Schinkel Church in Wuthenow
| Schinkelkirche zu Wuthenow Village church Wuthenow |
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| address | Wuthenow, Dorfstrasse |
| Denomination | evangelical |
| local community | Evangelical general parish of Ruppin |
| Current usage | Parish church; Cultural place |
| building | |
| start of building | 1836 |
| completion | November 4, 1837 |
| inauguration | December 17, 1837 |
| Renewals | in the 1960s and gradually restored from 1991 |
| style | late classical |
| architect | Karl Friedrich Schinkel |
The Schinkelkirche zu Wuthenow , also the village church of Wuthenow , is a Protestant church in the Neuruppin district of Wuthenow, consecrated in 1837 .
history
Predecessor churches
A first, likely half-timbered church for the first German settlers in Wuthenow ("Wotenowe") was built in the Middle Ages around 1200 on the highest elevation of the village, the Lankeberg. The visitation protocol from 1541 shows the village church of Wuthenow as the mother church ("mater") of the Neuruppin parish church , which is why the Neuruppin superintendents were also pastors of Wuthenow until the beginning of the 20th century.
According to the illustration in the painting Prospectus Ruppinensis ac Wuthenowensis inventus a M. Samuele Dietrich Pet. Inspect. pictus from Henrico Krügero, 1694 (view of Neuruppin and Wuthenow from 1694) and traditional reports, residents of the village had built a second church around 1600, which had a wooden tower above the half-timbered hall. The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) did not spare the village of Wuthenow either, so that farmhouses were destroyed and many residents fled or were killed. The Church, too, had suffered greatly. The tower top was damaged by a storm on February 14, 1648 , but the bells were not.
Then the Wuthenower built a new, larger church by 1721, in which Inspector (Superintendent) Johann Christoph Schinkel, father of Karl Friedrich Schinkel , was active as a pastor. In a report from 1810 it says about this building: “On the last Sunday, shortly before the service, a large piece of lime fell from the ceiling, just on the font .” So the building fell into disrepair after less than 100 years.
The subsequent repair attempts did not improve the condition, so that in 1834 the parish decided to demolish it and then rebuild it. With foresight, building inspector Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Hermann made drafts for a new church building in 1824 and submitted them to the responsible Potsdam government . However, the reviewers rejected the project and instead demanded the use of the Schinkel normal church, which has now become widespread . To save money, the bell tower should be left out first. District administrator Friedrich Christian von Zieten was able to obtain a subsidy from the government for the complete tower construction. The demolition of the third village church began on May 2, 1836.
Building history
The church was built as a normal church according to the design by Karl Friedrich Schinkel . It was a question of the multiple use of the building plans in rural Prussia, which could be adapted to the local characteristics with little effort and were therefore comparatively inexpensive. Houses of worship in this style were built around the same time in the parishes of Krangen and Tarmow .
The construction from the laying of the foundation stone in around June / July 1836 lasted until November 4, 1837 and cost 7,316 thalers , 12 groschen and 5 pfennigs . Of the total, 60 percent went to the nave , the rest to the church tower . The construction work was under the direction of the master mason ("Baukondukteur") Friedrich Wilhelm Eduard Jakobi.
The inauguration was carried out by Superintendent Johann Gottlieb Schroener. After this ceremony he had to write a report to the government in which, among other things, he expressed the “most obedient thanks from pastor and congregation for this new church, which is by far the most beautiful of the churches in the country”.
From 1837 to 1990
In 1956, a heated room in the northern gallery was separated for teaching purposes, the community members also call it "the Rapunzel Tower". In the same year the church received electrical lighting , a few years later the interior was renovated and the nave was re- covered . In 1986/1987 the facade was renewed.
Since 1990
After the fall of the Wall , the parish managed to transfer the building back into its ownership. She had the electrical bell system replaced by an electronically controlled one and arranged for a tea kitchen and toilet to be installed in the former northern staircase. In addition, parts of the church building were gradually renewed. In 2015 the roof was re-covered, exposing the original ceiling of the nave.
architecture
The inventory book of 1871 contains the following description of the church:
“The church is in the middle of the village on the northeast side behind the sexton's house . It is 68 feet long, of which 13 1/2 are on the tower and 54 1/2 on the nave of the church; 41 1/2 deep, a regular oblongum , solid and very solid throughout. It is twenty-one feet high to the roof, while the tower is sixty-seven feet high and is adorned with a gilded cross at the top; three other gold-plated crosses are on top of the tower side building and on the church roof on the east gable. Thurm- and church roof are with bricks covered all the cornices by zinc plates protected. The church is colored pink and makes a very friendly impression in its whole shape and structure. "
Nave
The church building stands parallel to Dorfstrasse, not exactly east , but turned around 10 degrees to the north. It is a plastered and finished structure with a gable roof.
