François Piétri

François Piétri (1929)

François Sampiero Sébastien Marie Jourdan Piétri (born August 8, 1882 in Bastia , Haute-Corse , Corsica ; † August 18, 1966 in Sartène , Corse-du-Sud , Corsica) was a French politician , diplomat and writer who worked under among others between 1924 and 1942 member of the National Assembly , from 1929 to 1930, 1930 and 1933 colonial minister, between 1931 and 1932 budget minister , 1932 minister for national defense , 1934 finance minister , between 1934 and 1935 minister for the navy, 1935 acting minister for the merchant navy as well 1935 to 1936 was Minister of the Navy. During the Second World War he was ambassador to Spain between 1940 and 1944 . In 1956 he received the Grand Prix Gobert for his entire literary works .

Life

University degree, government official and World War I

Piétri was the son of the government official Antoine Piétri and his wife Claude Gavini and a second cousin of Pierre Marie Piétri and Joseph Marie Piétri , both police prefects of Paris and members of the Senate . He grew up in Alexandria , where his father was legal advisor to the government of the Khedives of Egypt , Tawfiq, or his successor Abbas . He attended from 1895 to 1899, the Collège Stanislas de Paris and took from 1897 to 1898 at the Concours général in part, a national competition in the French educational system, which serves since 1747 every year the best students of the graduating class and the pre-final year at lycée to determine. After completing an undergraduate degree in 1900 with the Licencié ès lettres , he began postgraduate studies in law and political science , which he completed in 1903 with a doctorate in law and a diploma in political science. In 1906 he passed the final examination for the career of a financial inspector and, after various activities in the financial administration, was first deputy head of cabinet and finally between 1911 and 1912 head of cabinet of Prime Minister Joseph Caillaux .

At the beginning of the First World War , Piétri was called up in August 1914 as sergeant of the 264th Infantry Regiment stationed in Nancy and was promoted to lieutenant in February 1916 and soon afterwards to lieutenant after being wounded during the Battle of Verdun . In May 1916, after the siege of Fort Douaumont, he was evacuated and transferred to the Vosges . In August 1917 he returned to the civil service and took over the post of General Director of Finance in French Morocco . As such, he supported the General Resident for Morocco , Marshal Hubert Lyautey , in building up a financial and budgetary system in this French protectorate until May 1924 , and also took part in the Tangier Conference in 1922 as a technical advisor in the rank of Honorary General Director of Finance .

Member of the National Assembly and Undersecretary of State

In the elections of May 11, 1924, Piétri was elected to the list of the Republican Left ( Républicains de gauche ) with 23,954 votes in Corsica for the first time as a member of the National Assembly. He was first a member of the Finance Committee and the Pension Committee and was rapporteur for the pension budget from 1923 to 1926. In the tenth cabinet of Prime Minister Aristide Briand , he served between November 28, 1925 and July 17, 1926 as Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Finance and as such was the closest collaborator of Finance Minister Joseph Caillaux. In the elections of April 22, 1928, he was re-elected to the National Assembly for the Alliance démocratique with 8,747 votes, where he was able to prevail clearly against his opponent Giacobbi, who received 4,695 votes. In the following years he was again a member of the finance committee.

Ministers and re-elections as MPs

On November 3, 1929, Piétri was first Colonial Minister (Ministre des Colonies) in the first cabinet of Prime Minister André Tardieu and held this ministerial office until February 21, 1930. In this role he also took part in the London Fleet Conference in January 1930 as a negotiator . From March 2 to December 13, 1930, he also held the post of Colonial Minister in Prime Minister Tardieu's second cabinet. A few weeks later, from January 27, 1931 to February 16, 1932, he took over the post of Minister of Budget (Ministre du Budget) in the first three cabinets of Prime Minister Pierre Laval , and from February 20 to June 3, 1932 that of Minister for national defense (Ministre de la Défense nationale) in the third Tardieu cabinet. In this capacity he was also a delegate to the Geneva Disarmament Conference in February 1932 .

