Caminchen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Neu Zauche municipality
Coordinates: 51 ° 57 ′ 13 ″  N , 14 ° 4 ′ 14 ″  E
Height : 55 m
Area : 5.25 km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15913
Area code : 035475
Village green with a World War Memorial
Village green with a World War Memorial
Caminchen on the Urmes table sheet 4050 Straupitz from 1846

Caminchen , Kamjeńki in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the Neu Zauche community in the Dahme-Spreewald district (Brandenburg). From the Middle Ages until 1674 it belonged to the Neu Zauche rule, from 1674 to the Neu Zauche office , which was dissolved in 1874. Caminchen was incorporated into the Neu Zauche community in 2003 and has been part of Neu Zauche ever since. The administration of the community of Neu Zauche is carried out by the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office .

Geographical location

Caminchen is located about 12 km east-northeast of Lübben (Spreewald) , about 6 km northwest of Straupitz and about 16 km west-southwest of Lieberose . The district borders in the north on Klein Leine (district of the Märkische Heide community ), in the northeast on Sacrow (district of the community Spreewaldheide ), in the southeast on the district of Neu Zauche and in the southwest and west on Briesensee (district of the community Neu Zauche) . The place can be reached via a small connecting road from Wußwerk and Neu Zauche and Sacrow.

The Klein Leiner Fließ crosses the district from northwest to southeast. At the Pechhütte residential area, a ditch flows towards it from the south. To the east of the town center, another ditch coming from the south is connected to the river. The highest point (approx. 75 m) is the northern and eastern flanks of a 80.9 m high hill, the summit of which, however, is already on the Briesensee district. The lowest point is the Klein Leiner Fließ when you leave the district at about 52 m.

history

Caminchen is mentioned for the first time in a document as early as 1347. In the first mention, the name appears as Kamenig . The name is derived from the Lower Sorbian kamjeń = stone, perhaps even the diminutive of kamjeńk. According to Rudolf Lehmann (historical local dictionary), the original form of the village is unclear.

On February 22, 1347, Hans , Fritz , Rudolph and Berchd , the sons of Hentze, received the feudal letter from Ludwig I, "the Brandenburger" , the margrave of Brandenburg and Lusatia, about the court to the breeding with all accessories, so the villages of Zuche (= Neu Zauche), Wozwirch (= Wußwerk ), the Alte Niewe (= Alt Zauche), Kamenig (= Caminchen) and Sacrow . At the time of his first mention, Caminchen was already part of the Zauche rule (later also called Neu Zauche rule). According to the feudal letter of April 25, 1420, the brothers Konrad, Joachim, Johann, Dietrich and Heinrich von Ihlow owned a quarter of the Neu Zauche estate, probably as a pledge or for repurchase, because in 1422 Hans von der Zauche was (again) the owner of the entire estate. In 1439 six brothers von der Zauche Heinrich, Hans, Friedrich, Titze, Günther and Caspar, presumably the sons of Hans, sold the rule Zauche to the (later) Mark Brandenburg chancellor Heinze von Kracht . On October 7, 1439 he received the feudal letter about Neu Zauche, Wusswerk, Alt Zauche, Radensdorf, Caminchen, Sacro, Waldow, Briesen and Goyatz. But even before 1477 Heinze von Kracht sold the rule to Hans von Clumen (Chlumen or Klumen), who was governor in Lower Lusatia that year. In 1505 the rule of Neu Zauche came from Siegmund von Chlumen to Werner von der Schulenburg , who was wealthy in the Uckermark and Pomerania ( Amt Löcknitz and Penkun ). Werner was succeeded by his son Jacob (I.) and in 1541 his son Georg V. Georg von der Schulenburg died in 1560 without heirs and his property fell to his cousin Joachim II von der Schulenburg. Joachim II died in 1594; he was followed by his son Richard III. But Richard III died on November 25, 1600. von der Schulenburg quite surprisingly in Pieskow . Heir was Joachim VII von der Schulenburg, who on February 27, 1601 received the feudal letter for all goods inherited from his father in Niederlausitz. The property was heavily in debt at that time, which is why he bought parts of his property. In 1619 Joachim VII von der Schulenburg died. At first his widow took over the property. Since the property was still heavily in debt, the creditors had the lords of Lübbenau and Neu Zauche ceded.

