Football in Guadalajara
With the arrival of a few young French and a Belgian , football was introduced in Guadalajara , the second largest city in Mexico , at the beginning of the 20th century.
Although Guadalajara is considered a soccer talent factory, which among other things has produced Chicharito , the clubs there suffered before the introduction of professional soccer again and again from the poaching of some of their best players by financially strong clubs from Mexico City ; because some of these disregarded the valid amateur status and paid the players salaries or granted them other benefits. The most stubborn and successful recruiter was General Aguirre, who strengthened the Marte military association he founded with several top performers from Guadalajara.
The beginnings of football in Guadalajara
Edgar Everaert, born in Bruges , arrived in Guadalajara on September 15, 1904 and soon founded a football club together with some French friends such as Calixto Gas , which was born on May 8, 1906 under the name Club Unión . The club colors were red, white and blue, which are both the French national colors and the colors of the city of Bruges, of Everaert's origin. The club was initially named after the Avenida Unión ; the street on which the young men chased the ball in their early days.
On the same site, some young men from the Atlético Occidental, also founded in 1906, were practicing baseball at the same time and watched the goings-on on the neighboring field during a break. They took a liking to the sport, which was unfamiliar to them, and spontaneously agreed to a friendly game, which was won by the Club Unión players who had long been experienced in this sport. According to today's lore, this encounter is considered to be the first official football game between two club teams in Guadalajara.
In 1908, both clubs were among the founding members of the Liga de Occidente , whose first staging in 1908/09 was won by the former Club Unión, now renamed Guadalajara Football Club , before Atlético Occidental. But from the following season the Guadalajara FC grew into the biggest competitor through the school team of the Liceo de Varones . In the six seasons up to the 1913/14 season, the two teams made the state championship exclusively among themselves and were each successful three times. But the great rivalry between the two teams ended abruptly in 1914 with the dissolution of the school team after the Liceo de Varones had been closed. The first opponent of Guadalajara FC was not granted a long lifespan either, as Atlético Occidental was dissolved in 1917. Another club formed in 1908 was the CD Colón , which had its best phase between 1916 and 1920, when it won the Jalisco State Championship once and was twice runner-up. It existed until around 1930 and after its dissolution, its players joined other teams.
Most of them joined the Atlas Club , which had been founded in 1916 in the suburb of Tlaquepaque, southeast of Guadalajara, by some youngsters who had just graduated in England , where they had contracted the soccer virus.
The fact that Atlas was founded through the direct import of football from England, but that Chivas was introduced to the sport by some foreigners working in Mexico, reveals a lot about the original milieu of the two most important clubs in the city. Because the founding members of Atlas all came from families of the local upper class, while the Club Deportivo Guadalajara, which was founded ten years earlier, became a gathering place for the local workforce from the start. These significant social differences made them two socially opposed poles from the start.
Their first meeting in 1916 already revealed the different basic characters of the two teams and the social benefits that Atlas received in those days. Due to the scandalous referee services, the Club Guadalajara refused to participate in the tournament of the season 1917/18. The cornerstone for a bitter rivalry was laid. Especially since Atlas contested its previous supremacy with the Club Deportivo and won four championship honors between 1918 and 1921. This was followed by three runners-up championships by Atlas between 1922 and 1924, in which the CD Guadalajara won the championship as well as in 1925, when it first had to assert itself against the CD Nacional , which developed into the main opponent of the CD Guadalajara by the end of the 1930s; because between 1926 and 1939 Guadalajara and Nacional were tied for success with six titles each and only once (1936) was Atlas able to break their supremacy.
The CD Nacional was founded in 1917 and emerged from a team that had been practicing football since 1915. The name was chosen based on the national railway company Ferrocarriles Nacionales , where most of the players were employed in their main occupation as workers. Around this time, some new football teams were launched in Guadalajara, which were often anchored in a particular industry . One of them was Club Atlético Latino , founded on September 16, 1916 in the north of the city by workers in the clothing and shoe industry , which had its strongest phase in the 1930s and crowned it with the runner-up in the 1932/33 season in the state league.
In the last four years of the existence of the Liga de Occidente, which was last played in the 1942/43 season, the championship was won by three different teams, which also embodied a specific branch of industry and had not yet come to championship honors. The CD Oro, launched by the jewelery industry, was twice successful , and once each was the team of Sindicato Único de Trabajadores de Autotransportes de Jalisco (SUTAJ), the union of car transport workers , and the Rastro de Guadalajara , the local slaughterhouse .
