Wilhelm Degode

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Wilhelm Degode (1899)

Georg Wilhelm Degode (born February 6, 1862 in Oldenburg / Oldb .; † November 26, 1931 in Düsseldorf-Kaiserswerth ) was a German landscape painter and photographer .

Wilhelm Degode was one of the most famous landscape painters at the Düsseldorf School of Painting between 1884 and 1920 . His paintings can be found in Europe and the USA . His estate of photographic works has not yet been fully processed. One of his most famous works is the painting Gorse Gold . This painting refers to Degode's experienced story, which was published in 1904 by Hermann Ritter in Volume II of his “ Eifeler Sketches”.

Family and career

Wilhelm Degode was born in 1862 in the Degodehaus , Am Markt 24, in Oldenburg, as the son of a merchant family. The artistically gifted Wilhelm was actually supposed to learn the trade, because his father would have liked to see him as his successor in his large coffee roastery. The 13-year-old Wilhelm received his first drawing lessons from the curator of the Oldenburg painting gallery in Diedrichs. Due to his talent for drawing and after attending the secondary school in Osnabrück, Wilhelm, supported by his mother, was allowed to attend the Düsseldorf Art Academy from 1881 . In Düsseldorf, Wilhelm Degode received lessons from the professors of the art academy as well as privately. Heinrich Lauenstein and Hugo Crola were among his teachers , later also Carl Jungheim and Heinrich Deiters as well as Eugen Dücker . Wilhelm Degode had his first residence in Düsseldorf on Jägerhofstrasse with the painter Hermann Emil Pohle , not far from the Düsseldorf artists' association Malkasten , of which they were members. In the summer of 1886 Wilhelm Degode married Sophie Stüve from Osnabrück. In July 1887 the son Karl Wilhelm was born on Schumannstrasse . The Degode couple moved to Rosenstrasse 32 in 1888. This is where their daughter Friederika Maria Elisabeth was born in 1890 and in 1892 the twins Karl Dietrich and Elfriede Augusta Adelheid. In the mid-1890s, he moved to Rosenstrasse No. 46, Fritz von Wille lived a few houses down at No. 54. The von Wille and Degode families were close friends throughout their lives.

The Düsseldorf artists' association "Malkasten"

In 1885, Carl Jungheim introduced Wilhelm Degode as a member of the Malkasten artists' association. There Degode took part in the famous performances in 1899 (as Mandarin) and 1908 (The Wonders of India), which took place annually. Degode left innumerable photographs of the festivities of the paint box. Degode was also a member of the Association of Düsseldorf Artists and the Düsseldorf Photo Association , whose chairman was Erwin Quedenfeldt . Degode left about 3500 photo glass plates.

The maars of the Eifel and the gold of gorse

In 1884 Wilhelm Degode, inspired by the painter Heinrich Hartung , went on his first study trip through the Eifel from Malmedy via Bitburg , Gerolstein and Daun to the valley of the Moselle . Degode visited the Eifel 21 times on his study trips between 1884 and 1927, among others with colleagues like Fritz von Wille, who came to the Eifel in 1895, Hans Richard von Volkmann , the Willingshausen painters Heinrich Otto and Adolf Lins and Hugo Mühlig . Even Carl Bantzer was 1896 in the Eifel. They met at the Hotel Heck in Gerolstein.

Here in the Eifel, in a tributary of Schleiden, the true story of the "Degodischen was gorse gold ". Hermann Ritter , a native teacher and writer in Hellenthal , published this story in the book "Eifeler Sketches", Volume II.

Willingshausen

In 1893 Wilhelm Degode and Hans von Volkmann traveled from Gerolstein to Willingshausen on the Schwalm . Here you met colleagues Adolf Lins , Hugo Mühlig , Carl Bantzer , Heinrich Otto and other painters in the Haase Inn (Malerstübchen) . Degode was in Willingshausen from August 17th to September 18th. Degode also painted in Röllshausen , Merzhausen , Bernburg , Wassenberg and along the Schwalm. Willingshausen is considered to be the oldest painting colony in Europe.

Wilhelm Degode and Kaiserswerth

Summer day in Kaiserswerth , 1920

At the end of the 19th century, the Degode family moved to Kaiserswerth in a canons' house from 1704 at Kirchplatz 78 (today Suitbertus-Stiftsplatz 2). In 1898 Wilhelm Degode bought the house , which was owned by his descendants until 2015. Here in Kaiserswerth, new friends and colleagues were added. B. the writer Herbert Eulenberg and the marine painter Cornelius Wagner and the pharmacist Reinhard. The animal sculptor Josef Pallenberg , the sculptors Bernhard Sopher and Henrik Nordenberg (1857–1928) as well as the Buscher brothers were, in addition to friends from academy times, frequent guests in the Degode house. The Degode family maintained close contacts to the Kaiserswerth deaconess institution , in particular to Tippel and the descendants of Theodor Fliedner . A daughter of Wilhelm Degode, Maria Degode called Marie, became a teacher and was godmother to Gerhard Fliedner. Herbert Eulenberg wrote about Wilhelm Degode: "... every fisherman and sailor on the Rhine knew Degode, the silhouette was unmistakable when he happily went home with a painting under his arm at the noon bells ...". Many parties were celebrated and photographs were shown in Degode's studio.

