Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad

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Evangelical town church

The Evangelical City Church is the Protestant church of Bad Wildbad in Baden-Württemberg . It is located on Kurplatz in the immediate vicinity of the Palais Thermal .

history

prehistory

In 1350, a chaplaincy in Wildbad is mentioned for the first time in a document, which, together with Calmbach and Höfen an der Enz, was a branch of Liebenzell . In 1367 a St. Leonhard's cap is mentioned. In 1424 a parish was established in Wildbad. From the 15th century, two churches are documented in Wildbad: In the middle of the village was the one dedicated to St. Sebastian consecrated, stately church (called Upper City Church), in the suburb was the late Gothic suburban church dedicated to the Virgin Mary (called Lower Church ) between 1438 and 1844 . After Duke Ulrich von Württemberg introduced the Reformation , Jakob Bock was Wildbad's first Protestant pastor from 1545. Between 1566 and 1836 Wildbad was the seat of a deanery . Ludwig Hofacker , who was born in Wildbad in 1798, is considered the most important theologian of the place. He worked as a pastor and a pietistic preacher. From 1623–1628 the town church was expanded by Heinrich Schickhardt . He took over the remnants of the north wall and the choir arch from the previous building, using it to build an elongated single-nave building with a nave that was only slightly longer than the spacious choir with a 3/8 end. By placing the pulpit on the right of the chancel arch and the lordship gallery opposite, as well as aligning the ground floor seating from three sides (nave, long side opposite the pulpit and choir) to the pulpit, a sermon church and transverse church concept arose as a continuation of the 1544 in Saxony ( Torgau ) and in 1562 in Württemberg (castle church in Stuttgart's old castle ) the new Protestant church building that Heinrich Schickhardt practiced several times (Saint-Martin in Mömpelgard , Stadtkirche Göppingen and others). During the city fire on July 7, 1742, the Evangelical City Church burned down along with a large part of the city.

Development and construction history

The Württemberg construction director Johann Christoph David von Leger was not only responsible for the reconstruction of the town of Wildbad, but also built today's town church in the late Baroque style with a Protestant character in the years 1746–1750 . At the end of 1743 he submitted a first draft for the church to the council of churches, but this was not implemented due to cost reasons. In 1744 Leger drew various designs, including the realized oval hall with the curved facade, which was approved by the ducal authorities in the same year. In 1746 the building site was prepared and the foundation stone for the church was laid. After the church council, with a view to the costs, demanded that Leger build the church without a tower , Duke Carl Eugen determined that the church should be built with the tower. In 1747 the church interior was raised and in 1748 the tower was built. However, on November 29, 1748, the tower collapsed because stones that were too small had been used. In 1749–1750 the tower was rebuilt and finished with a Welscher hood . At the end of 1750 the first services were celebrated in the town church.

During the renovations in 1870 and 1887, stucco ornaments were attached to the coving and ceiling and the walls were decorated with borders and lines. In 1925 a heater was installed and the lamps were placed on the metal stands by the pews. On this occasion, the ornaments from the 19th century were removed and geometric and ornamental paintings were added instead. 1952–1955, the paintings from 1925 were removed during the renovation after the Second World War . A new altar and a new baptismal font were erected and the sgraffito pictures by Rudolf Yelin were placed in the chancel . 1986–1988 the exterior and interior were renovated, during which static safety measures were also carried out. Inside, the church was given back its baroque interior.

Steeple

Building description

Steeple and exterior

The city church stands on Kurplatz and shows its oval floor plan from the outside, which is preceded by a curved, three-axis tower front. The structure of the facade has been kept in gray, brownish and white tones since the renovation in the 1980s. The tower is convexly curved forwards and is structured on the first floor by two Tuscan pilasters that support a cornice . Two concave swellings tie the tower into the facade. The second floor of the tower is rectangular and has round-arched sound openings for the four-part bell and the clock faces of the tower clock above . The Welsh hood is covered with slate and is crowned with a ball and a gold-plated tower cock .