On February 28, 1623, the rule of Neu Zauche with the villages of Wußwerk, Alt Zauche, Radensdorf, Briesen, Sacro, Waldow, Caminchen and Goyatz passed to the state elder of Lower Lusatia, Jobst von Bredow, who also became the new lord of Caminchen. But Jobst von Bredow died on February 26, 1626 and the reign of Neu Zauche now passed to his son Achim von Bredow, who in 1630 received the feudal letter over the reign of Neu Zauche. Since the purchase price had not yet been paid in full, the Bredow heirs pledged the Neu Zauche estate to Ulrich von Wolfersdorf, Achim von Bredow's brother-in-law. In 1651 Achim von Bredow finally sold the Neu Zauche estate to Ulrich von Wolfersdorf for 42,000 thalers. After the death of Ulrich von Wolfersdorf on September 8, 1665, his sons Jan Ulrich and his stepbrother Ulrich Gottfried received the feudal letter for the inherited property on September 17, 1666. The reign of Neu Zauche fell to Ulrich Gottfried von Wolfersdorf. Although the Neu Zauche dominion had long been referred to in the documents as a dominion and otherwise met all the criteria of a sovereignty, the owner of the Neu Zauche dominion had neither a seat nor a vote in the gentry's curia according to the Landtag order of 1669. Possibly the rule was already before the fall to the sovereign, because Ulrich Gottfried was also heavily in debt. In 1674 the Neu Zauche estate was forcibly auctioned off. The then sovereign Duke Christian I of Saxony-Merseburg bought it for 30,000 thalers and converted it into a sovereign office. In the early days, the Neu Zauche office was leased, later it was administered by officials, the administrative seat was in Lübben. At the end of the 18th century it was administered together with the Lübben Office, but was always treated as a separate office. From around 1811 the Neu Zauche office is called the Rentamt, i. H. the office or the bailiff no longer managed the works themselves, but was only responsible for collecting pensions. The Neu Zauche office should, according to Beck et al. Dissolved in 1874. Heinrich Berghaus wrote about the “former Neu Zauche office” as early as 1855.

According to the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office's website, the village is said to have originally been located east of the “nearby” river, surrounded by dense forest, swamp and moor. During the Thirty Years War , the place is said to have been completely destroyed at this point and is said to have been rebuilt at its current location. There is no evidence of the relocation of the village after the Thirty Years War. The village center is a soil monument, the protective ground is the village center from the Middle Ages and modern times. 1708 a farmer who lived nine Kossäten and a Büdner in Caminchen. In 1718 there were eight cottages, the estimate for the village was 750 guilders. In 1723 the population is given as three farmers and nine kossas.

During the Seven Years' War , Frederick the Great set up camp at Caminchen (right wing) and Waldow (left wing and headquarters) on August 31, 1759 . The Austrian General Hadick had his camp near Lamsfeld on August 30, 1759 . But there were no significant battles.

The Schmettauschen map from 1767/87 shows two tar ovens near Caminchen. A tar stove was west of the town center. In the case of the tar kiln drawn to the northeast of the village, it is unclear whether it was located in the district of Caminchen at all, since no district boundaries are drawn. This tar stove is not mentioned (anymore) around 1800. There are also no known tar ovens in the neighboring towns in question. A mistake with the Schmettauschen card? In 1791 three farmers, nine cottagers and one housekeeper lived in the village. There was a forester's house, "in which the repentant forester lives" (Heidereiter = head forester). The pitch furnace was given on a long lease . In 1795 four free cottagers are mentioned (new settlers?). In 1809 there were four “Ganzbauern” (= full farmers), nine “Ganzkossät” and 15 cottagers or Büdner living in Caminchen. The tar furnace (now also called pitch furnace) west of the village had four residential buildings and 21 residents in 1818. In the village itself there were 25 residential buildings and 165 inhabitants. The place already had a school. In 1832 the farmers' lass property was converted into hereditary property. In 1840, 246 people lived in 35 residential buildings. On the Urmes table sheet 4050 Straupitz from 1846 there is a windmill to the east of the village. It was located at about 36 Caminchener Dorfstrasse. In 1850, eleven of the 263 inhabitants spoke Sorbian. During the great floods in the summer of 1854, 200 acres of meadows were flooded in the surrounding lowlands. The damage in Caminchen was estimated at 500 thalers. In 1861 there was a school or school building in Caminchen and a forester's house. The forester's house was roughly in the area of ​​Caminchener Dorfstrasse 1. In 1864, next to the forester's house and windmill, an “establishment” was named. The Caminchener Pechhütte is also known as the "former Theerofen-Etablissement". There was now only one residential building in which 12 residents lived. Pechhütte is now a residential area in the Caminchen district. In 1864 the place had 34 residential buildings and 306 inhabitants with Pechhütte. In 1867 there was no one among the more than 300 inhabitants who could speak Sorbian.

In 1870 the firewood rents due to the landowners in Caminchen and other villages of the Neu Zauche office in Börnichener Forst and the Sacrow-Caminchener Heide were replaced. 1870 a tavern is occupied, the owner was the innkeeper Lowa.

Population development from 1818 to 2002
year 1818 1846 1860 1875 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2002
Residents 177 258 306 297 297 307 308 279 437 366 270 258 227 209 220

After the Second World War , a new farmer position was created in Caminchen. In 1957 the agricultural production cooperative type I "Free Plaice" was founded in Caminchen .