The clubs in professional football
When the newly introduced professional league was held for the first time in the 1943/44 season , the traditional clubs CD Guadalajara and CF Atlas were among the ten founding members. While the CD Guadalajara was the only founding member besides its arch-rival Club América from the capital never to be relegated, the Club Atlas suffered this fate three times. In all three cases, however, the direct return to the elite class of Mexican football was achieved . A year later, a third team from Guadalajara was added to the top division for the 1944/45 season with the CD Oro.
The three clubs shared the Parque Felipe Martínez Sandoval , which was owned by the CD Oro, as their home ground. In this stadium, the Club Atlas celebrated its first and only championship title in the club's history in the 1950/51 season and a few years later matured the most successful team in the history of CD Guadalajara, which won its first championship title in the stadium, also known as Parque Oro and Parque Oblatos won. Due to the insufficient capacity of the stadium (15,000), the three clubs founded the Clubes Unidos de Jalisco company in 1957 with the purpose of building a new stadium.
From 1960, the three clubs took the newly created Estadio Jalisco , the one venue in the discharged in Mexico World Cups of 1970 and 1986 was in the Brazilian national team denied almost all their matches in these two tournaments.
The CD Nacional, which had initially fallen back into insignificance after the introduction of professional football, was included in the then still second-class Segunda División for the 1956/57 season and rose to the first division in the 1961/62 season , so that the city of Guadalajara up to whose descent at the end of the 1964/65 season was represented by four clubs in the top division of Mexico. After the 1974/75 season of the Club Universidad de Guadalajara and a year later the other university club Tecos UAG were promoted to the first division, Guadalajara was temporarily represented with five clubs in the top division of Mexican football. This era ended after the 1979/80 season , when Club Oro , which had meanwhile been converted into CSD Jalisco , had to make its way to the second division .
After the Leones Negros withdrew from the first division after the 1993/94 season (they later returned briefly to the elite class for the 2014/15 season ) and the Tecos were relegated from the first division at the end of the 2011/12 season were, meanwhile only the two old rivals Chivas and Atlas represent the city in the top division of Mexico. Even when the other clubs were still represented in the top division, Chivas and Atlas always had the largest following and their derby , known as Clásico Tapatío , usually overshadowed all other derbies. One of the few exceptions was the duels between Chivas and Oro in the early 1960s, when both clubs fought for the championship several times in direct duels. The climax of their clashes was the last game day in the 1962/63 season , when both teams faced each other in the decisive game. For Oro, who was trained by the former Chivas master coach Árpád Fekete at the time , it would have been the first championship title and for Chivas the fifth success in a row. Although Chivas would even have been enough to lead the table in a draw, Oro secured the only championship title in his history with a 1-0 win. Chivas won a total of eleven championship titles in the Mexican professional league and was the record champion for a long time. As the fourth club in town, the Tecos were successful in the 1993/94 season.
Overview of the most important clubs in the greater Guadalajara area
The following table includes both those clubs that played in the first Mexican professional league and the clubs that were either champions or at least runner-up in the Liga de Occidente , which was previously operated on an amateur basis .
They are sorted into three categories according to the following criteria: The first category (rank 1 to 4) includes all clubs that played both in the professional league introduced in 1943/44 and were successful in the Liga de Occidente. By far the most successful club CD Guadalajara (Chivas) is named first. In second place is the main rival Atlas, who is the only one besides Chivas still represented in the first division and has a similarly large following in the region.
The second category (places 5 and 6) lists the two university clubs that were only founded after the introduction of professional football. This is followed by the teams from the Liga de Occidente that were never represented in professional football. In first place (and thus in 7th place) the most successful team of the Liceo de Varones with three championship titles is listed. The sorting of the two teams, each with a runner-up (11th and 12th place), takes place in alphabetical order.
