Francesco Galli da Bibiena
Francesco Galli da Bibiena (born December 12, 1659 in Bologna ; † January 20, 1739 there ) was an Italian scenographer , architect , set designer and decorative painter from the well-known family of artists Galli da Bibiena. He designed and painted backdrops and decorations for the theaters of the most important Italian cities and was the architect of several large European theaters.
family
Francesco was born in Bologna as the second son of the painter Giovanni Maria Galli da Bibiena . His older brother was Ferdinando Galli da Bibiena , with whom he worked closely a number of times during his life.
There were three children from his marriage:
- Jean (* 1709/1710 ?; † 1779), French-speaking writer
- Giovanni Carlo (born April 26, 1710/1717 ?; † 1760), like his father, painter and architect
- one daughter (born August 23, 1711; † April 5, 1712)
life and work
After Francesco had started an apprenticeship as a businessman, he was trained as a figure painter from around 1673 by Lorenzo Pasinelli and then by Carlo Cignani . After that, however, he turned to architecture and decorative painting.
In 1682 he went to Piacenza to design some rooms in the ducal palace for Duke Ranuccio II Farnese . The artist then worked in Parma . After three years as a painter of theatrical decorations in Rome , the Duke of Mantua, Ferdinando Carlo von Gonzaga-Nevers , hired him . For him, in 1700, Francesco converted the courtyard of the Palazzo Ducale in Mantua designed by Giulio Romano into a riding hall.
The route then took him via Genoa to Naples . There he worked for Viceroy Francisco Pacheco de Acuña in 1702 to lead the celebrations for the reception of King Philip V of Spain . He made him the offer to work for him in Spain, but Francesco turned down the offer to work for Emperor Leopold I in Vienna from around 1704 . There he built a large court theater. Because Bibiena's wages were too high, the emperor dismissed him from his service, and Francesco returned to Italy shortly after Leopold's death in 1705.
In 1707 he went to Nancy at the court of the Duke of Lorraine to build a large theater for him in the capital of the duchy. During this time in Lorraine, Francesco married. In 1710 Joseph I brought him back to Vienna to the imperial court in order to employ him as “first theater engineer”. During this time he made numerous decorations for operas, including for Tigrane , Mucius Scaevola and Conti's victory of friendship over love . By 1712 at the latest, however, he had already left Vienna and returned to Italy, because that year his older brother Ferdinando had under the new Emperor Charles VI. Taken Francesco's place.
The Marchese Scipione Maffei commissioned him in 1715 to build the theater of the Veronese Accademia de 'Filarmonici - called Teatro Filarmonico - which was characterized by particularly good acoustics . In 1720 Francesco accepted a call to Rome, where he built the Teatro Alibert until 1722 .
In 1726 he settled in Bologna again, where he had been the director of the Accademia Clementina since that year . There he taught geometry , perspective , mathematics and surveying. Francesco Galli da Bibiena died in this city in 1739 and is buried in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore. He has received a work entitled L'Architettura maestra delle arti, che la compongone , which, however, was never published.
literature
- Johann Samuelersch , Johann Gottfried Gruber : General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts in alphabetical order. First section: A – G, part 53: Galle – Garet. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1851, p. 164 ( books.google.com digitized version).
- Johann Rudolf, Hans Heinrich Füssli : General artist lexicon. Part 2, Section 3, Orell, Füßli and Compagnie, Zurich 1808, pp. 409-410 ( books.google.com digitized version ).
- A. Hyatt Mayor: The Bibiena Family . H. Bittner, New York 1945 ( questia.com digitized).
- Georg Kaspar Nagler : New general artist lexicon. Volume 4: Dumet – Gallimard. EA Fleischmann, Munich 1837, p. 570 ( books.google.de digitized version).
- Carlo Piovano (Ed.): Dizionario dell'arte italiana . Electra, Milan 1981.
- Marialuisa Angiolillo: Bibiena, Francesco . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 10, Saur, Munich a. a. 1994, ISBN 3-598-22750-7 , pp. 476-478.
- Oskar Pollak : Bibiena, Francesco Galli . In: Ulrich Thieme , Felix Becker (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. tape 3 : Bassano – Bickham . Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1909, p. 600–601 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
Web links
- Family Galli da Bibiena
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b J. S. Publication: Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste . 1851, p. 164.
- ↑ a b c Oskar Pollak : Bibiena, Francesco Galli . In: Ulrich Thieme , Felix Becker (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. tape 3 : Bassano – Bickham . Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1909, p. 600–601 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
- ↑ a b artnet.com ( Memento of November 16, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b unibo.it ( Memento from January 1, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ A. Hyatt Mayor: The Bibiena Family. 1945, p. 9.
- ↑ Johann Rudolf, Hans Heinrich Füssli: General Artist Lexicon. 1808, p. 410.
- ^ A. Hyatt Mayor: The Bibiena Family. 1945, p. 18.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Galli da Bibiena, Francesco |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bibiena, Francesco; Galli Bibbiena, Francesco; Bibbiena, Francesco; Galli-Bibiena, Francesco; Galli Bibiena, Francesco; Galli, Francesco |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian scenographer, architect, set designer and decorative painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 12, 1659 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bologna |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 20, 1739 |
| Place of death | Bologna |