.
- Artur Lokesch: The field-gray face , how he loves and lives and lives . Berlin 1916.
- Meinhold Rau: The ski tour . With drawings by B. Wennerberg. In: Simplicissimus. Picture sheet. Vol. 16. H. 52. 1912.
- Hans Joachim Frhr. v. Reitzenstein: The heavenly smile . Colorful cover picture by B. Wennerberg. Berlin 1919.
- Peter Schlemihl : In the bath . With drawings by B. Wennerberg. In: “Simplicissimus. Bath number ". Born 15. H. 26. 1911.
- Dancing nymphs . A dance picture book. Berlin 1919.
- Ludwig Thoma : Lilly . With twelve drawings by B. Wennerberg. In: “Simplicissimus. Carnival number ". Vol. 15. H. 52. 1911.
- Ludwig Thoma: Ramler family . With twelve drawings by B. Wennerberg. In: “Simplicissimus. Carnival number ". Vol. 16. H. 52. 1912.
- Ludwig Thoma: Konstantin Seitz on the Bal paré . With drawings by B. Wennerberg. In: “Simplicissimus. Carnival number ". Born 17. H. 52. 1913.
- Ludwig Thoma: Munich Carnival . With fifty-eight drawings by F. von Reznicek and B. Wennerberg. Munich 1913.
- Ludwig Thoma: Tango . With drawings by B. Wennerberg. In: “Simplicissimus. Carnival number ". Vol. 18. H. 53. 1914.
- Ludwig Thoma: The dance . Munich. With drawings by B. Wennerberg. In: “Simplicissimus. Carnival number ". Vol. 14. H. 53. 1910.
- Heinz Tovote : Miss Griesebach . Berlin 1917.
- Heinz Tovote: Take me ! Berlin 1918.
- Heinz Tovote: Bridal trip . Berlin 1923.
- PǺ PERMISSION! Konstnärsalbum . Utgivet av Gustav Hochstetter. Med 20 pictures ur "Funny leaves" by B. Wennerberg, E. Heilemann, Lutz Ehrenberger, CO Petersen and W. Helwig. Berlin undated
- Bruno Prochaska: Simplicissimus-Bilderbogen: In Seebad (Verse von Bruno Wolfgang). Munich 1911.
- Bruno Prochaska: Simplicissimus picture sheet: The dangerous age (verses from Bruno Wolfgang). Vol. 16. H. 52. Munich 1912.
- Else Ury : youth ahead ! Story for boys and girls. With black and colored pictures by B. Wennerberg. Berlin 1933.
- Walter Ziersch: G'schpusi . Berlin 1925.
Exhibitions
- From the lightness of being. The pictures of Brynolf Wennerberg (1866-1950) - From November 14, 2013 to March 17, 2014 in the Fürstenfeldbruck City Museum .
- Brynolf Wennerberg 1866-1950, painter - draftsman - commercial artist - From May 10th to June 22nd, 2014 in the gallery in the old town hall in Prien .
- Confidence - Brynolf Wennerberg (1866-1950) - painter, draftsman and commercial artist - From April 23, 2015 to August 9, 2015 in the German Amber Museum in Ribnitz-Damgarten .
- Brynolf Wennerberg - Eine Fidele Fuhre - From August 20 to September 18, 2016 at the Kunstverein Bad Aibling .
- Brynolf Wennerberg and the smile of women , Museum Kronberger Malerkolonie , Kronberg im Taunus, 2017.
- Den okände Wennerbergaren , Galleri porten, Lidköping (Sweden), 2017.
literature
- Ruth Negendanck : Brynolf Wennerberg. Painter * draftsman * commercial artist . Fischerhude 2012, ISBN 978-3-88132-366-6 .
- Lesley Milne: Laughter and War. Humorous-Satrirical Magazines in Britain, France, Germany and Russia 1914-1918 . Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2016, ISBN 978-1-4438-8686-4 .
- Matthias Kammel, Claudia Selheim (ed.): Wartime in the National Museum 1914–1918. Accompanying volume for the exhibition in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum from November 24, 2016 to November 26, 2017. Cultural-historical walks in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum, vol. 17. Nuremberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-946217-02-2
Individual evidence
- ^ Ruth Negendanck: Brynolf Wennerberg painter * draftsman * commercial artist . Fischerhude 2012, ISBN 978-3-88132-366-6 , p. 19 ff, and p. 270 f.
- ↑ Helmut Herbst: The illustrations of the "Meggendorfer Blätter" . In: Upper Bavarian Archive . tape 106 , 1981, pp. 7–228, here p. 217 .
- ↑ Klassik Stiftung Weimar, overview of Wennerberg's participation in the Simplicissimus editions
- ↑ ZDB -ID 551045-4 Library holdings partly available as microfiche.
- ↑ Illustration of the title page ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved October 7, 2013.
- ↑ Harenberg Literature Lexicon. Dortmund 2003, ISBN 978-3-411-76123-4 , p. 506.
- ^ Ruth Negendanck: Brynolf Wennerberg painter * draftsman * commercial artist . Fischerhude 2012, ISBN 978-3-88132-366-6 , pp. 68f.
- ^ Ruth Negendanck: Brynolf Wennerberg painter * draftsman * commercial artist . Fischerhude 2012, ISBN 978-3-88132-366-6 , pp. 118 ff.
- ^ Ruth Negendanck: Brynolf Wennerberg painter * draftsman * commercial artist . Fischerhude 2012, ISBN 978-3-88132-366-6 , pp. 132 ff.
- ↑ Peter Collins: Bruno Wennerberg: 1866 - 1950; a Tribute to His Comment Relating to World War I . Cinderella Public. 1991
Web links
- Homepage of Brynolf Wennerberg
- Exhibition Stadtmuseum Fürstenfeldbruck , accessed on December 8, 2013
- Bayerische Staatszeitung from March 8, 2013: Dozens of men on every finger , accessed on September 10, 2013
- Süddeutsche Zeitung of November 15, 2013: Obsession for beautiful and elegant women , accessed on November 18, 2013
- Kunstverein Lidköping Den okände Wennerbergaren German: The unknown Wennerberg , accessed on October 9, 2017
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Wennerberg, Brynolf |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wennerberg, Gunnar Brynolf (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swedish-German painter, draftsman and commercial artist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 12, 1866 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Otterstad , Sweden |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 30, 1950 |
| Place of death | Bad Aibling |