Göring took part in competitions of the Fédération Internationale de Ski from 2001 to 2014 . Until 2003 he competed in the Continental Cup. At the Junior World Championships in 2002 he was 19th in the free technique over 10 kilometers, while he was 40th in the sprint. He ran his first World Cup race in December 2002 in Davos , which he finished in 14th place in the relay. In March 2003 he completed his first individual World Cup race in Lahti , which he finished in 45th place. At the Junior World Championships 2003 in Sollefteå he finished fifth in the 30 km mass start race, fourth place over 10 km classic and won the bronze medal in the relay race. He got his first World Cup points in January 2004 in Nove Mesto with the 23rd place over 15 km classic. In 2004 he became Junior World Champion over 10 km freestyle in the Norwegian Stryn and won bronze over 30 km classic. He finished second with the German cross-country relay. His first World Cup victory was achieved with the relay in Umeå in February 2004 . At the Nordic World Ski Championships in 2005 in Oberstdorf , he finished 39th in the 50 km mass start race, 20th place in the sprint and 13th place over 15 km freestyle. At the U-23 World Championships in 2006 in Kranj , Slovenia , he won gold over 15 km classic and bronze in the pursuit race. At his first Olympic participation in Turin in 2006 , he started there over the 15 km in the classic style and finished there in 43rd place. He was unable to contest further races there due to an illness. He had his strongest season in 2006/07 . At the start of the season in Gällivare he finished third in the 15 km freestyle. The next day he won his second World Cup victory with the relay. At the first Tour de Ski 2006/07 he finished sixth in the overall ranking. He won the classic race over 15 km in Oberstdorf. At the Nordic World Ski Championships 2007 in Sapporo , he came in sixth place over 15 km freestyle and fourth place with the relay. He finished the season in 14th place in the overall World Cup ranking.
After a weak start at the Tour de Ski 2007/08 , Göring in Val di Fiemme finished third in the 20 km mass start race and fourth on the final day, finishing the tour in sixth place in the overall standings as in the previous year. At the Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 in Liberec , he achieved 19th place in the sprint and eleventh place over 15 km classic in the individual races. Together with Jens Filbrich , Tobias Angerer and Axel Teichmann , he won the silver medal with the relay. Due to injuries, he was unable to participate in any World Cup races in the 2009/10 Olympic season. After a poor start to the 2010/11 season with placings outside the points, he finished sixth in the 20 km pursuit race in Rybinsk in February 2011 . Two days later, he and the season took third place. At the Nordic World Ski Championships in Oslo in 2011 , he finished 27th in the 50 km mass start race and eleventh place in the 30 km pursuit race. With the relay he won bronze. In the 2011/12 season he mostly achieved placements outside of the points. Because of these achievements, he entered the Alpine Cup in the 2012/13 season. He won five races and finished the cup in first place in the overall standings. In February 2014 he won the Gsieser Tal-Lauf classic over 42 km. He ended his career after the 2013/14 season, in which he could only take part in the Tour de Ski in the World Cup for health reasons .