The outside dimensions of the nave are: 21.30 m long (including the tower), 12.92 m wide, inside it is 11.30 m wide. On both long sides, four arched windows let daylight into the church interior. On the side of the choir, two symmetrically arranged, identically designed arched windows are incorporated. The church windows in white wooden frames are segmented but not colored.
In 1956, a part of the nave under the organ gallery was partitioned off as a community room and was first used for church services on March 8th.
Steeple
The church tower with its two side towers, in which the bells are housed, is as wide as the entire nave up to the first floor, above which the main tower rises to a height of 19.30 m. This is low in relation to its gable-wide substructure.
Christian von Bassewitz , President of the Province of Brandenburg , visited the church while it was still being built and noted in his travel report: "I didn't like the front facade of the tower." the church building was completed according to Schinkel's plans.
Each of the three roughly equally wide lower sections of the tower has its own, but equally high and wide, arched entrance door on the west side of the building. The middle entrance leads into a narthex with an almost square floor plan with sides 2.25 m × 2.30 m (inside). The other two entrances led to the stairways leading to the galleries , but only the southern gallery has been preserved. From the mezzanine floor there is a central staircase leading up to the main tower.
Originally chandeliers , which probably came from the previous churches , as well as the prospectus picture by Neuruppin and Wuthenow from the 17th century hung in the anteroom. Candlesticks and paintings were hung directly in the church in the 20th century.
The actual church tower rises 7.70 m above the broad base and has a square floor plan of around 4 × 4 m. A church tower clock with two simple white square dials was added to the lower part around 1910 . Before that, there must have been a clock at the level of the gallery, because a number ring can be seen above the central portal. At the very top, set off by a wide ledge , an arcade-like corridor, open on all four sides , closes the tower shaft. Finally the church tower ends in a relatively flat pyramid roof , crowned in the middle by a cross on a tower ball .
Furnishing
Choir, altar and pulpit
The full width of the choir adjoins the main nave. Adjacent to it is an altar wall with the semicircular pulpit altar .
The altar on a three-tier pedestal is a simple altar table ( cafeteria ) on which there are cast-iron candlesticks in the shape of a Herme and a crucifix .
The simple, movable wooden font carries a shallow bowl with a water jug.
According to Schinkel's understanding of religion , sermon , liturgy and sacrament were synonymous, which is why pulpit, altar and baptism form a design unit.
Galleries
The church interior is surrounded by a three-sided gallery on beam columns. The side galleries each protrude 2.32 m into the nave, the west gallery is somewhat narrower, but carries the organ . Like the side of the altar, the three-sided gallery balustrade is subdivided like a cassette, primed white and bordered with gold stripes. The pews in the galleries and the pews on the ground floor are undecorated seats painted white. In addition to the staircase on the west side, there is also a staircase from the choir area (on the south-east side).
Chandelier, baptism, window, pictures and painting
There are two chandeliers in the church . The original rear crystal chandelier mentioned in the volume Kunstdenkmäler der Provinz Brandenburg is badly damaged and has been replaced by a simple chandelier. They are lit up with candles at concerts or church services.
From the second village church there is a brass baptismal bowl donated to the Wuthenow church in 1672. It is currently used as a sacrificial bowl.
The following paintings are in the nave:
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Prospectus Ruppinensis ac Wuthenowensis inventus a M. Samuele Dietrich Pet. Inspect. pictus from Henrico Krügero, 1694 .
In the Walks through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 1 - Die Grafschaft Ruppin from 1861 - Theodor Fontane describes this historical city view of Neuruppin, which at the time was hanging in the church anteroom. The painting was first professionally restored in 1855, then in 1981. Since then it has been hanging in the church, to the left of the altar under the north gallery. - Christ with the globe and the words from John 14.6 Via, Veritas, Vita (way, truth, life), originated around the end of the 17th century, and provided with the name of the founder
- Martin Luther , picture by C. Werneke from 1837
- Christ picture by Walter Mohrig, 1935
As is typical for Protestant churches, there is no elaborate wall or ceiling painting. The choir wall is formed by a white wooden panel, the recessed rectangles of which are set off with gold stripes. The spaces between the windows and the wall surfaces have a smooth red coat of paint and thus contrast with the basic white tones. There are boards on the wooden beam ceiling of the nave, both painted white.
organ
In the year the church building was inaugurated, there was no organ . In 1856 the Lütkemüller company from Wittstock installed a single-manual organ with an attached pedal on the gallery . The community paid around 400 thalers for the instrument and its installation. The organ disposition is as follows:
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The instrument was played on January 4, 1857, when the Royal Music Director Ferdinand Möhring from Neuruppin was present. On this occasion, Möhring complained that “an independent sub-bass is missing in the pedal”.
