Waldmünchen

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 23 '  N , 12 ° 42'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Palatinate
County :	Cham
Height :	514 m above sea level NHN
Area :	101.18 km 2
Residents:	6677 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	66 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	93449
Area code :	09972
License plate :	CHA, KÖZ, ROD , WÜM
Community key :	09 3 72 171
City structure:	61 districts
City administration address :	Marktplatz 14 93449 Waldmünchen
Website :	www.waldmuenchen.de
Mayor :	Markus Ackermann ( CSU )
Location of the city of Waldmünchen in the Cham district

The Waldmünchner Marktplatz in 1997, before the redesign

City Parish Church St. Stephan (2009)

In the middle of the picture on the left the former Stadler House as part of the town hall with tourist information. To the right of it the original town hall.

Waldmünchen is a city in the Upper Palatinate district of Cham .

geography

Geographical location

The village is located in the southern Upper Palatinate Forest , which is part of the Upper Bavarian Forest Nature Park , on the border with the Czech Republic . The city is located on the upper reaches of the Schwarzach River , which is dammed up here to form the Perlsee , 75 kilometers by road northeast of Regensburg and 20 kilometers by road north of Cham .

City structure

The city consists of the following 62 municipal parts:

Albernhof Almosmühle Old brick hut Old hut Arnstein Branch Pelvic cavity Blumloh Bon wood Buchwalli Eglsee Englmannsbrunn Eschlhof Eschlmais Violinist Pay attention

Offspring Grub Hagbügerl Haidhof hammer Hashaberg Häuslarn Heinzlgrün Herzogau Hirschhof Hocha Hochabrunn Hell Katzbach Keilbügerl Kramhof

Scribble branch Kühnried Care mill Lampachshof Lengau Lenkenhütte Lodischhof Power mountain Moosdorf New brickworks Ox pasture Pearl Hut Posthof Prosdorf Pucher Rannersdorf

Ringberg Rosshof (upper) Rosshof (lower) Sheep farm Sinzendorf Spielberg Street house Ulrichsgrün Untergrafenried Lower hut Gun loop Waldmünchen Zieglhütte Zillendorf

Waldmünchen has 15 districts: Albernhof, Ast , Geigant , Herzogau, Hocha, Höll, Katzbach, Prosdorf, Rannersdorf, Schäferei, Sinzendorf, Spielberg, Ulrichsgrün, Untergrafenried and Waldmünchen. The district of Herzogau is shared with the neighboring municipality of Furth im Wald .

history

Prehistory and early history (up to 1000)

There are several theories about the origin of the place. It is most likely that in the 10th century, under the reign of King Henry I (919–936), the Margraves of Cham built a fortification to protect the Arnstein Pass, the former connecting road to Bohemia. The settlement was given the name Waldmünchen because those monks who took care of the residents were referred to as "forest monks"; presumably they were monks from the Walderbach monastery , but the Chammünster and Schönthal monasteries can also be used as reference points. The often mentioned exact founding years 910 or 923 are by no means certain. The city administration names the year 910.

Beginnings (1000–1400)

In 1143 the Walderbach monastery owned real estate in the Waldmünchen area. The monks exercised pastoral care here. “Monacum ante nemus Bohemorum” - Munich in front of the Bohemian Forest - received city rights in 1250. In 1255, "Munich around the forest" fell to Duke Heinrich XIII when the country was first divided . from Niederbayern / Straubing . In 1256, Waldmünchen's landlord, knight Reinboto von Schwarzenburg / Rötz, and Bishop Albertus Magnus von Regensburg fought over a church toe "in Monaco". Around 1261 the judge Chuno von Berengar officiated. In 1265, Duke Heinrich confirmed the Walderbach Monastery’s right to present to the parish of Waldmünchen.

Ottokar II of Bohemia devastated the city and the surrounding area in 1266. 1270 appeared in the second Herzogsurbar (description of the property) next to "stat ze Moenichen" Hirschhöf, Ast, Kritzenast, Albernhof, Grub, Herzogau, Hocha, Englmannsbrunn, Katzbach, Hochabrunn, Ulrichsgrün, Machtesberg and Grafenried . In 1274, Duke Heinrich and Ottokar II signed a secret treaty against Rudolf I of Habsburg in Waldmünchen . The violinist , who now belongs to Waldmünchen , was mentioned in a document from the Schönthal monastery in 1283. The Geigant festival dates back to the 10th century. In 1317, Landgrave Ulrich von Leuchtenberg granted the city the right to brew wheat beer in the “White Brewery”. The city wall of Waldmünchen was first mentioned in a document in 1364 (see also Burgstall Herzogau , Burgstall Bleschenberg , tower hill Katzbach ) .

