Castle village
Burg-Dorf (until 1725 Burg ), Wobsedne Bórkowy in Lower Sorbian , is an inhabited part of the municipality of Burg (Spreewald) in the Spree-Neisse district in Brandenburg . The village is the seat of the administrative office of the Burg (Spreewald) office . Burg-Dorf merged on January 1, 1960 with the municipalities of Burg-Kauper and Burg-Kolonie to form the municipality of Burg (Spreewald) and was previously an independent municipality.
location
Burg-Dorf is located in the Spreewald biosphere reserve , which is part of Lower Lusatia . Larger cities in the vicinity are Vetschau / Spreewald about seven kilometers south as the crow flies, Lübbenau / Spreewald about 14 kilometers northwest and Cottbus about 16 kilometers southeast. The Spree and the Südumfluter flow through the place, and the place is surrounded by many typical Spreewald rivers .
Surrounding villages are the in Dahme-Spreewald lying village Byhleguhre in the north of the municipality of Schmogrow-Fehrow belonging district Schmogrow in the northeast, the district STRIESOW the community dissen-striesow the east, Advertise in the southeast, Müschen in the south, the Vetschauer districts diligence village and Naundorf in the south-west and the scattered settlements Burg-Kolonie in the west and Burg-Kauper in the north-west.
history
In 1876 a culture wagon was found near the castle hill north of Burg-Dorf, which indicates that the region was settled in the Bronze Age . Initially, Semnones probably settled there before the Sorbs settled there from around the 7th century . Around the year 1000, a castle was built on the orders of the Polish king Bolesław I , from which the current place name can be traced back. The name suffix -Dorf was created later to differentiate it from the surrounding farms that were outside the main town. According to another source, the place name goes back to fishermen who brought their fish to Cottbus in bark barrels in order to sell them there, which is why the phrase “the Borkers are coming” developed in Cottbus parlance. Burg-Dorf was first mentioned in a document on September 29, 1315, when a property belonging to the Lübbenau rulership , to which Burg-Dorf then belonged, was sold.
At the time it was first mentioned, Burg-Dorf had around 300 residents and owned a mill. Due to the living conditions in the bogs of the Spreewald, clearing the area was very difficult. In 1368 the Mark Brandenburg and thus from Burg-Dorf fell to the Kingdom of Bohemia . In 1445 Burg-Dorf belonged to the Cottbus lordship , which was bought by the Elector Friedrich Eisenzahn that year . The Reformation was introduced in Burg in 1535, and a school was first mentioned in 1637. At the end of the 17th century, there were annual floods between 1691 and 1699 , which resulted in a significant crop failure.
From the 18th century, the population of Burg-Dorf rose sharply after the then Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm I began to settle decommissioned soldiers in Burg and the surrounding area. From 1748 onwards, several weaver families settled in Burg-Dorf and founded a line weaving mill. In 1749, Burg-Dorf received its own house of prayer, after the place had previously belonged to the parish in Lübbenau and from 1635 to Werben . After just four years, the prayer house was replaced by a half-timbered church , which burned down on September 30, 1766. From 1799, today's early classicist hall was built and inaugurated on November 11, 1804.
In order to better regulate the water levels of the Spree and thus prevent flooding, several ditches were artificially dug through the place between 1771 and 1804. In 1840 Burg-Dorf had 308 residential buildings with 1,600 residents. In 1844 the new village school was opened. On July 1, 1856, the later Burger Post Office was founded . In 1874 the men's choir Concordia was founded in Burg-Dorf . On July 7, 1881 the volunteer fire brigade was founded. In 1887, Burg-Dorf was connected to the telephone network and the first permanent road to Cottbus was built. From 1898 the Spreewaldbahn operated in Burg-Dorf . In terms of population, Burg-Dorf has always been strongly influenced by the Sorbian language, Arnošt Muka counted a total of 4,506 inhabitants for his statistics on the Sorbs in Lusatia from 1884, of which 4,106 (91%) were Sorbs. In 1956, Ernst Tschernik determined a Sorbian-speaking proportion of 29.4 percent of 2,504 inhabitants.
At the end of the 19th century Burg-Dorf was visited by Theodor Fontane on his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg . In 1882 Paul Fahlisch began offering local guests boat trips through the Spreewald, making him the founder of tourism in Burg-Dorf. In 1885 the castle had 4,553 inhabitants. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Bismarck Tower was built on the Schlossberg at the suggestion of the Warrior Association and opened to the public in 1917. On October 24, 1901, the construction of a road from Burg-Kauper via Burg-Dorf to Schmogrow began, the second paved road through the town. The first port on the Spree was built in 1913. From 1919 the place was connected to the power grid , the complete expansion of the power supply was completed in 1936.
Between 1920 and 1933 all paths within Burg-Dorf were completely paved, with many of the newly built paths being destroyed by floods in 1926 and 1927. During the time of National Socialism , Hermann Göring planned to depopulate the region around Burg-Dorf and to settle bison and elk there. Behind the plan was the plan to use the Spreewald as a hunting ground for high-ranking NSDAP politicians . For this purpose it was also planned to dry up the Spreewald, but the plans were rejected after the outbreak of the Second World War .
During the GDR era, the Bismarck Tower was renamed the Tower of Youth . On May 23, 1952, the community of Wendish / Sorbian Spreewald fishermen was founded in Burg-Dorf. On January 1, 1960, Burg-Dorf merged with the municipalities of Burg-Kauper and Burg-Kolonie to form today's municipality of Burg / Spreewald . On May 3, 1960, the first agricultural production cooperative Spreeland was founded , followed by six other LPGs, which merged in 1975 to form a LPG type III. In 1976 the new port facility was inaugurated. In 1982 the ten-class polytechnic high school Hans Beimer Burg (Spreewald) was introduced in Burg-Dorf , which replaced the village schools in the individual districts. After the reunification , the LPG was privatized and the name of the municipality was changed to Burg (Spreewald). On the Day of German Unity on October 3, 1990, the tower of the youth in Bismarck tower was renamed. The high school was converted into a comprehensive school. There has been a rehabilitation clinic in the Burg-Dorf district since 1994 .
Today the residents of Burg-Dorf live mainly from tourism. Burg-Dorf has the postcode 03096 and the dialing code is 035603.
Population development
| Population development in Burg-Dorf from 1875 to 1950 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | ||||||
| 1875 | 1,968 | 1910 | 1,949 | 1933 | 1,979 | 1946 | 2,783 | ||||||
| 1890 | 1,879 | 1925 | 1,863 | 1939 | 1.917 | 1950 | 2,506 | ||||||
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin: age - origin - meaning . be.bra Wissenschaft, 2005, p. 37 .
- ↑ History of Burg im Spreewald. In: burgimspreewald.de. Retrieved September 26, 2018 .
- ↑ Timeline. In: burgimspreewald.de. Retrieved September 26, 2018 .
- ^ Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments . Founded by the Day for Monument Preservation 1900, continued by Ernst Gall , revised by the Dehio Association and the Association of State Monument Preservationists in the Federal Republic of Germany, represented by: Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum. Brandenburg: edited by Gerhard Vinken and others, reviewed by Barbara Rimpel. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 , p. 175.
- ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, p. 38 .
- ↑ Arnost Muka: Statistika łužiskich Serbow. Wobličenje a wopisanje. , Budyšin 1884–1886, online
- ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. (PDF; 331 KB) District Spree-Neisse. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg, December 2006, accessed on September 26, 2018 .