In addition to the delivery of two bells in the First World War as a metal donation from the German people , the organ pipes from the prospectus also had to be delivered and were then melted down. In 1921, organ builder Carl Hoffmann from Neuruppin made a new prospectus with pipes, which is framed by simple light wood.
In 1980 the organ was overhauled by Ulrich Fahlberg, Eberswalde . Until 2006, the wind supply was ensured exclusively by a Kalkanten , only since then has an additional electric fan been available.
Bells
The bell cage stands for the big bell in the northern tower, the two smaller bells are in the southern tower facing the street.
The large bronze bell at the church inauguration came from the Thiele foundry in Berlin and was dated 1818. It weighed 436 kilograms and had a diameter of 92 cm at the sharpness (the lower edge of the bell) . During the First World War , it had to be removed and delivered together with the smallest bronze bell (this had no inscription but hanging lilies on its neck). They were used to recover tin and copper that were needed for war equipment. After the global economic crisis, the community commissioned a new large bell made of chilled iron . It was rung for the first time in 1927.
The middle bell is the oldest and probably comes from the first church building in the village. On the Wolm it bears a text in uncial script that has not yet been deciphered .
In 1921 the smallest bell was replaced by a new bronze bell made in the Lauchhammer foundry in Torgau .
| Bell jar | Chime | Weight (kg) |
Diameter (cm) |
inscription | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big bell | G' | 650 | 137 | Chilled iron | |
| Medium bell | b ′ | 730 | 77 | Uncial script , not deciphered | Clapper replaced before 1914 |
| Little bell | a ′ | 720 | 120 | Clapper broken off (as of 2014) |
The bells were rung manually until 1961, after which an electrical bell system from the PGH Gloria from Bad Wilsnack did its job. Since 2010, a small computer system has been taking over control, installed by the Glocken Bittner company from Berlin-Hellersdorf .
graveyard
The church is surrounded by the church cemetery , which has since been closed to burials.
Church life
The parish ensures that the church, which is a listed building , can be visited. The Schinkelkirche takes part in the Open Church project . Community members take care of the visitors on a voluntary basis.
On January 1, 2008, the previously independent parishes of Wuthenow, Neuruppin, Alt Ruppin, Bechlin, Wulkow, Storbeck, Molchow and Krangen merged to form the Ruppin parish .
In addition to the usual uses according to Christian doctrine, public concerts are also held in the church.
A Freundeskreis Schinkelkirche zu Wuthenow founded in 2009 aims to preserve the church permanently.
literature
- The Schinkelkirche zu Wuthenow, a signpost through the church and community. Ed .: Evangelical local church community Wuthenow in the total church community Ruppin. Neuruppin December 31, 2012.
- Peter Schmidt: The churches of Krangen, Tarmow and Wuthenow. In: 600 years of the Krangen community. Bulletin No. 8 of August 1997 of the Historisches Verein der Grafschaft Ruppin e. V.
- Theodor Goecke: Wuthenow. In: The art monuments of the Ruppin district. Berlin 1914.
Web links
- Website of the Schinkel Church in Wuthenow
- Schinkelkirche zu Wuthenow in the RBB program Landschleicher on June 6, 2004
- Information on the website of the church district Wittstock-Ruppin
- Entry in the Brandenburg list of monuments No. 09170437
Individual evidence
- ^ Gerhard Zimmermann (Ed.): The Brandenburg Church Visitation Farewells and Register of the XVI. and XVII. Century - second volume: Das Land Ruppin , Berlin 1963
- ↑ a b quoted from: The churches of Krangen, Tarmow and Wuthenow by Peter Schmidt, in "600 years of the Krangen community", bulletin no. 8 from August 1997 of the Historisches Verein der Grafschaft Ruppin eV
- ^ Georg Piltz: Art guide through the GDR . Urania-Verlag Leipzig / Jena / Berlin, 4th edition 1973, p. 131.
- ^ Website of the Schinkel Church in Wuthenow, s. Community room and other modifications.
- ↑ Surprise in Wuthenow , MAZ from September 18, 2015
- ↑ quoted from the website of the Schinkel Church in Wuthenow
- ↑ a b Sketch of the ground floor and gallery on the Schinkelkirche zu Wuthenow website
- ^ Website of the Schinkel Church in Wuthenow: Community life
Coordinates: 52 ° 54 ′ 31.5 " N , 12 ° 50 ′ 17.7" E