Tolima

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Tolima
flag
coat of arms
Data
Capital Ibagué
governor Óscar Barreto Quiroga (2016–2019)
surface 23,562 km²
Population  (Total)
 - 2005 Census
 -  Population Density 		 
1,365,342 
58 inhabitants / km²
urbanization 54.6%
Literacy rate 85%
Number of parishes 47
Popular name tolimense
Important cities El Espinal , Líbano , Honda
map
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Location of Tolima in Colombia

The Departamento del Tolima is a department in central Colombia . Starting from the north in a clockwise direction, it is surrounded by the departments of Caldas , Cundinamarca , Huila , Valle del Cauca , Quindío and Risaralda . The Las Hermosas Natural Park and the Los Nevados National Park are tourist attractions.

history

Map of the Sovereign State of Tolima 1865.

The region was inhabited in pre-Colubian times by the Caribbean people of the Pijaos who immigrated from the Orinoco . Numerous anthropomorphic gold figures that were found here date from the late Tolima culture around 100-1000 AD . In the 1530s, Sebastián de Belalcázar conquered the area for Spain. In 1812 the province of Mariquita, to which Tolima belonged, declared independence from Spain. In 1861 the sovereign state of Tolima was founded as a part of the United States of America with its own postal administration . At the beginning of the 20th century, the department was created in its current form (smaller than in 1861).

During the armed conflict in Colombia , Tolima was one of the regions with the highest levels of violence and human rights violations. The guerrillas chose the coffee-growing region of Colombia as a strategic target and the paramilitaries hit back particularly hard here. As a result, the coffee harvest almost halved between 1990 and 2006. Since 2006 the violence has decreased.

economy

The economy is based on agriculture and livestock. Rice , sorghum , cotton , coffee and fruits are grown . The little important industry processes the agricultural products. Tourism is playing an increasing role, especially around the Cañon del Combeima near Ibagué . Here live u. a. Spectacled bears and prairie buzzards at an altitude of 2000 meters.

In 2007, a huge gold deposit, possibly the world's largest, was discovered, and the Canadian Tolima Gold Inc. , founded in 2011, is working on its development . The majority of the residents of the Cajamarca community in Tolima, where Anglogold Ashanti's La Colosa gold project is located, one of the most important companies in South America with resources of 28.5 million ounces, voted against mining in March 2017.

Administrative division

The Departamento de Tolima consists of 47 municipalities, see the list of Municipios in the Departamento del Tolima .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ W. Ash, N. Mirovitskaya: Economic Delopment Strategies and the Evolution of Violence in Latin America. Springer 2016, p. 105 f.
  2. ↑ The power of the people Anti-mining referendums influence investments miningscout.de, accessed on July 11, 2017