Beesdau village church
The Protestant village church Beesdau is a stone church in Beesdau , a district of the municipality Heideblick in the district of Dahme-Spreewald in the state of Brandenburg . The church belongs to the parish of Lower Lausitz the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Oberlausitz .
location
The Straße der Einheit leads from the northwest in a southeast direction through the village. In the middle of the historic street village , the building stands northeast of the street on a plot of land that is fenced in with a wall made of uncut and non-layered field stones and some hedges .
history
There are different details about the exact construction date. The Brandenburg State Office for the Preservation of Monuments and the State Archaeological Museum specifies the 14th century as the construction period in its monument database. The Dehio manual assumes that construction began in the second half of the 14th century. Dendrochronological studies on the roof of the west tower showed that the wood used there was felled in 1482 and 1483. For reasons that have not yet been clarified, the tower was made wider than originally planned. Builders of the time tended to reduce the floor space in order to save building material and at the same time to be able to build taller towers. In Beesdau, however, teeth have been preserved in the interior of the tower, which indicate that the tower was originally intended to be one meter narrower. In 1501 craftsmen renewed the eastern gable of the nave and in 1515 built the upper tower floor with the sound arcades . In the second half of the 16th century, those of Polentz held the church patronage. At her request, craftsmen converted the interior into a memorial church . The Saxon influence of the family from Meißen was decisive for the church furnishings . In 1751 the church burned. In 1869 a south vestibule was added, which gave access to the patronage box. This was restored in 1996.
Building description
The builders mainly used field stones on this structure, which were mostly not hewn or layered. Individual stylistic elements, such as the corner stones on the choir , were designed with carved lawn iron stones . Reddish bricks or stone fragments were mostly used for repair work .
The choir is straight and has not moved in. On the east side there is a lancet triple window , which should be original. Above it is a staggered gable with five panels , which was rebuilt in the 15th or 16th century. The two outer diaphragms are segmented, the three in the middle are ogive. On the northern wall of the choir, the remains of a clogged, pressed segment arched priest gate can be seen. It is brightly plastered , with brick underneath. Above this, the remains of a gable-shaped approach can be seen, which must have reached just below the eaves . It could have been a sacristy . On the south side there are two large round arched windows, their flesh plastered and the upper keystone highlighted.
The nave has a rectangular floor plan. On the north wall there is only a small, segment-arched window with a plastered fascia and an accentuated keystone. The two-storey extension dominates the south side. It has a rectangular floor plan and can be entered from the south side via a large arched portal. Next to it are each a small arched window; two more in the middle above the gate. Above it is a circular aperture. On the west and east sides are two coupled round arches that extend over both floors. Another circular aperture is in the middle. On the south nave there are two more large windows facing west. The right one cuts a community gate with a wall made of lawn iron stone, which is covered with reddish brick. The upper areas of the ship are plastered and the building structure can be seen below.
The transverse rectangular west tower is slightly drawn in. Its corners are emphasized by a toothbrush. In the center on the west side is a pressed-segment arched gate, which shows repair work with reddish brick. Above the seaman's grave is reproduced in plaster. Above it is a tall, rectangular, narrow window. The north and south sides are closed. In the bell storey there are two each on the west and east side, on the north and south side an ogival panel each, in each of which two coupled, round arch-shaped sound arcades with a raised diamond are embedded. Above it is a cross in the middle. The hipped roof ends with a weather vane and a star.
Furnishing
The altar retable , described as “monumental” in the Dehio manual, was created by the sculptor Samuel Hanauer from Strehla in 1606 or 1616. It consists of a three-storey tower that is modeled on an aedicula . The freestanding columns are decorated with fittings . In the median, the Lord's Supper , the Entombment and the Ascension are depicted in a classic sequence . To with coving decorated walls the founding family is depicted kneeling. The aedicule is crowned by a cornice with cheeks on which the evangelists can be seen. Above it is a cartouche with the phoenix and an angel blowing a trumpet . Another work by Hanauer is in the St. Nikolai Church in Lübbenau. The pulpit was made of sandstone in 1566. The pulpit is round and is carried by several angels. A relief of the Garden of Eden is depicted in the center of the parapet ; about it God the Father . There are two children's gravestones on the side.
West of the pulpit is a tombstone for Jacob von Polentz, who died in 1620, and a double tombstone for Hans von Polentz, who died in 1564, and his wife Dorothea. It is a work by Georg Schröter from Torgau from 1565, who worked the vita of the deceased into the stone under a flat gable. Schröter created another work in 1564 that commemorates Elisabeth von der Schulenburg and Anna von Ziegesar, who both died in 1563. Wolf Mönch, also from Torgau, created a gravestone that reminds of Sarah von Loß, who died in 1609. His best-known work is a figure of Moses who stands in the Marienstern monastery in Mühlberg / Elbe . In the north wall of the nave there is a sacrament niche that could have come from the construction period.
On the north and east walls there are extensive wall paintings from around 1480/1490. They probably belong to the same group of works as the works in the village church of Riedebeck and Goßmar . They show the passion and stigmatization of Francis of Assisi and are decorated with tendril paintings. Larger areas are covered by epitaphs , which are decorated with relief figures of the deceased, including Jacob von Polentz, who died in 1549. Two other figure tombstones commemorate a knight from Polentz and Elisabeth von Polentz, who died in 1587 and 1620 respectively. A painting on the east wall shows the martyrdom of Lawrence of Rome . The wall paintings were partially restored in 1996 and from 2000 to 2002.
The building has a plastered ceiling inside, which replaces a wooden barrel vault from the end of the 15th or the beginning of the 16th century. This is also indicated by the raised lancet triple window and the remains of a fresco on the shield arch. The sacred building in Beesdau thus followed a regional trend of that time to provide the choir area with wooden barrels that reached into the roof space.
To the southwest of the building there is a memorial to those who died in the First World War .
literature
- Georg Dehio (edited by Gerhard Vinken et al.): Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Dirk Schumann: Brick, Feldstein and Raseneisenstein: Considerations on rural church building in Niederlausitz using selected examples , published in Anne Gehrmann, Dirk Schumann (ed.): Dorfkirchen in der Niederlausitz. History - architecture - monument preservation. Lucas-Verlag, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-86732-054-2 .
- ^ Church Riedebeck website of the Evangelical Parish Office Langengrassau, accessed on April 1, 2018.
Coordinates: 51 ° 47 ′ 29.1 " N , 13 ° 44 ′ 19.7" E