Paintings / watercolors / copper engravings / drawings

In addition to countless drawings, oil studies and watercolors, Wilhelm Degode created around 800 large-format oil paintings in his studio.

literature

From 1883 to 1921 Wilhelm Degode was reported 186 times in the German daily press.

  • Das Geistige Deutschland, Zeitschrift für bildende Kunst, Vol. 23, 1898
  • German art and decoration - Rhineland - 1901/02
  • The gazebo
  • Thieme: General Lexicon of Fine Artists - 1913
  • Dresden Art Yearbook 1930
  • Pleitner - Oldenburg in the 19th century
  • Publication on the death of Wilhelm Degode - Herbert Eulenberg - 1931
  • Nordwestzeitung Oldenburg - 1952
  • Osnabrück artist - 1974
  • Eifeljahrbuch - Alois Mertes MDB - 1981
  • Wittla Yearbook - 1985
  • Pan - art magazine - 1985
  • The explorers of the Eifel - Otto Bauer - 1992
  • Kaiserswerth, A Walk in Photographs - 1995
  • Hans Paffrath (Ed.): Lexicon of the Düsseldorf School of Painting 1819–1918. Volume 1: Abbema – Gurlitt. Published by the Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf in the Ehrenhof and by the Paffrath Gallery. Bruckmann, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-7654-3009-9 .
  • Landscape painter of the Eifel- Conrad-Peter Joist - 1997
  • Eifel yearbook - 2000
  • Gorse gold - Anke Degode - 2001
  • One Hundred Years of the Northwest German Art Exhibition - Bernd Küster - 2005

Exhibitions and participation in exhibitions

  • Berlin - major art exhibition 1886–1913 regularly
  • Berlin Academy 1892
  • Bitburg - House Beda 1985
  • Bonn - 1911
  • Down - 1985
  • Bremen - art exhibition 1887, 1897
  • Dortmund - 1910
  • Dresden - 1888
  • Düren - Hösch Museum 1906, 1912, 1921
  • Düsseldorf - art exhibitions 1885–1930, regularly
  • Düsseldorf - Museum Kaiserswerth 1992, 2001
  • Düsseldorf - special exhibition 1905, 1906, 1931
  • Gerolstein Museum 1985, 1998
  • Goch - art exhibition 1927
  • Gotha - Art Association 1910
  • Hamburg - 1883, 1889, 1912
  • Hanover - Art Association 1903
  • Heimbach / Eifel - 2001
  • Kiel - 1913
  • Cologne - The Eifel in pictures 1891, 1897, 1905, 1911, 1917
  • Krefeld - Museum 1897,1913, 1917
  • Leipzig - 1888
  • Munich - Glaspalast 1897, 1900, 1904, 1906, 1908, 1912
  • Munster - 1900
  • Oldenburg - Künstlerbund 1883, 1885, 1894, 1897, 1899, 1900, 1903, 1906, 1907, 1927
  • Oldenburg - Northwest German Art Exhibition 1905, 2005
  • Osnabrück - Art Association 1903
  • Osnabrück - special exhibition 1907
  • Siegen - 1910
  • Trier - Art Association 1902, 1910, 1913
  • Trier - City Museum 2010
  • Vienna - 1907
  • Wuppertal - 1911

Study trips

The study trips of Wilhelm Degode can be proven from the correspondence as follows.