War and epidemics (1400–1700)

The rulership of Schwarzenburg-Rötz-Waldmünchen came into the possession of Bohemian nobles in 1409. In 1425, citizens and peasants repulsed a first attack by the Hussites near Höll. Waldmünchen was called "Geysmünchen". Hintschik Pflug von Rabstein defeated the Hussites in the Battle of Hiltersried in 1433 - a turning point in the Hussite War for the Upper Palatinate .

Around 1460 life returned. The school was rebuilt and iron ore was mined in the suburb's hammer mill. The first known city fire was officially recorded before 1469. In 1492 the city rights were confirmed again: the lower jurisdiction , the civil rights to hunting , fishing and brewing . The church tower was also mentioned for the first time. In 1495, Waldmünchen was owned by Heinrich von Plauen, then Guttenstein- Vrtba . In 1496 a hereditary gift was given in the wheat beer brewery. The vocational school is housed in the building today.

Heinrich von Guttenstein-Vrtba suppressed the country and the city in 1505. In 1510, Waldmünchen became the Electoral Palatinate Office. The keepers , mostly aristocrats, resided in the castle, the so-called palace. 1527 was the end point of the mounted Prague mail in Waldmünchen. The route led via Arnstein to Bohemia and Prague . In 1534 one finds the first reference to Waldmünchener glassworks, the Glashüttenbühl in Perlhütte. By 1543 the city had four mayors and eight councilors. The farm on the Kramberg in the Bohemian Forest is mentioned for the first time in 1549.

Spielberg is first mentioned in a document in 1550. In 1556 Waldmünchen became due to the Augsburg imperial and religious peace . which Ottheinrich von Wittelsbach had joined, Evangelical Lutheran, later Calvinist until the re-Catholicization in Bavaria during the Thirty Years War (1618–1648). In 1559 the church tower was raised. In 1571 the guild of linen weavers renewed its craft regulations. First glassworks in Herzogau , built in 1579 by Pfleger Ruhland. In 1584 the electoral sheep farm was distributed to the tenants with inheritance rights, and in 1585 the cemetery was built in front of the Hammertor. The schoolhouse in front of the Stefanskirche on Böhmerstraße is mentioned for the first time in 1590. From 1591 to 1900 there was a bread shop in the town hall.

The Reichsposthalterei was established in 1615 by the Thurn and Taxis . On the military and trade route Nuremberg – Waldmünchen – Prague, the marches in the Thirty Years' War began for decades in 1621 . Waldmünchen and the surrounding area were systematically exploited. In 1628 the Upper Palatinate, and thus Waldmünchen, fell to the Electorate of Bavaria and became Roman Catholic again. A devastating city fire in 1633 destroyed seventy-two houses. Sweden general Vitztum and Evangelical Lutheran mercenary groups besieged and conquered the city. Two thirds of the approximately 1000 inhabitants died of the plague .

In 1641 the Swedish colonel von Birkenfeld had Waldmünchen looted for three days. The remaining citizens fled into the woods. 1648 the city paid as part of an arson 3000 guilders to Sweden and prevented one but repeated burning. In any case, only fire ruins remained of Waldmünchen, in which life was only slowly developing again.

In 1654 the Wagenhof was built in the Bohemian Forest. In 1658 the city burned down again. This also affected the nursing home. Leopold I . von Habsburg and Elector Ferdinand Maria sealed a secret treaty in Waldmünchen. The Althütte glassworks had been on the Posthof since 1694.

Early modern period (1700–1900)

In the Spanish War of Succession , Austria occupied the nursing office in 1703. Young men were forced into military service . In 1708 another great fire destroyed the castle and town. The previous chapel of St. Stephen became the parish church. The Austrians moved the border to Bohemia anew. Some Bavarian villages, e.g. B. Steinlohe, Grafenried, Haselbach, Posthof, Wagenhof and Kramberg, became Bohemian. Apart from Haselbach and Grafenried, the villages became Bavarian again in 1764. In 1711 the cemetery church was built. The Frank brothers donated the hospital and the Trinity Church. The glassworks at Posthof (Wildenauer-Hütte) moved to Unterhütte in 1713 as a result of the demarcation of the border, which is how this place was founded.

