Egau

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Egau
The Egau in Ballmertshofen

The Egau in Ballmertshofen

Data
Water code EN : 1174
location Swabian Alb

Lower Bavarian hill country

Baden-Württemberg

Bavaria

River system Danube
Drain over Danube  → Black Sea
source in Neresheim
48 ° 45 ′ 12 ″  N , 10 ° 19 ′ 55 ″  E
Source height 491  m above sea level NHN
Spring discharge MHQ
 700 l / s
muzzle near Höchstädt in the Danube coordinates: 48 ° 36 '14 "  N , 10 ° 35' 8"  E 48 ° 36 '14 "  N , 10 ° 35' 8"  E
Mouth height 410  m above sea level NHN
Height difference 81 m
Bottom slope 1.8 ‰
length 45.2 km
Catchment area 467.335 km²
Discharge at the Wittislingen
A Eo gauge : 340 km²
Location: 14 km above the mouth 		NNQ (02/15/1963)
MNQ 1958–2006
MQ 1958–2006
Mq 1958–2006
 MHQ 1958–2006
HHQ (04/14/1994) 		400 l / s
777 l / s
1.9 m³ / s
5.6 l / (s km²)
 12.9 m³ / s
31.3 m³ / s
Reservoirs flowed through Härtsfeldsee

The Egau is a 45 km long, left tributary of the Danube in eastern Baden-Württemberg and western Bavaria .

In older literature the body of water is also referred to as a harrow .

geography

The Egau origin
Catchment area of ​​the Egau. There are almost no surface runoffs within the hatched area. Important dry valleys are given names.

Egau origin

The Egau rises below 495  m above sea level. NHN in a spring pot surrounded by a natural stone wall near the cemetery on the southern edge of the city of Neresheim on the Härtsfeld . The source can pour up to 600 l / s . After a few meters, the flowing stream flows into a longer source branch that comes through the Kuchener valley from Großkuchen to the west, but which often dries up completely.

course

The Egau constantly pulls in directions between east and south. It flows through the Härtsfeldsee near the Katzenstein district of Dischingen . Shortly before the state border to Bavaria, it passes the Buchbrunnen spring , which considerably strengthened the flow of the river before the local waterworks were built. Immediately after the border, the artificially created, substantially parallel branches off from the flow to the left Riedegau , which then immediately the Lohgraben receives, between the southern district Datt house rules and Ziertheim itself towards a channel bridge is traversed the Egau until something downstream of the now heap ditch said branch flows back after a total of 1.6 km.

Shortly thereafter, the Dattenhauser Ried nature reserve drains over the right Rostelbach into the Egau.

In Schabringen , when the Egaugraben stands high, part of the Egau water branches off to the left and east to the southern edge of the Untere Ried ; it reaches the Danube via the Pulverbach and then the Klosterbach about 9.5 kilometers down the valley from the mouth of the Egau a little below the Schwenninger Barrage at 404  m above sea level NHN .

Shortly before Dillingen - Donaualtheim opens the Breitlesgraben from the right . There the Danube is only three kilometers south of the Egau, which now runs to the east and thus approaches the river at a fairly flat angle. In the east of Dillingen the Zwergbach also runs from the right. After Steinheim , it reaches the left bank of the Danube and then flows another 2 kilometers parallel to it within its left flood dam. Within the barrage Hoechstaedt the Egau leads to 410  m above sea level. NHN from the left into the Danube .

On average, one to two cubic meters per second flow over the Egau.

Catchment area

The catchment area of ​​the Egau covers around 467 km² and its upper and middle parts are predominantly in Baden-Württemberg. From a natural point of view, it has a share in the sub-areas Härtsfeld , Riesalb and Lonetal -flächealb of the Swabian Alb , including the sub-area Donauried of the lower Bavarian hill country .

The highest point is close to the northwest corner of the catchment area at 723.1  m above sea level. NHN high Wöller stone , close to the escarpment is. In the north on the Härtsfeld, on the karstified Alb plateau , it comprises a large sub-area without any permanent watercourse, where dry valleys characterize the landscape. Neresheim, where the river still rises on the Härtsfeld, is already at the beginning of the central catchment area. A little downwards, from the tributary of the Katzensteiner Bach immediately after the Härtsfeldsee, the course of the river is the border between the Härtsfeld in the west and the Riesalb in the east. Its valley basin immediately after the place Dischingen is then the easternmost part of the Lone Valley Alb before the Riesalb to the east. Around Wittlisingen it crosses into the part of the flat landscape of the Donauried lying to the left of the Danube .

