David Theodor August Suabedissen

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David Theodor August Suabedissen (born April 14, 1773 in Melsungen , † May 14, 1835 in Marburg ) was a German Protestant theologian , educator and philosopher .

Origin and education

Suabedissen was a son of the Hessian-Kassel judicial officer Hermann Friedrich Suabedissen († 1790) in Melsungen and received his, overall poor, school education primarily from private teachers. Since his father was soon transferred to the landgrave office in Bischhausen , David initially received lessons from a candidate for the office of preacher who was based in Bischhausen . In 1784, his father was transferred back to the Melsungen office and the boy now attended the city school in Melsungen, the quality of which left something to be desired that he learned practically nothing there in his three years. The school year 1787/88 passed without his parents, in view of their large number of children, being able to afford further schooling. The hope of having his son trained by a preacher in Rengshausen in 1788 was dashed when the husband died two weeks later. But then the new city ​​pastor in Melsungen found himself ready to instruct the boy in Latin , Greek and Hebrew . In the spring of 1789, at the age of just 16, he began studying philosophy and theology at the Philipps University of Marburg as a scholarship holder of the Hessian Scholarship Institute , which he completed in September 1793 and was admitted as a candidate for the office of preacher ("candidatus reverendi").

Act

Since his father had already died in 1790, he now had to make a living himself, and so he initially took a job as a tutor with the preacher Clausenius in Allendorf an der Werra . In the spring of 1795 he returned to Marburg , where he became the second major of the scholarship holders , repeated the philosophical and theological lectures with the scholarship holders and was able to continue his own studies. At the beginning of 1800 he was appointed professor of philosophy at the high school in Hanau , which was already in decline . At the beginning of 1803 he resigned from this office and founded a private educational institution in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe , which he moved to Hanau at Easter 1804 at the request of several parents. In the spring of 1805 he was appointed first teacher at the newly founded school of the Reformed Congregation in Lübeck , where almost 30 students were taught. When this school was to be subjected to considerable restrictions on its teaching autonomy after Lübeck was incorporated into the Département des Bouches de l'Elbe of the French Empire , Suabedissen went to Kassel in 1812 , where by royal decree of July 25, 1812, Nathanael Caesar became director as the superior of the rector of the Lyceum and the civic school ("école secondaire") separated from it and led both of them to reorient themselves. In November 1813, the philosophy faculty in Marburg awarded him the title of Doctor of Philosophy.

After the restoration of the Electorate of Hesse in the autumn of 1813 , the position of director was abolished in April 1814: Nathanael Caesar became the independent rector of the Lyceum again, and Suabedissen continued to work as a high school professor at the Lyceum and as rector of the town school. At the end of September 1815 he gave up this position, because in October 1815 he was appointed instructor of Prince Friedrich Wilhelm, who later became Elector Friedrich Wilhelm I of Kassel . With this he went to the University of Leipzig , where the two stayed until 1820. During this time, he had to turn down invitations to take over a professorship in Heidelberg in 1816 and in Bonn in 1818. In 1819 he was appointed court advisor to the elector .

After the end of his employment with the Prince Elector, he lived as a private individual partly in Melsungen with his mother and partly in Lübeck. In spring 1822 he was appointed full professor of philosophy at the Philipps University in Marburg. There he gave lectures on logic and metaphysics, practical philosophy, natural law and moral theory, the history of philosophy, the doctrine of man and a philosophical introduction to the history of mankind. In 1825 he was dean of the philosophy faculty.

Suabedissen had an exchange of letters with Goethe and the Brothers Grimm . In 1834 he was made an honorary citizen of Marburg for his services to the university . He was already ailing from 1828 and died on May 14, 1835.

He was first influenced by Kant , then by Carl Leonhard Reinhold and Schelling . Eventually he developed his own eclectic system . His contemporaries described the subjective turn of speculation towards inner self-observation as peculiar and at first doubted and rejected it. His contemporaries recognized his contributions to the history of philosophy and anthropology .

Works (selection)

  • Results of philosophical research on the nature of human knowledge from Plato to Kant.
  • Letters about the difference in the upbringing of boys and girls. (Römhild, Lübeck, 1806)
  • A contribution to the development of the concept of method in education. (Lübeck, 1808)
  • About inner perception. (1808)
  • General thoughts on teaching and discipline in community schools and lyceums. (Kassel, 1812)
  • The contemplation of man. (3 volumes, Kassel, 1815-1818)
  • Philosophy of history. (Kassel, 1821)
  • As an introduction to philosophy. (1827)
  • On the concept of psychology and its relation to the related sciences. (1829)
  • Basic principles of the doctrine of man. (1829)
  • Basic features of the philosophical doctrine of religion. (1831)

Footnotes

  1. ↑ In 1843, the citizen school was merged with the Realschule founded a few years earlier to form the Real and Citizens School, renamed the Higher Citizens School in 1869, classified as a Second Order Realschule in June 1879 and upgraded to the Upper Realschule in 1893. In 1906, when a second secondary school was founded, it was renamed Oberrealschule I, in 1933 as Adolf-Hitler-Oberrealschule and finally closed in 1945.

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personal data
SURNAME Suabedissen, David Theodor August
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Protestant theologian, educator and philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH April 14, 1773
PLACE OF BIRTH Melsungen
DATE OF DEATH May 14, 1835
Place of death Marburg