| rank | society | founding | Jalisco 1 | Mexico 2 | First division membership in professional football |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CD Guadalajara | 1906 | 13 (9) | 12 (9) | since 1943/44 |
| 2 | CF Atlas | 1916 | 5 (7) | 1 (3) | 1943 / 44–1953 / 54, 1955 / 56–1970 / 71, 1972 / 73–1977 / 78, since 1979/80 |
| 3 | CD Oro | 1923 | 2 (2) | 1 (5) | 1944 / 45–1979 / 80 (since 1970/71 as CSD Jalisco) |
| 4th | CD Nacional | 1917 | 7 (8) | 0 (0) 3 | 1961 / 62–1964 / 65 |
| 5 | Tecos UAG | 1971 | - (-) 3 | 1 (1) | 1975 / 76–2011 / 12 |
| 6th | U. de G. | 1970 | - (-) | 0 (3) | 1974 / 75–1993 / 94, 2014/15 |
| 7th | Liceo de Varones | 1908 († 1914) | 3 (2) | - (-) | - |
| 8th | CD Colón | 1908 († 1930) | 1 (2) | - (-) | - |
| 9 | Rastro | ???? († ????) | 1 (1) | - (-) | - |
| 10 | SUTAJ | ???? 4th | 1 (0) | - (-) | - |
| 11 | Atlético Latino | 1916 († ????) | 0 (1) | - (-) | - |
| 12 | Atlético Occidental | 1908 († 1917) | 0 (1) | - (-) | - |
Explanations
1 The number without brackets indicates the number of championship titles in the Liga de Occidente, the number in brackets the number of runner-up championships.
2 The number without brackets indicates the number of championship titles in the Primera División, the number in brackets the number of runner-up championships.
3 For the information, the representation 0 (0) was chosen if the respective team took part in the named tournament but did not achieve the corresponding success. The representation - (-) means that no corresponding participation has taken place.
4 SUTAJ (Abbreviation for Sindicato Único De Trabajadores Automovilistas De Jalisco ) still maintains a baseball team and has a small baseball stadium in Santa Rosalía, Tlaquepaque.
Other important teams
For the sake of completeness, the CD Imperio, founded in 1918 from the La Experiencia district in Guadalajara's sister city Zapopan, should also be mentioned, which played a major role as a former talent factory; because he trained more than a hundred future soccer professionals and seven of them even took part in a soccer world championship for Mexico .
Another mention deserves the Selección Jalisco , the national team of Jalisco established in 1926. She worked in the last three seasons from 1940/41 to 1942/43 in the Primera Fuerza , the football championship on an amateur basis in Mexico, and was composed of the best players from the teams from the Jalisco State League.
Overview of the most important stadiums from the greater Guadalajara area
The following table contains the most important stadiums in Guadalajara and the "sister city" Zapopan to the west . The sorting takes place in chronological order of their opening.
| Stadion | opening | capacity | closure | owner | Events |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parque del Paradero | 1918 | ? | 1980 | CF Atlas | Liga de Occidente |
| Parque Club Guadalajara | 1923 | 3,000 | 1943 | CD Guadalajara | Liga de Occidente |
| Parque Felipe Martínez Sandoval | 1930 | 24,000 | 1962 | CD Oro | Liga de Occidente and Primera División |
| Estadio Municipal de Guadalajara | 1931 | ? | 1950 | City of Guadalajara | ? |
| Estadio Olímpico de la Universidad de Guadalajara | 1951 | 4,000 | 2003 | Universidad de Guadalajara | ? |
| Estadio Jalisco | 1960 | 56,713 | still in operation | Clubes Unidos de Jalisco 1 | Primera División and international tournaments (including World Cup stadium 1970 and 1986 ) |
| Estadio Tres de Marzo | 1971 | 25,000 | still in operation | Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara | Primera División and international tournaments (including the 1986 World Cup stadium ) |
| Campo del Club Deportivo Guadalajara “Anacleto Macías Tolán” | 1973 | 3,500 | 2013 | CD Guadalajara | Home of the youth teams of the CD Guadalajara, such as B. the Club Deportivo Tapatío in the second division |
| Estadio Chivas | 2010 | 49,850 | still in operation | CD Guadalajara | Primera División and international tournaments |
1 organization that initially consisted of the merger of the Atlas, Chivas and Oro associations (later the Club Universidad de Guadalajara joined as the fourth association) to finance and operate the Estadio Jalisco.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Javier Bañuelos Rentería: Balón a tierra (1896–1932) , Editorial Clío, Libros y Videos, SA de CV, México 1998, pp. 68f / ISBN 970-663-022-8
- ↑ Historia del Club Atlas: Los primeros títulos en el Paradero (Spanish)
- ^ Corazón Chiva: Cien Años , Planeta, Guadalajara 2006, ISBN 970-37-0385-2 , p. 24.
- ^ Corazón Chiva: Cien Años , Planeta, Guadalajara 2006, p. 23.
- ↑ Unidad Deportiva SUTAJ ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ List of main stadiums for soccer in Mexico at RSSSF
- ↑ Estadio Anacleto Macías TOLAN - Liga de Ascenso
- ↑ Estadio Anacleto Macías TOLAN - Copa MX
