Upper Palatinate Forest

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Upper Palatinate Forest / Český les
Upper Palatinate Forest - German low mountain range, Series A-de.png
Highest peak Čerchov ( Schwarzkopf ) ( 1042  m nm )
location Bavaria (Germany), Czech Republic
part of Upper Palatinate-Bavarian Forest
Coordinates 49 ° 23 '  N , 12 ° 47'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 23 '  N , 12 ° 47'  E
Type Low mountain range
rock Gneiss , granite , mica slate , metabasite, quartz
surface 4,048 km²
f1
Geomorphological classification of the Czech Republic with Český les (marked in red)

The Upper Palatinate Forest , in Czech Český les (Bohemian Forest), is a north-south running low mountain range along the border between Bavaria and the Czech Republic . Geologically it belongs to the Bohemian Massif , in the north it borders on the Fichtelgebirge or the Steinwald , in the south on the Bavarian Forest .

geography

The Muglbach waterfall in the north of the Upper Palatinate Forest
Wayside cross near Weiden

The Upper Palatinate Forest extends over 100 km between the towns of Waldsassen in the north and Waldmünchen in the south. Its width measures about 30 to 40 km. To the south it goes over into the Cham-Further Senke , the Neumarker Senke , the Neumarker Pass and the Neugedeiner Furche , which separate it from the Bohemian Forest .

Characteristic for the low mountain range are deep valleys, castles and ruins , wide views, remote churches and chapels and so-called clearing islands . In the Middle Ages , large areas of forest were cut down for the numerous iron hammers and glassworks that stood by the rivers and streams. The clearing that took place at that time is still recognizable after the reforestation that has taken place since then .

The castles and castle ruins characteristic of the Upper Palatinate Forest were built as fortifications between the 11th and 13th centuries.

Geomorphological classification

geology

Geologically , as part of the Bohemian Massif , it essentially consists of various gneisses with partly intercalated Redwitzites and calcium silicates. Furthermore, there are large granite - intrusive bodies such as the lights Berger or Flossenbürger granite . Serpentinites also occur in the west and north . The southern part of the Upper Palatinate Forest with its polymetamorphic gneisses belongs to the Moldanubic , while the extreme north around Waldsassen already belongs to the Saxothuringic .

The Upper Palatinate Forest was known for its gold deposits , which were repeatedly exhausted in the past. In 2009, Deutsche Rohstoff AG began exploring again .

climate

The climate in the Upper Palatinate Forest is subcontinental or humid continental, the long-term annual mean air temperature for Flossenbürg at 840 m above sea level is 6.2 ° C. The average annual precipitation is 960 l / m² (1998–2011) and the average vegetation period is 128 days (with a daily mean temperature of more than 10 ° C). The annual average temperature for pastures (397 m above sea level), however, is 8.1 ° C, the average annual precipitation is 715 mm with a vegetation period of 160 days.

mountains

At the top of Čerchov
The Tillen in the north of the Upper Palatinate Forest
Hirschstein with castle ruins

The highest elevations in the Upper Palatinate Forest are - sorted according to height (for the mountains in Germany in meters (m) above sea ​​level ; for those in the Czech Republic in metrů nad mořem (m nm; meters above sea level)):

Important places

Pleystein (2014)

On the Bavarian side:

On the Czech side:

Rivers

Boulders in the Waldnaab

Several rivers have their source in the Upper Palatinate Forest:

Castles and castle ruins

Falkenberg Castle in the town of the same name in the Tirschenreuth district

see also: List of castles and palaces in Bavaria / RB Upper Palatinate

Nature landmarks

See also

Web links

Commons : Oberpfälzer Wald  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Upper Palatinate Forest  - Travel Guide

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Harald Elsner: Gold extraction in Germany - history and potential. (PDF) Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources , February 16, 2009, accessed on May 18, 2012 .
  2. ↑ https://www.lwf.bayern.de/boden-klima/umweltmonitoring/106056/index.php
  3. ↑ https://www.dwd.de/DE/wetter/wetterundklima_vorort/bayern/weiden/_node.html
  4. ↑ https://de.weatherspark.com/y/73259/Durchschnittswetter-in-Weiden-Deutschland-das-ganze-jahr-%C3%BCber