Dornhausen (Theilenhofen)

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Dornhausen
Community Theilenhofen
Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ′ 13 ″  N , 10 ° 49 ′ 7 ″  E
Height : 430  (420-446)  m
Area : 4.19 km²
Residents : 252  (2010)
Population density : 60 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 91741
Area code : 09834
Dornhausen (Bavaria)
Dornhausen

Location of Dornhausen in Bavaria
Aerial photo 2019
Aerial photo 2019

Dornhausen is a district of the municipality of Theilenhofen in the central Franconian district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen with about 250 inhabitants.

location

The village is located on the federal highway 13 between Theilenhofen in the southeast and Unterasbach in the northwest. In Dornhausen the district road WUG 1 crosses the federal road; in the north the WUG 1 leads to Pfofeld , in the south to Gundelsheim ad Altmühl . The village is surrounded by fields and some forest islands and is around five kilometers from the old town of Gunzenhausen . The Dornhauser Mühlbach (the Einödmühle, still known as the middle of the 19th century, has gone) north of the place past the Altmühl . Neighboring towns are Unterasbach, Windsfeld , Theilenhofen, Pfofeld and Wachstein .

Place name

The place name probably means "To the houses on the thorn bushes." It could be an expression of what the first settlers found, or a protective system made of living thorn hedges.

Prehistoric evidence

A rectangular ax from the Neolithic Age was found immediately near Dornhausen . In 1799 it is reported that "Roman burial places with ash jars" were found three decades earlier. Two prehistoric burial mounds near Dornhausen have not yet been examined.

history

8th to 14th century

Dornhausen was probably created in the course of the Franconian regional expansion in the 2nd half of the 8th century or only a little later and was initially in Sualafeldgau , then in the county of Graisbach . The first written evidence of the place can be found in the founding document of the Benedictine monastery Plankstetten from the years 1145 to 1149, in which a local nobleman named Vldaricus de Tornnhusun is named. In 1208 a Vlricus de Dornhusen belongs to the Herrieden monastery as a canon . In 1222, Countess Agnes von Dollnstein , who held the right of patronage over the Church of Aha , presented the Bishop of Eichstätt with a priest named Ulrich von Dornhausen, perhaps identical to the one named in 1208. In the 13th century, an Ulrich and a Konrad von "Dornhusen" are also mentioned.

15th century

A tower castle , on which the local nobility of Dornhausen sat until around 1400, was taken over by the Margraves of Ansbach before 1488 ; At that time, however, the property was already being referred to as "purckstall" . The lords of Absberg received the castle stable and its affiliations in 1488 as a fief. They are landlords in Dornhausen until the family died out in 1647; then the property reverts to the margraves.

In 1407 (and 1456) two courts in Dornhausen paid interest to the Eichstättische Amt Gundelsheim an der Altmühl ; the Eichstättischen property remained the whole Holy Roman Empire over. The Counts of Oettingen also owned the village.

In the Bavarian War from 1420 to 1422, Dornhausen, which was much larger than it is today, was probably largely destroyed. As a fief holders of oettingschen or Bavarian ducal estates in Dornhausen the Punnigkem / Punikeim are now repeatedly referred to Gunzenhausen. This also came into possession of the 1442 Taferne the village. At this time the lords of Pfalzpaint are also wealthy in the village. 2 Zinser zu Dornhausen had to pay dues to the parish administration in Weißenburg according to a document from 1475 , 4 Zinser in 1497 to the Reichalmosen there . The high level of jurisdiction was exercised by the Brandenburg Office of Gunzenhausen.

16th and 17th centuries

In 1504 it is said that the village is "mixed", that is, that many landlords owned here. Ten properties and thus about a third of the village belonged to the Linck family from Schwabach . In the course of the 16th century, members of the Gunzenhausen family Wurm were named several times as the Bavarian duke fiefdom of Dornhausen; they had been in Dornhausen since 1484 and were closely related to the Linck family. Now the Teutonic Order of Ellingen is also the landlord here. The Dornhausen mill was first mentioned in 1514; In 1542 it passed to the margrave councilor Augustin Megershaimer, who already had 15 properties in Dornhausen. Later, the Megersheim possessions are inherited by the Willing zu Ansbach family, who are the monastery administrators. The St. Emmeram Abbey in Spalt receives donations from Dornhauser Feldlehen . In 1589 goods in and around Dornhausen became margravial property through the sale of the Willingischen and Dettelbachischen heirs; The Willing were monastery administrators at Ansbach and had owned Dornhausen since 1580. With a total of 18 properties, the margraves had now become the largest landowner in Dornhausen. In 1596 another landlord was named with the marshals von Pappenheim and Treuchtlingen.

At the beginning of the 17th century (1608) the village consisted of 30 subjects, 18 of whom went to the margravial caste office Gunzenhausen, 6 to the city of Weißenburg, 2 each to the Eichstättische Amt Sandsee and the Teutonic Order of Ellingen and 1 subject each to the Lords of Absberg and the Treuchtlinger line of the Pappenheimer earn interest; the latter was ceded to the Teutonic Order in 1629. During the Thirty Years' War the village suffered from occupation, pillage and the plague ; It took a long time for it to recover from the population decline, which was due in particular to the influx of exiles from the Upper Austrian Enns region in several waves . In 1695 Margrave Georg Friedrich the Elder bought J. from the Lords of Holtz their Dornhäuser fiefdom, including the Burgstall with affiliations.