Political history

Caminchen belonged to the Lower Lusatian Krummspree district of the Electorate, later the Kingdom of Saxony. After the transition from Niederlausitz to Prussia, the district was now called Kreis Lübben. With the transfer of the court from office to the district court of Lübben in 1849, Caminchen became an independent rural community within the district of Lübben. It remained in the district of Lübben even during the district reforms of 1950 and 1952, which in 1990 was renamed the district of Lübben . In 1992, Caminchen formed the Straupitz office together with nine other communities in the Lübben district. In 1993 the Lübben district was dissolved and merged with the Königs Wusterhausen and Luckau districts to form the Dahme-Spreewald district. Effective December 20, 1994, the Straupitz office was renamed Oberspreewald office . As part of the municipal reform in the state of Brandenburg on October 26, 2003, the municipalities of Briesensee and Caminchen were incorporated into the municipality of Neu Zauche. Since then, Caminchen has been part of the Neu Zauche community. The Office Oberspreewald was in 2003 with the Office Lieberose to lieberose / oberspreewald put together.

Caminchen has a local advisory board consisting of three members. The mayor in Caminchen is currently (2014) Mr. Eginhard Dehlan.

Church history

Caminchen has no church and, as far as is known, was always parish in Neu Zauche. It still belongs to the Protestant parish Neu Zauche today.

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Dahme-Spreewald only lists one soil monument

  • No.10044 Caminchen Flur 1,2: Village center modern times, village center German Middle Ages

Economy, tourism and leisure

The economy of the small town is characterized by small craft businesses and tourism. There is a sawmill and a timber construction company (carpentry), a company for sales and filling of chemical products and two sanitary and heating construction companies. Tourism plays an increasingly important role in the region due to the proximity to the Spreewald and Schwielochsee. Several holiday apartments are offered in the village, including farm holidays. Caminchen is connected to the regional network of trails for hikers and cyclists.

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 3, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855, online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated to Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with the corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (in the following abbreviated Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1 with corresponding page number).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Place names Niederlausitz
  2. ↑ Main statute of the community of Neu Zauche from December 4th, 2008 PDF ( Memento of the original from December 8th, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.amt-lieberose-oberspreewald.de
  3. ↑ Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina publishing house, Bautzen 1975, p. 35.
  4. ↑ a b c Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1, p. 224.
  5. ↑ Johann Friedrich Danneil : The sex of the von der Schulenburg, Volume 2. Commissioned by JD Schmidt, Salzwedel 1847, online at Google Books , p. 294ff., Georg I. and Joachim VII.
  6. ^ Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/16. Böhlau, Weimar 1964 (= overview of the holdings of the Brandenburg State Main Archive Potsdam, Part 1, Series of publications: Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archive , Volume 4), ISSN 0435-5946  
  7. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, pp. 651 , 652.
  8. ↑ Caminchen on the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office's website
  9. ↑ a b List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. District of Dahme-Spreewald. Status: December 31, 2016, PDF ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bldam-brandenburg.de
  10. ^ A b Henry Lloyd, Georg Friedrich von Tempelhoff: History of the Seven Years' War in Germany between the King of Prussia and the Empress Queen with her allies. Volume 3: Campaign of 1759. Unger, Berlin 1787, online at Google Books , p. 270
  11. ↑ Christian August Peschek: Description of the office Neuenzauche. In: Lausizische monthly. Volume 2, Görlitz 1791, online at Google Books , pp. 334–336, especially p. 335
  12. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 203.
  13. ↑ August Schumann: Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 4th volume, Verlag der Gebrüder Schumann, Zwickau 1817, online at Google Books , p. 457.
  14. ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O. Year 1833, No. 2 of January 9, 1833, online at Google Books , p. 14
  15. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, online at Google Books , p. 167
  16. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 139 .
  17. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Riehl: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their current existence. Scheu (Sala in Komm.), Berlin 1861, online at Google Books , p. 635.
  18. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. Cit. 1867, online at Google Books , p. 194.
  19. ^ Royal Prussian State Gazette. No. 352, dated November 6, 1870, supplement, online at Google Books , p. 4462
  20. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder. Born in 1870, No. 3, January 19, 1870, online at Google Books , p. 19
  21. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald PDF
  22. ^ Friedrich Redlich : Social development and names of the agricultural production cooperatives with special consideration of Niederlausitz. In: The name in language and society. German-Slavic research on onomatology and settlement history, Volume 27, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1973, pp. 203-219, especially p. 206
  23. ↑ Formation of the offices of Sonnewalde and Straupitz. Announcement by the Minister of the Interior of September 29, 1992. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 3, Number 81, October 22, 1992, pp. 1911–1912.
  24. ↑ Change of the name of the Straupitz office. Announcement by the Minister of the Interior of December 6, 1994. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 5, Number 90, December 19, 1994, p. 1721.
  25. ↑ Internet site of the Evangelical Church Community Neu Zauche
  26. ↑ Tour tips for cyclists and hikers, PDF