  • 1881 Ahlhorner Heide, Oldenburg, Karlsrode and Düsseldorf - began studies and moved to Düsseldorf.
  • 1882 Thuringia and Düsseldorf.
  • 1883 Altenried / Oldenburg (with Carl Jungheim).
  • 1884 Malmedy, St. Vith, Prüm, Bitburg, Gerolstein, Daun and Moselkern. Oldenburg.
  • 1885 Elmendorf, Zwischenahner See.
  • 1886 Moselkern, Bonn, Drachenfels and Berlin.
  • 1887 Dalwigksthal, Waldeck, Düsseldorf, Neandertal and Moselkern.
  • 1888 Oldenburg, Rastede, Neuchâtel jungle and Osnabrück region.
  • 1889 Gerolstein, Moselkern, Oldenburg, Osnabrück, Moselkern and Trier
  • 1890 Paris (with Eugen Dücker), Düsseldorf and Oldenburg (with Eugen Dücker and Heinrich Otto) Eifel, Moselkern and Pyrmont Castle.
  • 1891 Berlin, Moselkern, Gillenfeld, Gerolstein, Nuremberg and Munich.
  • 1892 Grevenweiler, Reda / Westf., Hemelingen and Reda / Westf.
  • 1893 Düsseldorf, Angermund, Kalkum, Kaiserswerth. Gerolstein (with Hans von Volkmann) Willingshausen (with Hans von Volkmann and other painter colleagues). Kassel and Freya? (with Otto Dinger ).
  • 1894 Gerolstein, Prüm, Schönecken (with Adolf Lins). Osnabrück, Varel, Rastede, Hemelingen and Paderborn.
  • 1895 Kaiserswerth, Kalkum, Rastede and Kaiserswerth.
  • 1896 Kaiserswerth, Munich, Rothenburg / T., Kalkum.
  • 1897 Kaiserswerth and Kalkum.
  • 1898 Kaiserswerth, Osnabrück and Eltztal Castle / Mosel.
  • 1899 Kaiserswerth, Rastede and Elmendorf.
  • 1900 Kaiserswerth and Munich.
  • 1901 Kaiserswerth and Kalkum
  • 1902 Gerolstein.
  • 1903 Oldenburg, Hemelingen, Osnabrück, Hellenthal, Schleiden, Gemünd and Hilden / Düsseldorf.
  • 1904 Kaiserswerth, Oldenburg, Rastede, Gerolstein and Pelm.
  • 1905 Amsterdam, The Hague, Harlem. Nierst, Langst and Wittlaer (with Hugo Mühlig).
  • 1906 Gerolstein, Hedemünde and Glehn near Neuss.
  • 1907 Gerolstein, Bad Nauheim and Lüneburg Heath.
  • 1908 Kreuzberg / Ahr, Munich and Rastede.
  • 1909 Treseburg / Harz, Bodetal and Oldenburg.
  • 1910 Oldenburg, Blexen and Gerolstein
  • 1911 Hellenthal, Moselkern and Gerolstein.
  • 1912 Hellenthal, Gerolstein, Federwardersiel, Oldenburg and Munich.
  • 1913 Ahlhorn, Oldenburg (with Wilhelm Fritzel ) and Moselkern.
  • 1914 Kaiserswerth.
  • 1915 Kaiserswerth.
  • 1916 Antweiler / Ahr and Gerolstein.
  • 1917 Gerolstein, Senden / Westf., Ahlhorn and Altenbeken.
  • 1918 Nideggen, Gillenfeld. Niedeggen and Heimbach (with Hugo Mühlig).
  • 1919 Neuenheerse / Westf. and Dringenberg / Westf.
  • 1920 Niedeggen, Heimbach and Gerolstein. Munich and Berchtesgadener Land / Obersalzberg (with Georg Macco ). Niedeggen.
  • 1921 Kaiserswerth and Kalkum.
  • 1922 Dringenberg / Westf.
  • 1923 Dringenberg, Paderborn, Würzburg and Niedersteinach. Trieberg, Black Forest, Freiburg, Strasbourg and Colmar.
  • 1924 Kaiserswerth and Kalkum.
  • 1925 Ahlhorn, Oldenburg and Kaiserswerth.
  • 1926 Kaiserswerth.
  • 1927 Kaiserswerth, Langst and Gerolstein.
  • 1928 Büdingen / Hessen.
  • 1929 Büdingen / Hessen and Kaiserswerth.
  • 1930 Kaiserswerth.
  • 1931 Kaiserswerth.

literature

Web links

Commons : Georg Wilhelm Degode  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cicilstand of the Lord Mayor's Office Düsseldorf, born: the 8th Karl Wilhelm, S. d. Painter Wilhelm Degode, Schumannstr. in Düsseldorfer Volksblatt (No. 211) of August 10, 1887 ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
  2. ↑ Rosenstrasse 32, Degode, Wilh., Landscape painter, in address book of the Lord Mayor's Office Düsseldorf 1889 , p. 200 ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
  3. ^ Civil status of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf, born: August 14th, Friederika Maria Elisabeth, T. d. Painter Wilhelm Degode, Rosenstrasse, in Düsseldorfer Volksblatt (No. 222) of August 17, 1890 ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
  4. ^ Civil status of the mayor's office in Düsseldorf, born: the 24th Karl Dietrich u. Elfriede Augusta Adelheid, twins of the painter Wilh. Degode, Rosenstrasse Bürger-Zeitung for Düsseldorf and the surrounding area (No. 291) of November 27, 1892 ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
  5. ↑ Rosenstrasse 46, Degode, Wilhelm, Maler, in the address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf 1895 , p. 661 ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
  6. ↑ Degode, Wilh., Painter, Kirchpl. 78, in address book for the municipality of Düsseldorf 1902 , Kaiserswerth p. 37 ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
  7. ^ Degode, Maria, teacher, Kirchplatz 78; Degode, Wilh., Landscape painter, Kirchplatz 78, in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf 1927 , p. 124 ub.uni-duesseldorf.de
personal data
SURNAME Degode, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Degode, Georg Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German landscape painter and photographer
DATE OF BIRTH February 6, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Oldenburg
DATE OF DEATH November 26, 1931
Place of death Düsseldorf-Kaiserswerth