Tributaries

  • Tiefentalgraben or Wildbach (left)
  • Katzensteiner Bach (left)
  • Fleinheimer Bach (right)
  • (Stream from the gall bladder source ) (right)
  • (Overflow of the Buchbrunnenquelle ) (right)
  • Lohgraben or (in Baden-Württemberg) Grabnatgraben (left)
  • Lochfeldgraben (left)
  • Seegraben, on the upper reaches of Rostelbach (right)
  • → (exit of the Egga pit ) (to the left)
  • Breitlesgraben (right)
  • Zwergbach (right)

Churches that have flowed through and touched

Egau waterworks

In 1929 the state water supply acquired the Buchbrunnen spring in the Egautal near Dischingen . Some mistakenly call this source the Egau origin ; it pours an average of 927 l / s (min. 623 max. 1,470 l / s) and is the main tributary of the Egau. After extensive exploratory measures, the state water supply decided in 1952 to use the Buchbrunnen spring for the public drinking water supply . The Egau waterworks went into operation in 1957 after a construction period of four years. Depending on the water flow, up to 800 liters per second can be withdrawn. The karst spring water from the Buchbrunnen spring is naturally of very good quality. Mineral cloudiness of the spring water only occurs after long periods of heavy rainfall and during the snowmelt. With the construction of the federal motorway 7 through the water protection area of the Buchbrunnen spring, however, the treatment plants in the Egau waterworks had to be expanded in the years from 1982 to 1984 in order to preventively ensure the quality of drinking water. The existing sand filtration was replaced by a more efficient flocculation filtration system using a two-layer sand filter . This is followed by an oxidation stage using ozone , activated carbon filtration and, for safety reasons, disinfection of the drinking water. In Egauwasserwerk one was in the years 1993-1995 carbonisation installation built. This softens the karst spring water, which has a natural hardness of 18.5 ° dH due to the geological conditions , to around 13.5 ° dH.

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Map of the course and catchment area of ​​the Egau
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

  1. ↑ Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
  2. ↑ Catchment area after the layer aggregated areas 04 .
  3. ↑ Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer .
  4. ↑ Height according to black lettering on the background layer topographic map .

BayernAtlas ("BA")

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Egau in Bavaria
General introduction without default settings and layers: BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Government ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b Height according to the blue lettering on the background layer Official map ; Corresponding height information in the underwater of the upper and in the upper water of the lower Danube barrage.

Other evidence

  1. ^ German Hydrological Yearbook Danube Region 2006 Bavarian State Office for the Environment, p. 114, accessed on October 4, 2017, at: bestellen.bayern.de (PDF, German, 24.2 MB).
  2. ↑ Designation as a harrow, for example in: Franz Eugen Joseph Anton von Seida and Landesberg: Historical-chronological representation of the important campaign in Teutschland in 1800 , page 188. Leipzig 1802 , queried on July 12, 2011
  3. ↑ Hansjörg Dongus : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 171 Göppingen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1961. →  Online map (PDF; 4.3 MB)
  4. ↑ Ralph Jätzold: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 172 Nördlingen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. →  Online map (PDF; 3.9 MB)
  5. ↑ State Office for Geology at the Freiburg Regional Council

literature

  • Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as a single sheet
    • for the course of the river: No. 7227 Neresheim West, No. 7228 Neresheim Ost and No. 7328 Wittislingen
    • for the rest of the catchment area: No. 7126 Aalen, No. 7127 Westhausen, No. 7128 Nördlingen, No. 7226 Oberkochen and No. 7327 Giengen an der Brenz
  • Official topographic maps (ATK) 1: 25,000 of the State Office for Digitization, Broadband and Surveying Bavaria :
    • No. L06 Lauingen (Danube)
    • No. L07 Dillingen adDonau

Web links

Commons : Egau  - collection of images, videos and audio files