In 1742 the Pandur colonel Trenck took the city in the War of the Austrian Succession . The efforts of pastor Braun from Waldmünchen as well as some school children prevented a storming and looting. In 1764 Waldmünchen lost parts of its hinterland to Bohemia through the Prague border treaty, including Haselbach (Liskova) and Grafenried (Lučina). The statue of St. Nepomuk was donated by the Frank brothers in 1769 and placed on the market square of Waldmünchen. In 1771 the city suffered a three-year famine as a result of some bad harvests. In 1778 Austrian troops occupied the city and the surrounding area again. In 1788 there were 152 small gardens in front of the Hammer and Astertor. In 1796 the Napoleon Wars began and the citizens of the city suffered from the passage of thousands of troops. Citizens and farmers suffered from constant billeting and the heavy burden of war. 372 wounded French were housed in the barns outside the city. The Wasenmeisterei was housed in the Weißenlohe. In 1796/97, 600 head of cattle that died due to an epidemic were buried in the area of ​​the later Torweiherweg.

In 1803 the maintenance office became the district court of Waldmünchen . From 1803 to 1804 the parish grounds were distributed. The first pieces of the city wall were torn down in 1809. In 1812, the so-called “Neutor” in Schützenstrasse leading to the Köckkeller was broken through. The last public execution was recorded in 1814. It took place on the market square in Waldmünchen through the scaffold ("Spindler vom Dirmaal"). In the same year Tsar Alexander I traveled through Waldmünchen and noticed the great famine, he immediately sent two loads of grain to Waldmünchen as thanks for the good accommodation. In 1816 the hammer gate was torn down and the penal building in front of the town hall was auctioned. The Jakerlbräu brewery was built in 1817. Waldmünchen belonged to the Regenkreis . The Schmidtbräukeller was built in 1822. In 1824 the school garden was laid out in front of the Böhmertor. Around 4,000 fruit trees were planted. Today the rectory is located here. In the Ulrichsgrünertal, Baron von Voithenberg built glass loops in 1826 (so-called Schächtl loops), in which raw glasses are refined by the lower hut. In 1826 and 1828 Johann Frank von Waldmünchen built two more glass loops, the so-called "Frankenschleifen". In 1827 the cloth factory Wessely & Spaett was founded. Ritter von Lenkenberg built the “Lenkenhütte” glass factory named after his name. In 1831 cholera was rampant in Waldmünchen. In 1833 Chateaubriand was forced to stay in Waldmünchen for three days due to a lack of a visa. The Ölbergkirche was rebuilt in 1833. At the location of an earlier wooden chapel that was built on the site where the first gallows stood in olden times ("... on the old Hochaer Weg"). In 1838 the “Grasslschleif” glassworks was built in Ulrichsgrün. Despite resistance, the last city gate ("Böhmertor") and other remains of the city wall were torn down in 1839. Lederer Bacherl built the tax office in 1840, later the forest office, then the rent office.

In 1844 the emigration to America from the Altlandkreis Waldmünchen began. It peaked in 1872. Over 1300 residents emigrated to America. Waldmünchen came to the district court of Neunburg vorm Wald in 1857 . In 1858 the school was built on Schulstrasse. It received four classrooms and is now used as a vocational school. The previous regional court was named District Office in 1862. A new brewery (Koisa) was built, which now houses the district court. The guilds were abolished in 1867. In 1868 the shepherds' houses in the suburbs were auctioned; today the Pechhansenstrasse cemetery is located on them. The first telegraph connection existed in Waldmünchen in 1869. The Brücklkeller at the hospital was abandoned in 1871 and the arbours removed. In 1872 Johann Frank from Waldmünchen acquired the Lenkenhütte. Behind the Kommunbrauhaus there was another breakthrough in the city wall in 1878. In 1880 the Unterhütter Glashütte was given up (today the local pond). The first morgue was built in 1885. In 1887/88 there was three to five meters of snow in Waldmünchen. On Midsummer Day (June 24th) there was still snow in the Bohemian Forest. The Hammerbräu built its brewery. In 1891 Johann Frank built the "Neuhütte", a modern glass factory, instead of the Lenkenhütte. In 1895 the Cham-Geigant-Waldmünchen railway line was opened.

First and Second World War, Cold War (1900–1989)

In 1915 Hammerstrasse, the market square and the rear Astergasse (Schulstrasse) were paved. The “small cellar” was abandoned and the Weißenloh was cultivated. The population suffered a lot from the First World War in 1917 . The "Lenkenhütte" (then Neuhütte) was closed. The bankruptcy lasted until 1934. In 1923 the millennium celebrated trillions in inflation money . The last tower guard, Bieringer, left the post on the city tower. In 1940 the district was expanded to include eleven communities that had previously belonged to Czechoslovakia (some of them Sudeten German , some purely Czech ).

