Dieter Kunzelmann

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Dieter Kunzelmann (born July 14, 1939 in Bamberg ; † May 9, 2018 in Berlin ) was a German left-wing political activist and head of the terrorist group Tupamaros West Berlin . In 1975 he was a candidate for the unsuccessful candidate KPD-AO and from 1983 to 1985 a member of the Alternative List in Berlin .

Life

68 movement and SDS

Kunzelmann became a member of the Munich artist group SPUR and the Situationist International in the early 1960s . After the group was disbanded, he became the founder of various groups, such as the Munich “subversive campaign”, and in this context became known above all for the happenings and leaflet campaigns he helped to organize . After leaving Munich, he became a well-known activist of the 1968 movement in West Berlin and was briefly - until his exclusion - a member of the Socialist German Student Union (SDS), although he was not a student. Kunzelmann was a co-founder of Kommune I (K1), the Central Council of the Wandering Hash Rebels and the terrorist organization Tupamaros West Berlin .

Activist in Commune I.

On January 1, 1967, he was one of the first to move to Commune I alongside Fritz Teufel and Ulrich Enzensberger . It was initially founded in the studio apartment of the writer Uwe Johnson in Berlin-Friedenau , then moved to an old building on Kaiser-Friedrich-Strasse on Stuttgarter Platz in Berlin-Charlottenburg and later to Berlin-Moabit . There he tried out new ways of life and took on the public role as chief provocateur .

Linking left-wing terrorism with anti-Semitism

In July 1969 Kunzelmann took part in the "prison camp of Ebrach ". Reinhard Wetter, an activist of the Extra-Parliamentary Opposition (APO), was serving a sentence in the youth detention center there. On this occasion, almost 200 people from APO circles met there for a week. From there, Kunzelmann went to Italy on July 20, initially with 20 other camp participants at the invitation of the anarchist group Uccelli . In Rome , however, Kunzelmann, Georg von Rauch , Ina Siepmann , Lena Conradt and Albert Fichter decided to travel on to Jordan by car and contact the Palestinian organization Fatah . The Italian publisher Giangiacomo Feltrinelli financed this lengthy expedition . They arrived in Amman on October 5th . There they met prominent Fatah representatives, including Yasser Arafat and Farouk Kaddoumi , and received brief military training and training in bomb construction. Most of the group, including Kunzelmann, von Rauch and Fichter, had already returned to Berlin at the beginning of November, while Siepmann stayed in Jordan for months.

On November 9, 1969, the anniversary of the November pogroms of 1938 , a bomb attack was carried out on the Jewish parish hall in Berlin , to which a left-wing radical group called "Black Rats / Tupamaros West Berlin " claimed to be in a leaflet shortly afterwards . Kunzelmann is their head. The bomb, delivered by Peter Urbach , an undercover agent for the Office for the Protection of the Constitution , did not explode due to a technical defect; it is unclear whether Urbach and / or the bombers themselves were aware of this defect or not. There was no charge for the attempted attack.

In 2005, Wolfgang Kraushaar found out that Albert Fichter had been the bomber. Following Fichter's statements and supported by further information, Kraushaar accused Kunzelmann of having been the instigator of the attack. Fichter also claimed: “Dieter Kunzelmann always talked about 'Saujuden' and was constantly rushing. Back then he acted like a classic anti-Semite . ” Bommi Baumann also claimed that the idea to detonate this bomb came“ solely ”from Dieter Kunzelmann.

Kunzelmann himself had a “letter from Amman” published in the “ scene sheet ” Agit 883 on November 27, 1969 . He was by no means in Amman, but in the Berlin underground. In this letter, Kunzelmann called for solidarity with Fatah:

“Palestina [sic] is to the FRG and Europe what Vietnam is to the Americans. The left have not yet grasped this. Why? The Judenknax. [...] When we have finally learned to understand the fascist ideology ' Zionism ', we will no longer hesitate to replace our simple philosemitism with clear solidarity with AL FATAH, who in the Middle East was fighting the Third Reich yesterday and today and recorded its consequences. "

He made further allusions to the attack: He spoke of the "chance to bomb" which the Palestine Committee had not used to "start a campaign" and of the "bombers" who were "a little further ahead". Gerd Koenen rates the "Letter from Amman" as an "apology" for the attack on the Jewish parish hall in Berlin, which Kunzelmann described as a "bombshell chance of November 9th" and, because Kunzelmann was back in Berlin at the supposed time of the constitution, as "a bit more personal Camouflage". According to Lothar Menne , the former publishing director of Hoffmann and Campe , who knew him from Munich, Kunzelmann had been an anti-Semite since the early 1960s .

In his autobiography , published in 1998 , Kunzelmann denied any involvement in the attack and said: “It should have been clear to every leftist that such an action could not arouse any sympathy for the legitimate concerns of the Palestinians ; Not to mention the fact that it is forbidden in view of the German past. "

Towards the end of the 1960s, Kunzelmann was imprisoned several times, in 1970 he was arrested for a Molotov cocktail attack on the villa of the BZ editor -in- chief Malte-Till Kogge . Kunzelmann was in custody for over three years. After his conviction, he was released as a "candidate" but not a member of the student KPD in Berlin (formerly KPD / AO ) for the West Berlin parliamentary elections in 1975 . After his release from prison in 1975 he trained as a printer .

1980s: Member of the Alternative List

From 1983 to 1985 he was a member of the Alternative List in the Berlin House of Representatives for almost two years . Kunzelmann meticulously collated all the press releases in which he played a role. He then worked as an archivist in Hans-Christian Ströbele's law firm .

