Unterasbach (Gunzenhausen)

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Unterasbach
City of Gunzenhausen
Coat of arms of Unterasbach
Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ′ 29 ″  N , 10 ° 47 ′ 12 ″  E
Height : 417  (414-435)  m
Residents : 189  (1982)
Incorporation : April 1, 1971
Postal code : 91710
Area code : 09831
Unterasbach aerial photo (2020).
Unterasbach aerial photo (2020).
View from the Unterasbacher St. Michaelskirche on the village
View from the Altmühl to the village and the St. Michaelskirche above it
The local church of St. Michael

Unterasbach is a district of Gunzenhausen in the central Franconian district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen .

location

The place is located in the Altmühltal nature park , southeast of Gunzenhausen's old town on the left bank of the Altmühl and is crossed by federal road 13 . Other places in the immediate vicinity are Aha , Oberasbach , Windsfeld and Dornhausen .

Place name

The place name goes back to the tree name Espe and means either "settlement on an aspen tree " or "settlement on a flowing body of water covered with aspen". The addition "Unter-" is used to differentiate "Obern Aspach" (= Oberasbach, 1336).

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Oberasbach is split into blue and silver; in the blue a growing silver church tower with a red roof as a reference to the local church of St. Michael , in the silver a rooted green aspen, the trunk of which is backed with a blue wavy bar - references to the place name and the nearby Altmühl.

history

From the Middle Ages to the end of the Old Kingdom

In a document from 1222, a knight Heinrich the Elder of Aspach appeared as a witness; however, this "Aspach" name is attributed to Oberasbach. In the second half of the 14th century, 1361, Unterasbach was first mentioned in the Latin phrase "Aspach inferiori"; Ulrich von Muhr had income from the Ellwangen monastery as a fief in the village . In 1377 one encounters the spelling “Nidern Aspach”; at that time, Walther von Seckendorff sold a fish water from the village to the German Order Coming Ellingen . Even non-aristocrats had property in Unterasbach early on; so in 1379 the Gunzenhausen citizen Heinrich Probst gave a farm in the village of the burgraviate of Nuremberg as a fief. The bishop of Eichstätt was also wealthy in Unterasbach; Around 1400, Ulrich Spalter, a citizen of Weißenburg, owned a farm in the village from him . The bishop gave the Meierhof to a Klaus Holtzinger, then to a Hans Kon. the dues of the Eichstätt property flowed (so 1593) to the Eichstättische Amt Sandsee. Another manorial rule was exercised by the Counts of Oettingen in place of Duke Ludwig of Bavaria; For example, in 1415 they gave a farm in Unterasbach with a number of fields to the Gunzenhausen citizen Heinrich Wakker as a fief. Not only the Wacker family, but also the Gunzenhausen family Punkcaim and the Ansbach citizen Konrad Kesselring were endowed by the Duke with fiefs from Unterasbach in the 15th century. The lords of Graisbach had further property in the village and, in succession to the Nuremberg burgraves, the margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach . According to a document from 1532, the latter held high and low jurisdiction over the village. A ford over the Altmühl is mentioned around 1504 . In 1608 the village consisted of 18 margrave subjects, 1 eichstättischen subjects of the caste office Sandsee, 1 subject of the Teutonic Order in Ellingen, 3 subjects of the Absberg rule , 2 subjects of the Eyb in Cronheim and 2 subjects of the Leonrod . The Absbergers' ownership later passed to the Absberg Order of the German Order . A description from 1732 documents further changes of ownership; 5 of the 27 subjects in the village belong to the Margravial caste office in Gunzenhausen, 5 to the margravial Vogtamt Gunzenhausen, 1 to the margravial monastery administrator in Heidenheim, 2 to those of Rieter , 3 to the Teutonic Order in Absberg, 1 to the Teutonic Order in Ellingen, 2 to the manor Dennenlohe , 6 to the imperial city of Weißenburg , 1 to the Eichstättische Amt Ornbau and 1 to the Eichstättische Amt Sandsee. This fragmentation of real estate and thus also of the legal relationships continued until the end of the Holy Roman Empire .

From the 19th century to the present

In 1806 Unterasbach came with the Brandenburg-Prussian Margraviate of Ansbach to Bavaria since 1792. There a tax district Unterasbach was formed in the regional court / rent office Gunzenhausen with Frickenfelden and Oberasbach with Obenbrunn and in 1811 a rural community with the same affiliations. With the municipal edict of 1818, the villages of Frickenfelden and Oberasbach with Obenbrunn were removed again. In the course of the separation of justice and administration, the community came to the Gunzenhausen District Office in 1862, later the Gunzenhausen district . Unterasbach remained an independent municipality until the municipal area reform ; on April 1, 1971 it was incorporated into Gunzenhausen. The last mayor was Fritz Knoll.

Population development

Unterasbach community

  • 1818: 183 inhabitants
  • 1824: 190 inhabitants in 33 properties
  • 1867: 191 inhabitants in 65 buildings
  • 1950: 262 inhabitants in 38 properties
  • 1961: 204 inhabitants in 44 residential buildings
  • 1970: 189 inhabitants

Unterasbach district

  • 1982: 189 inhabitants

Attractions

  • Evangelical Lutheran St. Michaelskirche , picturesquely situated on the so-called Michelsbuck, with good visibility, a medieval, several times redesigned choir tower church
  • Former inn , built in 1721 (Unterasbach No. 23)
  • Residential stable of a three-sided courtyard , built before 1865; Hearing house from 1865 (Unterasbach No. 28)

→ List of architectural monuments in Unterasbach

societies

literature

  • Home book of the city of Gunzenhausen, Gunzenhausen 1982, pp. 246, 266f
  • Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Francs . Row I, Issue 8: Gunzenhausen-Weißenburg . Edited by Hanns Hubert Hofmann. Munich 1960
  • Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Unterasbach . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 5 : S-U . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1802, DNB  790364328 , OCLC 833753112 , Sp. 615-616 ( digitized version ).
  • Robert Schuh: Gunzenhausen. Former district of Gunzenhausen . Series of Historical Place Name Book of Bavaria. Middle Franconia, Vol. 5: Gunzenhausen . Munich: Commission for bayer. Landesgeschichte 1979, No. 11, pp. 14-17
  • Gottfried Stieber: Unter-Aspach . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 865-868 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Unterasbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schuh, pp. 13, 16
  2. ↑ Heimatbuch Gunzenhausen, p. 246
  3. ↑ Heimatbuch Gunzenhausen, p. 258
  4. ↑ Excerpts from the Ellwang fief books A and B. In: Alt-Gunzenhausen 34 (1971), p. 12
  5. ↑ This section mainly based on Schuh, pp. 14-16
  6. ↑ a b c d Historical Atlas, p. 241
  7. ↑ a b Heimatbuch Gunzenhausen, p. 266
  8. ↑ J. Heyberger and others: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with an alphabetical local dictionary. Munich 1867, column 1036
  9. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 714 .
  10. ^ Official register of places for Bavaria 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census. Munich 1964, column 788
  11. ^ Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments. Bavaria I: Franconia. The administrative districts of Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia. Edited by Tilmann Breuer and others. 2nd, revised and supplemented edition, Munich / Berlin: Deutscher Kunstverlag 1999, p. 1044.
  12. ↑ a b List of monuments of the Bayer. State Office for Monument Preservation, as of February 25, 2012, p. 22
  13. ↑ Gunzenhausen volunteer fire brigades ( Memento from September 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive )