Forked hair mermaid

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Forked hair mermaid
Forked Fanwort (Cabomba furcata) flowers (28233447251) .jpg

Forked hair mermaid ( Cabomba furcata )

Systematics
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Order : Water lilies (Nymphaeales)
Family : Hair mermaid family (Cabombaceae)
Genre : Hair mermaids ( Cabomba )
Type : Forked hair mermaid
Scientific name
Cabomba furcata
School. & Schult. f.

The Forked Haarnixe ( Cabomba furcata ), also Red Cabomba , Reddish Haarnixe or Brazilian Haarnixe called, is a plant from the genus of cabomba ( Cabomba ) within the family of cabombaceae (Cabombaceae). This aquatic plant is widespread in the Neotropics .

Description and ecology

The reddish hair mermaid is visually different from other hair mermaids because of its reddish color.

blossom

Vegetative characteristics

The forked hair mermaid is a perennial herbaceous plant . This hydrophyte is anchored in the bottom of the water with short rhizomes .

There is heterophyllia . The leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The emersed, flooding leaves are arranged alternately on the stem. Your petiole is up to 5 inches long. Their shield-shaped (peltate) leaf blade is linear to lanceolate or rarely arrow-shaped with a length of up to 2.1 centimeters and a width of up to 1.7 millimeters. The submerged leaves are almost all whorled , in whorls, or rarely placed against constantly on the stem. Your petiole is up to 2.5 inches long. Your leaf blade is divided into two parts ("forked"). The leaf sections are thread-shaped with a length of 0.5 to 1 millimeter.

Generative characteristics

There is only one flower on each inflorescence stem, which is up to 4.5 centimeters long. The flowers protrude from the water. The flowers open on two consecutive days during the day. The hermaphroditic flowers are whorled, threefold and with a diameter of 6 to 10 millimeters, radial symmetry . The bracts are white or more often pink to purple in color. The three free sepals are obovate to elliptical with a length of 7 to 12 millimeters and a width of 2 to 4 millimeters; its base is yellow and its tip is purple in color. The three free petals are nailed, with a length of 8 to 10 millimeters and a width of 2 to 4 millimeters ovoid to oblong and have two yellow, nectar-carrying ears. There are seldom four to, usually six, free stamens . There are rarely one or usually two to three free carpels , each with two to five ovules .

After fertilization , the ripening fruits are under water. The egg-shaped fruits remain closed and contain two to five seeds. The almost spherical seeds are 1.3 to 1.8 millimeters long and 1.3 to 1.6 millimeters wide and 0.8 to 1.4 times as long as they are wide.

distribution

Cabomba furcata is in the Neotropic from Costa Rica via the Caribbean islands of Isla de la Juventud and Trinidad to South America in French Guiana , Guyana , Suriname , in the Peruvian region of Madre de Dios , in the states of Venezuela's Amazon , Anzoátegui , Apure , Barinas , Bolívar , Cojedes , Falcón , Monagas and Zulia , in the Bolivian department of Cochabamba , Beni and Santa Cruz , in the Colombian provinces of Valle del Cauca and Vaupés , in the provinces of Ecuador Napo and Sucumbios , and in the Brazilian states of Amazonas , Goias , Maranhao , Mato Grosso , Mato Grosso do Sul , Minas Gerais , Pará , Paraná , Piauí , São Paulo and Roraima are widely used.

Taxonomy

The first description of Cabomba furcata was made in 1830 by Josef August Schultes and Julius Hermann Schultes in Systema Vegetabilium , Volume 7, 2, S. 1379. The lectotype was set by Marian Ørgaard 1,991th Synonyms for Cabomba furcata Schult. & Schult. f. are: Cabomba piauhyensis Gardner , Cabomba pubescens Ule , Cabomba warmingii Casp.

use

It is used in aquariums, but is the most demanding of the hair mermaids available on the market in cultivation.

literature

  • Marian Ørgaard: The genus Cabomba (Cabombaceae) - a taxonomic study. In: Nordic Journal of Botany , Volume 11, Issue 2, 1991, pp. 179-203. doi : 10.1111 / j.1756-1051.1991.tb01819.x
  • Carla Teixeira de Lima, Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Santos, Ana Maria Giulietti: Morphological strategies of Cabomba (Cabombaceae), a genus of aquatic plants , In: Acta Botanica Brasilica , ISSN  0102-3306 , Volume 28, Issue 3, 2014. doi : 10.1590 / 0102-33062014abb3439
  • Fabíola Feres, Maria do Carmo E. do Amaral: Cabombaceae. In: MGL Wanderley, GJ Shepherd, TS Melhem, AM Giulietti, M. Kirizawa (eds.): Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo. Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Volume 3, 2003, pp .: 9-12. Full text PDF.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b AQUARIUM GUIDE - Aquatic Plants - South America - Cabomba furcáta - Red Cabomba. In: www.aquarium-guide.de. Retrieved November 6, 2016 .
  2. ↑ a b Maike Wilstermann-Hildebrand: genus Cabomba - hair mermaids. In: www.heimbiotop.de. Retrieved November 6, 2016 .
  3. ↑ a b c Cabomba furcata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved November 6, 2016.
  4. ↑ a b c d e Cabomba furcata at Tropicos.org. In: Flora de Nicaragua . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Fabíola Feres, Maria do Carmo E. do Amaral: Cabombaceae. In: MGL Wanderley, GJ Shepherd, TS Melhem, AM Giulietti, M. Kirizawa (eds.): Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo. Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Volume 3, 2003, pp .: 9-12. Full text PDF.
  6. ↑ a b Carla Teixeira de Lima, Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Santos, Ana Maria Giulietti: Morphological strategies of Cabomba (Cabombaceae), a genus of aquatic plants , In: Acta Botanica Brasilica , ISSN  0102-3306 , Volume 28, Issue 3, 2014. doi : 10.1590 / 0102-33062014abb3439
  7. ↑ Schult. & Schult. f. 1830: Caroli a Linné ... Systema vegetabilium: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species. Cum characteribus, differentiis et synonymiis. scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
  8. ↑ Cabomba furcata at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed November 6, 2016.
  9. ^ John H. Wiersema: A new species of Cabomba (Cabombaceae) from tropical America. In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 76, 1989, pp. 1167-1168. scanned at botanicus.org .
  10. ↑ Christel Kasselmann : aquarium plants. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-8001-7454-5 , p. 160 f.

Web links

Commons : Forked Hair Mermaids ( Cabomba furcata )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files