The first clock in the church was made by the court clockmaker Johann David Ruoff in 1747. The original bells were made by the Stuttgart bell foundry Gottlieb Jakob Rechle. Of the three bells, the largest received the inscription Gratia Caroli Ducis Württembergiae Anno 1747 (“By the grace of Duke Karl von Württemberg 1747”). Since the original bells were removed and melted down in the two world wars, the town church received its current four-part peal in 1950. The bells sound in the sequence of notes of the Te Deum with the striking notes D flat, F sharp, G sharp and B flat.

inside view

Interior and artistic equipment

The oval interior was reconstructed in the baroque color scheme during the renovation from 1986–1988 due to paint residues. The colors white, gray and gold determine the room and give it its elegant, almost classicistic character. As a Protestant preaching hall, the interior is oriented towards the pulpit attached to the wall behind the altar . This dates from the 18th century and is made of wood, the altar and the font (both from 1954) were carved from Dieterswil sandstone . The bronze altar crucifix was made by Jakob Brüllmann in 1929.

The murals above the altar were painted by Rudolf Yelin the Younger, Stuttgart. They date from 1954 and deal with the Easter event : on the left you can see the removal of the dead Christ from the cross, on the right an angel sitting on the empty grave of Christ, above it in the middle of Christ's Ascension .

Plum organ from 1989

organ

In 1747 the organ maker Georg Heinrich Knauss from Stuttgart received the order for the organ for the city church from the architect Leger . In 1889 an organ by Eberhard Friedrich Walcker , Ludwigsburg, with a neo-Gothic prospect was installed in the church . In 1954, the Hess company in Karlsruhe-Durlach installed a new organ with a prospect made of tin pipes . Today's organ dates from 1989 and was built by Plum, Marbach. It has 27 sounding registers , 10 in the main work, 11 in the positive work, 6 in the pedal . The disposition shows the spatial proximity to Alsace , the mood follows Billeter III. The prospectus is divided into a five-panel central section, which is flanked by the two pedal towers.

Disposition of the Bad Wildbad town church organ:

I main work
Bourdon 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Reed flute 8th'
octave 4 ′
Pointed flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Duplicate 2 ′
Cornett V
Mixture IV 2 ′
Trumpet 8th'
II positive work
Bourdon 8th'
Salicional
Beat 8th'
Praestant 4 ′
Transverse flute 4 ′
Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
octave 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Sifflet 1'
Mixture III 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Cromorne 8th'
pedal
Sub bass 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'
Gemsbass 8th'
Choral bass 4 ′ + 2 ′
Trumpet 8th'
Clarine 4 ′

literature

  • Hermann Brachhold: Wildbad. The church, the city and its citizens then and now 1345–1988. Wildbad 1989.
  • Rolf Bidlingmaier: The Evangelical City Church in Bad Wildbad. A Rococo church building , in: Der Landkreis Calw. A yearbook 18 (2001).
  • Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (Ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history and a walk through our church. Bad Wildbad 2001.
  • City administration Bad Wildbad (Ed.): City tour. Bad Wildbad 2016

Web links

Commons : Stadtkirche (Bad Wildbad)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history and a walk through our church , p. 2.
  2. ↑ a b c City administration Bad Wildbad (ed.): City tour , p. 3.
  3. ↑ Wildbader Schickhardt Church: floor plan see [1] and floor plan with seating see [2]
  4. ↑ Jörg Widmaier: Church stands across. The search for the "ideal" Protestant church building in Baden-Württemberg ; in: Monument Preservation in Baden-Württemberg. News bulletin of the State Monument Preservation, Volume 46, No. 4/2017, Stuttgart 2017, pages 244–249; Unfortunately Jörg Widmaier does not consider - apart from the Schlosskirche Stuttgart - the other transverse churches of the Renaissance and Baroque in Württemberg
  5. ↑ Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history , p. 2.
  6. ↑ Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history , pp. 3–6.
  7. ↑ Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history , p. 7.
  8. ↑ Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history , pp. 7–8.
  9. ↑ a b Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history , pp. 6–7.
  10. ↑ Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. A walk through our church , p. 3.
  11. ↑ Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history, p. 8.
  12. ↑ Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. Building history , p. 8.
  13. ↑ Evangelical parish Bad Wildbad (ed.): Evangelical town church Bad Wildbad. A walk through our church , p. 6.

Coordinates: 48 ° 45 ′ 1.8 ″  N , 8 ° 33 ′ 2.2 ″  E