Egg-throwing and staged suicide

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, he made a name for himself through political disruptive actions and egg-throwing. On October 11, 1993, for example, Kunzelmann threw an egg at the official car of the then Governing Mayor of Berlin, Eberhard Diepgen , at the groundbreaking ceremony at Potsdamer Platz ; the windshield was damaged. For this he was sentenced to a five-month suspended sentence. The trial took place in December 1995. Eberhard Diepgen was invited as a witness. With the words "Happy Easter, you Santa Claus", Kunzelmann crushed an egg on Eberhard Diepgen's head during the hearing on December 20, 1995. As a result, Kunzelmann received two weeks of custody. In addition, on January 16, 1997, the suspended sentence was converted into a five-month prison sentence on appeal . For the second egg attack, Kunzelmann was sentenced on January 31, 1997 to a further 6 months' imprisonment; both convictions were reduced to a single sentence . Kunzelmann escaped from custody by fleeing. On April 3, 1998, he staged his suicide through a newspaper advertisement . In the Berliner Zeitung there was an advertisement with the text "Not only about his life, he also freely determined his death, Dieter Kunzelmann, 1939–1998". On July 14, 1999, his 60th birthday, he officially reappeared to serve his sentence. He was released on May 13, 2000, again followed by three eggs to be thrown on the Tegel prison wall.

Fonts

literature

Web links

Wikiquote: Dieter Kunzelmann  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dieter Kunzelmann. In: trauer.infranken.de . May 19, 2018. Retrieved May 19, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Bare bum and pudding bomb. In: heute.de . January 14, 2007, archived from the original on October 13, 2007 ; accessed on May 17, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Daniel Guthmann, Joachim Palutzki: The APO in the Bavarian province: The prison camp of Ebrach. (PDF, 286 kB; also as an mp3 audio file , 45 MB, 49:36 minutes) In: Deutschlandfunk broadcast “Das Feature”. April 6, 2018, archived from the original on May 17, 2018 ; accessed on May 17, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Gerd Koenen : The red decade. Our little cultural revolution 1967–1977 . Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2001, p. 176f.
    Aribert Reimann: Dieter Kunzelmann. Pp. 226-235.
  5. ↑ Marcel Gyr: Controversial information from the USA on the "Würenlingen" case. In: nzz.ch . September 15, 2016, accessed May 17, 2018 .
  6. ^ Steffen Mayer, Susanne Opalka: Bomb terror against the Jewish community - after 30 years the perpetrator unpacks. (No longer available online.) In: rbb-online. November 10, 2005, archived from the original on September 27, 2007 ; accessed on May 17, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rbb-online.de
  7. ↑ Bernd Mathies: Late confession of a bomber. In: Der Tagesspiegel . June 29, 2005. Retrieved May 17, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Philipp Gessler, Stefan Reinecke : “We didn't take it seriously.” A conversation with Tilman Fichter. In: The daily newspaper (taz). October 25, 2005, pp. 15-17 , accessed May 17, 2018 . Stefan Reinecke: The split off assassination attempt. In: The daily newspaper (taz). July 1, 2005, p. 4 , accessed on May 17, 2018 : "[Kraushaar] ... bases this on plausible-sounding statements by Albert Fichter and Annekatrin Brunn, who were part of Kunzelmann's group at the time."
  9. ↑ Quoted from Jan Süselbeck : Deutsche Zeitbombe. How Wolfgang Kraushaar tries to reveal the forgotten anti-Semitism of the 68s. In: Jungle World . July 6, 2005, accessed May 17, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Munich 1970. When terror came to us , TV documentary by Georg M. Hafner , 34:35 min. – 34: 37 min.
  11. ^ Dieter Kunzelmann: Letter from Amman. (PDF, 2.1 MB) In: Agit 883 . reflect on nadir.org , November 27, 1969 S. 5 , accessed on 17 May 2018 .
  12. ↑ cf. also Gerd Koenen : Schalom and Napalm. In: Die Zeit 10/2002. February 28, 2002, accessed May 17, 2018 .
  13. ↑ Gerd Koenen: Vesper, Ensslin, Baader. Primal scenes of German terrorism. Fischer TB, Frankfurt 2005, pp. 258f.
  14. ↑ Willi Winkler: Already forgotten? In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . November 9, 2012, ISSN  0174-4917 , p. 3 .
  15. ↑ Wolfgang Kraushaar: The bomb in the Jewish community center , p. 234.
  16. ^ Aribert Reimann: Dieter Kunzelmann . P. 261, accessed on May 17, 2018.
  17. ↑ MP: Ede Ben Otto . In: Der Spiegel . No. 27 , 1983, pp. 66-67 ( online ).
  18. ↑ After the egg throws: From Kohl to Kunzelmann. In: tagesspiegel.de . July 3, 2001. Retrieved May 17, 2018 .
  19. ↑ stern 21/1999, May 19, 1999, p. 60, detailed interview.
  20. ^ Walk through the neighborhood on September 11, 2004 from Stuttgarter Platz to Charlottenburg Palace. In: berlin.de. September 8, 2014, accessed May 17, 2018 .
  21. ↑ Gerd Nowakowski: Messages from a "seemingly dead". In: Der Tagesspiegel . January 12, 1999, accessed May 17, 2018 .
  22. ↑ Meike Bruhns: Political provocateur Dieter Kunzelmann has served his sentence until the last day: He throws again . In: Berliner Zeitung , May 15, 2005
  23. ↑ Uwe Sonnenberg: Review of: Reimann, Aribert: Dieter Kunzelmann. Avant-garde, protester, radical. Göttingen 2009. In: H-Soz-Kult . March 4, 2010, accessed May 17, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Kunzelmann, Dieter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German political activist of the 1968 movement, head of the Tupamaros West Berlin terrorist group, Member of the Bundestag
DATE OF BIRTH July 14, 1939
PLACE OF BIRTH Bamberg
DATE OF DEATH May 9, 2018
Place of death Berlin