In the first ballot for the National Assembly on May 1, 1932, he was re-elected as a member of the National Assembly with 7,716 votes and was again able to prevail against Giacobbi, who this time received 5,558 votes. In the first cabinet of Prime Minister Albert Sarraut, he again held the post of Colonial Minister from October 26 to November 26, 1933. Later he was briefly Minister of Finance (Ministre des Finances) in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Édouard Daladier from January 30 until his resignation on February 4, 1934 . He then served between February 9, 1934 and June 4, 1936 as Minister of the Navy (Ministre de la Marine) in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Gaston Doumergue , in the first cabinet of Pierre-Étienne Flandin , in the cabinet of Prime Minister Fernand Bouisson , in the fourth Cabinet of Pierre Laval and in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Albert Sarraut. As Minister of the Navy he was responsible for the Navy and implemented the projects of his predecessor Georges Leygues . This included the completion of the fast battleships Dunkerque and Strasbourg and the laying of the keel of the battleships Richelieu and Jean Bart . During the absence of Louis Barthou , he was also ad interim Foreign Minister between June and July 1934 .

World War II, Ambassador to Spain and Awards

During the Vichy regime of Marshal Philippe Pétain , Piétri was first communications minister in 1940 and then, as Pétain's successor, ambassador to Spain between 1940 and 1944

On April 26, 1936, Piétri was re-elected as a member of the National Assembly for the Alliance des républicains de gauche et des radicaux indépendants (ARGRI) in the first ballot with 7,581 votes and was able to prevail clearly against his new opponent Casalta, who received 4,635 votes. Subsequently, he was a member of the committees for the merchant navy and navy, for finance and general elections as well as a member of the sub-committees for national defense and navy.

After the start of the Second World War , he was acting rapporteur for the National Assembly for Corsica in November 1939 and between April and May 1940 and parliamentary delegate to the President of the Republic in Bordeaux on June 20, 1940 . On 10 July 1940 he was among the members of the Congress of Vichy , in which the members of the National Assembly with 569 votes to 80, adopted a law with Marshal Philippe Petain was authorized, in one or more files a Constitution for the Etat français to proclaim. He was then between July 12 and September 5, 1940 communications minister (Ministre des Communications) in the second Pétain cabinet.

Most recently, Piétri, who was also a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), succeeded Philippe Pétain as ambassador to Spain between 1940 and 1944 .

Piétri has received several awards for his longstanding services and received, among other things, the Knight's Cross of the Legion of Honor , the Croix de guerre , the Médaille commémorative de la bataille de Verdun , the Order of the Crown of Belgium as a Grand Officer , the Order of the Crown of Italy as a Grand Officer, the Order of The White Eagle of Serbia as a Grand Officer, the Star of Romania as a Grand Officer, the Orden de Isabel la Católica as a Grand Officer, the Ouissam Alaouite as a Grand Officer, the Nischan el Iftikhar as a Grand Officer, the Order of Charles III. as a commander , the knightly order of St. Mauritius and Lazarus as commanders and the Order of the Oak Crown as commanders.

Publications

In addition to his political career, Piétri was also active as a writer and wrote numerous books and articles for magazines such as the Revue de Paris , founded in 1829 , the Revue de France , the weekly newspaper L'Illustration and L'Information . In 1956 he received the Grand Prix Gobert for his entire literary works . His most famous works include:

• L'Antagonisme économique du Nord et du Sud de l'Italie , 1904
• Le compte de la pacification marocaine , 1920
• Régimes monétaires et finances coloniales , 1923
• Nos dettes de guerre , 1926
• La querelle du franc , 1928
• Le Financier , 1931
• Justice et injustice fiscale , 1933
• La réforme de l'Etat au XVIIIe siècle , 1934
• Veillons au salut de l'Empire , 1937
• Lucien Bonaparte , 1939
• La France et la mer , 1940
• Mes anneés d'Espagne, 1940-1948, 1954
• Napoléon et le Parlement , 1955
• L'Espagne du siécle d'or , 1959
• Napoléon et les Israélites , 1965

Web links

• Entry on the homepage of the National Assembly
• Entry in rulers.org
• Entry in the Open Library

Individual evidence

1. ^ Les Ministères de la IIIe République (1902-1930)
2. ^ Ministries, political parties, etc. from 1870 (rulers.org)
3. ↑ Les Ministères de la IIIe République (1930-1940)
4. ^ Ministries, political parties, etc. from 1870 (rulers.org)
5. ↑ Les Ministères de la IIIe République (1930-1940)
6. ^ Ministries, political parties, etc. from 1870 (rulers.org)
7. ↑ Les Ministères de la IIIe République (1930-1940)
8. ^ Ministries, political parties, etc. from 1870 (rulers.org)
9. ↑ Les Ministères de la IIIe République (1930-1940)
10. ^ Ministries, political parties, etc. from 1870 (rulers.org)
11. ↑ Régime de Vichy 1940-1944
12. ^ Ministries, political parties, etc. from 1870 (rulers.org)