From the 18th century to the present

In 1732 Dornhausen consisted of 32 subjects. Landlord taxes are now to be paid to the Kastenamt Gunzenhausen (20 subjects including the mill), to the city of Weißenburg (6 subjects), to the Eichstättische Amt Sandsee (2 subjects) and to the Teutonic Order Commander Ellingen (of which 3 subjects of the Oberamt Ellingen, 1 Subject of the Absberg Office). Almost nothing changed in the Holy Roman Empire. With the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach, Dornhausen became Prussian in 1792 . In 1796 Prussia appropriated the rear seats of the Teutonic Order. When Bavaria took possession of the Eichstätt monastery in 1802, the two former Eichstätt subjects in Dornhausen exchanged it with Prussia; thus all of Dornhausen's subjects had become Prussian. In 1806 Prussian rule ended and Dornhausen became Bavarian. In 1808, Dornhausen was joined to the Gunzenhausen district court and rent office in the Rezatkreis (from 1838 administrative district Middle Franconia), with Dornhausen being assigned to the Theilenhofen tax district . In 1811 Dornhausen became a rural community together with the neighboring village of Wachstein to the south-east , which was again separated into independent communities in 1818. In 1848 the Bavarian king's manorial rule ended, the farmers were able to become owners of the land they had cultivated by paying a transfer fee; instead of in kind, taxes were now to be paid to the Gunzenhausen Rent Office. In 1862 Dornhausen came to the district office (later the district) Gunzenhausen.

The number of houses in the village rose from 41 with 210 inhabitants in 1824 to 47 with 326 inhabitants including the displaced persons in 1950. In 1961 there were 46 residential buildings, which were inhabited by 226 people, in 1966 213 people lived in the village.

In the 1960s, extensive local beautification measures were carried out, a sewer system was built, the village was connected to the Pfofelder water supply group and land consolidation was carried out. As part of the municipal reform in Bavaria , the previously independent village was incorporated into Theilenhofen on May 1, 1978.

In 1982 the attack pilot and founder of the " Kameradenwerk ", a network for the escape of Nazi war criminals, Hans-Ulrich Rudel , was buried in Dornhausen.

Church conditions

Dornhausen Church

The first church in Dornhausen was probably a St. Michaelskapelle located in front of the village; the village probably originally belonged to the parish of Gunzenhausen. In 1296, Count Gebhard VII von Hirschberg gave the Rebdorf monastery the right of patronage over the church in Dornhausen; So the Augustinian canon monastery received the big ten until the Reformation, while the small tenth was due to the respective pastor. In 1451 a St. George's Church was consecrated; The basement of the church tower still bears witness to it. It was completely rebuilt in 1741 by the margravial court architect Johann David Steingruber . In 1795 there was a one-yoke extension to the west. The Reformation probably gained a foothold in Dornhausen in 1541 when Pastor Lorenz Schmaußer from Nuremberg took office. Due to the turmoil of the Thirty Years War, the parish of Gräfensteinberg was provided from Dornhausen until 1654 . In the 19th century the folk writer Wilhelm Redenbacher worked here as pastor . Today Dornhausen and the parish in Theilenhofen belong to the Evangelical Lutheran Parish Association of Dornhausen / Gundelsheim / Theilenhofen / Wachenhofen / Wachstein, which was formed in 2003.

literature

Web links

Commons : Dornhausen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Own measurement with BayernViewer
  2. ↑ Schuh, p. 65
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h District of Gunzenhausen, p. 202
  4. ↑ a b Schuh, p. 64
  5. ↑ Gunzenhausen district, p. 19
  6. ↑ a b Buchner, p. 28
  7. ↑ a b c Bundschuh, Sp. 636
  8. ↑ Schuh, pp. 92 *, 112 *
  9. ↑ a b Buchner, p. 29
  10. ↑ a b c Schuh, p. 62
  11. ↑ Schuh, p. 8
  12. ↑ a b c d e f Schuh, p. 63
  13. ↑ Buchner, pp. 17, 19f.
  14. ↑ Buchner, pp. 32-34
  15. ↑ Buchner, pp. 31, 43f.
  16. ↑ Buchner, p. 46
  17. ^ Gunzenhausen district, p. 14
  18. ↑ Buchner, pp. 39, 47
  19. ↑ Buchner, p. 48
  20. ↑ Buchner, p. 21
  21. ↑ Buchner, p. 50
  22. ↑ a b Historical Atlas, p. 232
  23. ↑ Buchner, p. 51
  24. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 784 ( digitized version ).
  25. ^ Gunzenhausen district, pp. 96, 123, 202
  26. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 730 .
  27. ↑ Buchner, p. 30
  28. ↑ Description of the place
  29. ↑ Buchner, p. 31
  30. ^ Gunzenhausen district, p. 206
  31. ↑ Deanery Gunzenhausen