Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby

Edward Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (born March 29, 1799 in Knowsley , Merseyside , † October 23, 1869 there ) was a British politician and three-time Prime Minister .

Life

Stanley was born the eldest son of seven children of the 13th Earl of Derby and his wife Charlotte Margaret Hornby in their parents' estate, Knowsley Hall . From 1811 to 1817, he attended the College Eton , he went to the Christ Church College of Oxford University .

In 1822 he was elected as Whig to the House of Commons . When the Whigs returned to power in 1830, Stanley became Minister of Ireland under Earl Gray . In 1833 he took over the more important post of war and colonial minister . After his resignation the following year, Stanley had some differences with the Conservatives . In 1835 he moved to the Tories and supported Robert Peel , in whose second cabinet he again took over the Colonial Ministry.

In 1844 he was given the title 2nd Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe , a subordinate title of his father, by a special royal resolution ( Writ of Acceleration ) , so that he became a member of the House of Lords during his father's lifetime . When his father died on June 30, 1851, he inherited his title as 14th Earl of Derby . On February 28, 1852, as Prime Minister, he formed his first cabinet - a minority government that was replaced in December of the same year. Benjamin Disraeli received his first important office as Chancellor of the Exchequer in this government .

Stanley was a successful owner of race horses . In 1856 his horse Fazzoletto won the 2000 Guineas .

On February 20, 1858, Lord Derby became Prime Minister for the second time. Although the government was replaced after a year, the decisions to take over British India from the British East India Company under direct state control as a crown colony were made during this time . In 1859 he was accepted as a knight in the Order of the Garter .

During Derby's third term from 1866 to 1868, an electoral reform took place, through which the new industrial cities received for the first time significant representation in the House of Commons, while the number of seats in the Rotten boroughs was reduced. When Derby resigned in 1868 for reasons of age and health, Disraeli took over the office of Prime Minister.

Lord Derby remained a member of the House of Lords until he died on October 23, 1869. He was buried in St. Mary's Church in Knowsley. Today he is considered one of the founders of the Conservative Party .

Edward Smith-Stanley is the namesake of Stanley , Hong Kong.

Marriage and offspring

In 1825 he married Emma Caroline Bootle-Wilbraham, with whom he had three children, two sons and a daughter.

His younger son, Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby , 1892 donated the coveted Hockey - trophy , the Stanley Cup . His other son Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby, was also a noted politician. His daughter Lady Emma Charlotte Stanley († 1928) married Sir Wellington Chetwynd-Talbot, a son of the 2nd Earl Talbot of Hensol .

literature

George Saintsbury : The Earl of Derby . Sampson Low, Marston & Company, London 1892 (English, archive.org [accessed October 23, 2019]; biography).
Frederick Maurice Powicke , EB Fryde: Handbook of British Chronology. London 1961, ISBN 0-901050-17-2 .
Smith-Stanley, Edward, 14th Earl of Derby (1799-1869) , Oxford Dictionary of National Biography : Prof. Angus Hawkins, OUP, 2004; online edition, May 2009 viewed November 25, 2011 License required

Individual evidence

↑ Powicke & Fryde, p. 118.
↑ Pierer's Universal Lexicon of the Past and Present . 4th edition. Verlagbuchhandlung von HA Pierer , Altenburg 1865 ( zeno.org [accessed on October 23, 2019] Lexicon entry “Derby, 3) Edward Geoffroy Smith, Baron Stanley von Bickersstaffe, Graf v. D. ").
↑ Powicke & Fryde, p. 119.
^ Herder's Conversations Lexicon . 1st edition. Herder'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Freiburg im Breisgau 1854 ( zeno.org [accessed on October 23, 2019] lexicon entry "Derby, Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, Graf von, formerly Lord Stanley").
^ Brockhaus' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon . 11th edition. FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1911 ( zeno.org [accessed on October 23, 2019] Lexicon entry “Derby, Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, Graf von”).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Powicke & Fryde, p. 109.
^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1909 ( zeno.org [accessed on October 23, 2019] Lexicon entry "Derby, 1) Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, Graf, formerly Lord Stanley").

Web links

Edward Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, on thepeerage.com , accessed August 13, 2015.

predecessor	Office	successor
Edward Smith-Stanley	Earl of Derby 1851-1869	Edward Stanley
Edward Smith-Stanley	Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe (by Writ of Acceleration) 1844–1869	Edward Stanley

personal data
SURNAME	Smith-Stanley, Edward, 14th Earl of Derby
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Stanley, Edward Geoffrey; Derby, Edward Geoffrey Smith-Stanley 14th Earl of
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	British politician, Member of the House of Commons, Prime Minister
DATE OF BIRTH	March 29, 1799
PLACE OF BIRTH	Knowsley Hall at Prescot , Lancashire
DATE OF DEATH	October 23, 1869
Place of death	Knowsley Hall at Prescot , Lancashire

[1] Powicke & Fryde, p. 118.

[2] Pierer's Universal Lexicon of the Past and Present . 4th edition. Verlagbuchhandlung von HA Pierer , Altenburg 1865 ( zeno.org [accessed on October 23, 2019] Lexicon entry “Derby, 3) Edward Geoffroy Smith, Baron Stanley von Bickersstaffe, Graf v. D. ").

[3] Powicke & Fryde, p. 119.

[4] Herder's Conversations Lexicon . 1st edition. Herder'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Freiburg im Breisgau 1854 ( zeno.org [accessed on October 23, 2019] lexicon entry "Derby, Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, Graf von, formerly Lord Stanley").

[5] Brockhaus' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon . 11th edition. FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1911 ( zeno.org [accessed on October 23, 2019] Lexicon entry “Derby, Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, Graf von”).

[Handbook109-6] Powicke & Fryde, p. 109.

[7] Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1909 ( zeno.org [accessed on October 23, 2019] Lexicon entry "Derby, 1) Edward Geoffrey Smith Stanley, Graf, formerly Lord Stanley").