Schenkenberg Castle Ruins (Württemberg)

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Schenkenberg Castle
Wall remains of Schenkenberg Castle

Wall remains of Schenkenberg Castle

Alternative name (s): Schenkenburg
Creation time : before 1312
Castle type : Höhenburg, summit location
Conservation status: Ruin, remains of walls preserved
Standing position : Nobles
Place: Epfendorf
Geographical location 48 ° 15 '40.3 "  N , 8 ° 36' 36"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 15 '40.3 "  N , 8 ° 36' 36"  E
Height: 588.3  m above sea level NN
Schenkenberg Castle Ruins (Baden-Württemberg)
Schenkenberg castle ruins

The Schenkenberg castle ruins , also known as Schenkenburg , are the ruins of a hilltop castle northeast of the municipality of Epfendorf in the Rottweil district in Baden-Württemberg .

Schenkendorfstraße of Schenkenberg are an old Swiss Uradelsgeschlecht which, after the mountain castle and the upper bailiff called between Fricktal and Ergow.

In 1169 a Dietho de Schenchinberc appeared as a witness in a document in which the Bishop of Constance awarded the Salem monastery the church in Walbertsweiler.

The castle was built in the 13th or 14th century and was owned by the Schenkenberg taverns mentioned in a document in 1312 - note: proven several times as abbots in the nearby Alpirsbach monastery (Walter Schenk von Schenkenberg (1303-1336), Brun Schenk von Schenkenberg (1337–1377), Konrad Schenk von Schenkenberg (1447, resigned 1450)), where they were also buried. Her coat of arms: in the head of the shield a half growing eagle, below a rafter can be found on the outer wall of the monastery building. (In the document of May 15 and 17, 1298, the taverns Konrad and Burkhard von Schenkenzell carry the savings coat of arms with an eagle. The coat of arms of the Schenkenberg taverns, as it is also shown in the Württemberg book of arms by Alberti, can also be found at Siebmacher, in the register of arms of the city of Rottweil, in the Basler Chronik and the armorial table of the Obervögte zu Schenkenberg , Canton Aargau, Switzerland, in the first place as the castle owner Albrecht I Count von Löwenstein-Schenkenberg , son of Rudolf IV. Count von Habsburg (HRR), 1273– 1291 German king, was lord of Schenkenberg in the canton of Aargau, Switzerland until 1282 ).

history

According to legend, the Swabian Duchess Hadwig († August 28, 994) held court at Schenkenberg Castle.

Dietho von Schenkenberg is mentioned as a witness in a document from the Salem monastery in 1169 .

The name of this castle Schenkenberg or Schenkenburg has only been secured since 1329. The Schenkenberg taverns were first mentioned as lords of the castle in 1331.

On August 15, 1300, Euphemia Schenkin von Schenkenberg in South Tyrol is mentioned in a deed of donation to the Dominican convent in Imbach and on November 11, 1301, she gave it to her deceased husband Wilhelm - from the family who also built Senkenberk Castle (today the Czech Republic) - for the salvation of the soul . her daughter Agnes and granddaughter Gertrud the nunnery Tulln in Lower Austria (founder: Rudolf von Habsburg I. ) a farm and accessories.

As part of the newly won territories under the influence of the Habsburgs, Wolfram pincerna Schenk von Schenkenberg or one of his sons founded Kostelec u Jihlavy (German Wolframs) in the 13th century in what is now the Czech Republic .

In 1312 Leopold I von Habsburg received the resignation of Rüdiger Schenk von Schenkenberg in Constance, who was the school host of the important city of Brugg for the Habsburgs from 1337 to 1346 .

They were in the service of the Lords of Zimmer and the Counts of Sulz.

In 1414 the taverns pledged the castle and in 1421 the castle was sold to Konrad von Stein.

In 1438, Eberhard Schenk von Schenkenberg and Countess Ursula von Sulz , b. Habsburg, compared to the Rheinau monastery in the canton of Zurich. The Schenkenberg taverns died out in the Rottweil area around 1450.

On January 12, 1491, Anton Schenk von (da) Schenkenberg-Castel Corte Fiè allo sciliar (German: Völs am Schlern, South Tyrol ) made a will in favor of his wife Elena von Annenberg.

In 1527 the imperial city of Rottweil acquired the Schenkenburg and Epfendorf. The castle is already shown as a ruin on the Rottweiler Pürschgericht map from 1564.

Building description

The small castle complex is 588.3  m above sea level. NN high summit of an almost completely free-standing mountain above the valley of the Neckar in the west and the Schenkenbach in the north and two other valleys in the east and south.

The plant is naturally well protected on its west and south sides by the steep slope of the terrain, only the east and north sides had to be additionally fortified. For this purpose, a right-angled trench was dug on both sides.

The castle itself consisted only of a residential tower , which was joined by a courtyard and another building in the same width to the south. The castle courtyard is formed by a two-meter-thick circular wall , in this was also the former entrance on the west side of the castle, immediately south of the residential tower. The dimensions of the residential tower are 12.2 by 11.1 meters, the habitable floor space inside the tower is 8.2 by 7.1 meters.

Only a few remains of the wall of the Schenkenburg have survived.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages - Floor Plan Lexicon , p. 541