Boundary description of the diocese of Prague

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The border description of the diocese of Prague (Polish document praski ) is part of a document of the German Emperor Henry IV for the diocese of Prague from the year 1086. It is contained in the Chronica Boemorum des Cosmas of Prague .

The certificate describes u. a. the boundaries of the diocese of Prague in terms of geographic features.

The text obviously reflects the state at the time the diocese was founded in 973. The date 1086 is unclear, as different territorial conditions prevailed at that time.

The text is of great importance for Czech, but also for Polish, national historical research, as it probably reproduces territorial conditions of the middle 10th century, which are not recorded in this form in any written source of this time. He also names the names of various smaller West Slavic tribes and their approximate location, about which little else and sometimes even no further information is known.

The described area probably corresponds to the sphere of influence of the Přemyslid rulers Boleslav I and Boleslav II until around 991.

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The text first describes western Bohemia within the low mountain range Bohemian Forest and Bavarian Forest . The Egerland around Cheb (area of ​​the Hbane ) is not mentioned and does not seem to belong to it. There are castles (or tribes?) Along the Eger , followed by castles inland along the Elbe . To the east of the Elbe and the lower Moldau was the area of ​​the independent Slavnikids until 995 . which obviously did not belong in the area of ​​the diocese. Pschowanen north of Prague are named as the northern border , followed by Chorvaten and a number of small Silesian regions (tribes?).

In the east the very distant rivers Bug ( Western Bug ) and Ztir , ( Stryj , or even Styr (?)) Are named as borders . In addition to Kraków , areas around Przemyśl and either Czerwień or Schydatschiw in what is now eastern Poland and western Ukraine would also be included . Such a wide extension of the Přemyslid domain is not mentioned anywhere else in the written sources of that time, but it is possible.

In addition, Moravia and a province at the Waag in today's western Slovakia mentioned.

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Pragensis episcopus Gebhardus saepe confratribus suis et Coepiscopis cae terisque Principibus nostris, ac novissime nobis conquestus est, quod Pragensis Episcopatus, qui ab initio per totum Bohemiae ac Moraviae Ducatum vnus et integer constitutus […]

Terms autem eius occidentem versus hii sunt: ​​Tugast, qui tendit ad medium fluminis Chub, Zelza, Zedlica, Liusena, Dasena, Liutomerici, Lemuzi vsque ad mediam sylvam, qua Bohemia limitatur. Deinde ad aquilonalem hii sunt termini: Psouane, Chrouati et altera Chrouati, Zlasane, Trebouane, Boborane, Dedosese usque ad mediam sylvam, qua Milcianorum occurrunt termini. Inde ad orientem hos fluvios habet terms: Bug scilicet et Ztir cum Krakouia civitate, provinciaque, cui Wag nomen est, cum omnibus regionibus ad praedictam urbem pertinentibus, que Krakou est. Inde Ungarorum limitibus additis, usque ad montes, quibus nomen est Tritri, dilatata procedit. Deinde in ea parte, quae Meridiem respicit, addita regione Moravia usque ad fluvium, cui nomen est Wag, et ad mediam sylvam, cui nomen est Mudre, et eiusdem montis, eadem Parochia tendit qua Bavaria limitatur

German translation (approximately):
"Its borders to the west are limited Tuhošt to the middle of the river Chamb , Zelza , Sedlec , Lutschanen , Děčín , Litoměřice , Lemusi to the middle of the forest, the Bohemia .

To the north whose boundaries are Pschowanen , Chorvaten and other Chorvaten , Slensanen , Trebowanen , Boboranen , Dedosizen to the middle of the forest, the border with the Milzeners is.

To the east these rivers are the borders of Bug and Stryj with Kraków Castle , and the province whose name is Waag , with all the regions belonging to said castle, which is Kraków .

To the Hungarians are the borders up to the mountains, whose name is Tatra . Further in that part that represents the middle, plus the Moravia region to the river, whose name is Waag , and to the middle of the forest whose name is Mudre , and whose mountains, which touch the parish, border Bavaria . "

Interpretations

The text mentions the following geographical conditions:

literature

Remarks

  1. ^ Bertold Bretholz and Wilhelm Weinberger (eds.): Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, Nova series 2: The Chronicle of the Bohemians of Cosmas of Prague (Cosmae Pragensis Chronica Boemorum). Berlin 1923 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )
  2. ↑ Scriptorum rerum bohemicarum, tomus I. Cosmae, Ecclesiae Pragensis Decani: Chronicon Bohemorum… Praga 1783 pp. 167-170.
  3. ↑ William Bogusławski Dzieje Słowiańszczyzny północno-zachodniej do połowy XII w. , Poznań 1892, p. 299
  4. ↑ In the 9th century the Kłodzko Land belonged to the Great Moravian Empire , in the 10th century to the Slavnikids , followed by the Přemyslids . It is in the Sudetes and not north of it. It came to Silesia only after the First Silesian War in 1742 or finally after the Peace of Hubertusburg in 1763. This also does away with the indication of Lower Silesia .