Carl von Ochs

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Carl Philipp Wilhelm von Ochs (* 12. February 1794 in Waldau ; † 9. December 1846 in Kassel ) was Kurhessischer major general , politician and member of parliament.

Life

origin

Carl was the son of Major General Adam Ludwig von Ochs (1759-1823) and his wife Marie Sophie, née Schödde (1762-1811). His brother Ludwig Johann Adolf (1804–1862) was a lieutenant colonel from the Electorate of Hesse and later also a member of the Electorate of Hesse.

Military career

As early as 1804, Ochs joined his father's hunter battalion as a portepeefähnrich , but was able to continue to attend the Kassel high school and distinguish himself there. After the lost Fourth Coalition War and the end of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia was proclaimed on November 15, 1807 . Ochs became a page and came with others to the imperial page institute in Saint-Cloud and then back to school in Kassel.

In 1810 he became the first page of King Jérôme Bonaparte and in 1811 he joined the royal guard as a second lieutenant . On the side of France, he took part in the Russian campaign in 1812 with the Grande Army . As he has done since his time as an ensign, he kept a detailed diary here. The supply shortages were already apparent as they approached. King Jérôme fell out with Marshals Davout and Vandamme and returned to Kassel. His 3,000-strong guard had to stay with the army. General Junot became the leader of the Westphalian troops . The Westphalen did not take part in the assault on Smolensk on August 18th, but were ambushed in pursuit on the 19th and suffered heavy losses. Ochs was slightly wounded here. In the battle of Borodino he lost his horse, was shot in the chest and one in the arm, both bullets could be removed again. The Westphalian army had about 500 dead and 2500 wounded.

During the retreat, the remaining 300 Westphalians just formed a battalion led by General Adam Ludwig von Ochs . When the troops reached Orsza , the general found his seriously ill son there. He managed to cross the Berezina with the wounded man . On November 28, 1812, Generals Ochs and Hammerstein reached the village of Zembin, north of Borissow, with about 50 officers and about 100 soldiers . There were also 80 horses of the light cavalry . At Kovno the troops lost their carts and the war chest and then had to save themselves on foot across the frozen Memel . In Thorn , General Ochs fell ill with nerve fever and was saved by his son when the city was already under attack. Lieutenant Ochs received the Order of the Westphalian Crown from King Jérôme and the Order of the Legion of Honor from Emperor Napoleon .

At the beginning of 1813 the Westphalian army was newly formed and Ochs came to the corps of General Hammerstein. On April 1, 1813, they went into the field again. At the beginning of the campaign, Ochs was General Wolff's adjutant and took part in the battles in Nordhausen , Hoyerswerda , Luckau and Spremberg . During the armistice he was sent to the headquarters in Dresden , and when it was over he returned to the regiment. Then Ochs fought near Großbeeren , Jüterbog , Wittenberg and Torgau . When the Prussians made the transition at Wartenburg , the Westphalian army had to retreat to Saxony. The lack of provisions and material and the defeats had demoralized the Westphalians. There were 60 men and 18 officers left of the Chevaulegers , 80 men and 12 officers of the Hussars . The troops also fought in the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , after which the group, which had melted down to 40 men and 13 officers, returned to Kassel.

After the collapse of the Kingdom of Westphalia, Ochs joined the Electorate of Hesse and was assigned to a hussar regiment as a prime lieutenant . The regiment took part in the campaign against the Napoleon in 1814. It reached the Rhine on March 2, 1814 and took part in the battles for the fortresses Longwy , Thonville and Metz . The campaign ended at the end of March with the capture of Paris .

In the summer campaign of 1815 Ochs was adjutant to the chief of the hussar regiment of the Colonel Shepherd. He excelled in the storm and the capture of the fortified city of Charlesville . On the market square, General Laplanche had to hand over his sword to Lieutenant Ochs. For this he received the Order of the Iron Helmet .

After the war, Ochs was transferred to Quartermaster General in 1818 , then to the Guard Hussars and then to the General Staff in Kassel. There he also became a member of the General War Department. In 1829 he was promoted to major and section leader of the IX. Army Corps appointed to the Federal Military Commission in Frankfurt am Main . The King of Saxony awarded Ochs the Commander's Cross of his Order of Merit . In 1833 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and transferred first to the Gardes du Corps regiment and then back to the general staff. Ochs also became chief of the rural police . Promoted to colonel in 1840 , he was appointed head of the Hessian General Staff in 1843 and was awarded the Commander's Cross, 2nd class, of the House Order of the Golden Lion . In 1845 he was transferred to the 2nd Dragoons Regiment, where he was promoted to major general in March 1846. After that he was reassigned to the General Staff as chief. His health was already in poor health when, in October 1846, as authorized representative of the Electorate of Hesse, he attended the inspection of the troops of the grand ducal Baden and the Rastatt fortress . On this occasion he received the order of the Zähringer lion .

He suffered kidney disease and died after being sick for 5 weeks.

He was also a member of the Hessian state parliament from 1836 to 1844.

family

Ochs married on 29 December 1836 in Jühnde Therese Baroness von Grote (1812 to 1871) from the house Jühnde. The couple had two sons and three daughters, including:

  • Adolf Eduard Georg (1839–1908), Prussian major ⚭ 1874 Marianne Engelharde von Nathusius (1847–1941)
  • Elisa Charlotte Ottilie (1845–1913) ⚭ 1868 Max Schott von Schottenstein (1836–1917)
  • Clara Emilie Nanny Lisette (1842-1853)
  • Alfred Leopold Karl (1843–1880), Prussian Prime Lieutenant in Hussar Regiment No. 16

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Electoral Hessian Court and State Handbook. 1835. p. 33.
  2. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlichen Häuser. 1873, p. 232.
  3. ↑ Wedding announcement. In: Frankfurter Ober-Post-Amts-Zeitung. 1837.
personal data
SURNAME Ochs, Carl von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ochs, Carl Philipp Wilhelm von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Kurhessischer major general, politician and member of parliament
DATE OF BIRTH February 12, 1794
PLACE OF BIRTH Waldau
DATE OF DEATH December 9, 1846
Place of death kassel