As the US Army approached Bayreuth, the capital of the Bavarian East Markets , in April 1945 , Gauleiter Fritz Wächtler went to the Grenzlandhotel Herzogau near Waldmünchen on April 13, 1945, where he had resided luxuriously with Nazi figures for years. Then Wächtler was there on April 19, 1945 at the instigation of his deputy Ludwig Ruckdeschel and on the orders of Adolf Hitler shot . Under the SS city commander Siegfried Stöhr and the mayor and district leader Max Seidel (1900-1945) intensive defense preparations were made, but the Waldmünchner Volkssturm did not intervene in the fighting: After several hours of shelling, during which 30% of the city was destroyed, units were conquered of the 90th US Infantry Division ("Tough Ombres") on April 26, 1945 against fierce resistance of the " 30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (Belarusian No. 1) " opened the city, with units of the 11th Panzer Division ("Ghost Division “) Were involved. In the immediate vicinity, especially on the other side of the border with today's Czech Republic in the vicinity of today's twin town of Waldmünchen's Klenčí pod Čerchovem (Klentsch), there were heavy fighting against the 11th Panzer Division with several dozen dead until May 1st.

The first elections under American supervision took place in 1946. The former “hinterland” of Waldmünchen in the area of ​​the communities Haselbach, water soups ( Nemanice ) and Grafenried was completely cut off for 45 years by the Iron Curtain ; In 1945/46 almost all residents of German ethnicity were resettled from the villages of the former Sudetenland on the basis of the Beneš decrees ; the villages Haselbach, Mauthaus, Anger , Seeg, Haselberg and Grafenried (where the parish church St. Georg was blown up by the military in 1971) were completely demolished in 1956/57 because they were in the military exclusion zone around the Čerchov ; all other villages of the former parish water soup lost a large part of their building fabric. Only after the opening of the border in 1989/1990 was this scenic border region with its still untouched nature again accessible to the public and is now accessible via hiking and cycling trails, which also lead through the partly forgotten Czech villages and the desert .

The river Böhmische Schwarzach was dammed into Perlsee in 1962 . The last glassworks, the "Grasslschleif" in Ulrichsgrün, ceased operations, as did the Wessely und Spaett cloth factory in 1966, the largest employer for decades. The city has been a state-approved climatic health resort since 1968 . Until June 30, 1972, Waldmünchen was the district town of the district of the same name , which was then dissolved in the course of the regional reform . In 1982 the castle and the old parsonage became the youth education center for the Upper Palatinate. In 1983 Waldmünchen entered into a town partnership with Marktoberdorf . A Christmas tree from Waldmünchen adorned St. Peter's Square in Rome in 1984 .

Opening of the Iron Curtain (since 1990)

After 45 years of the Cold War , the Iron Curtain on what was then Czechoslovakia fell on August 1, 1990 (after a symbolic border opening on January 26, 1990). The Waldmünchen-Höll border crossing was reopened: first for pedestrians, then for buses, and soon afterwards also for cars. In the meantime, the border crossing is only closed to supraregional trucks, they have to use the Waidhaus Autobahn ( A 6 ) border crossing . In 1993 the district of Cham sold the Waldmünchen foundation hospital. In the same year, the city entered into a partnership with the French Combourg (Chateaubriand). In 1994 the Aquafit adventure pool was opened, which also attracts visitors from the surrounding area. The Stadlerhaus was rebuilt and added to the town hall. In 1999 the site of the old cloth factory was converted into a residential residential park and opened.

In 2001 the Grenzland- und Trenckmuseum was opened. In 2002 the so-called Windmeisserhaus in Hofgartenstrasse was purchased as a youth center. The redevelopment of the market square began on June 21, 2003 and was completed in 2005. Thus the market place got a new, more pedestrian-friendly face. In 2005, the previously municipal campsite at Perlsee came into private ownership. On December 21, 2007 at midnight, in accordance with the Schengen Agreement , the police and customs officers left their places and the Höll-Liskova border crossing was opened for unrestricted border traffic: 17 years after the fall of the Iron Curtain, unhindered border traffic was now possible; the police and customs officers have been doing their duty in the hinterland since then. In the village of Grafenried (Lučina), which was destroyed in 1956/57 and was settled by Germans until 1946 and now in the Czech Republic, the foundations and remains of the parish church of St. George and other buildings such as the rectory have been excavated since 2011; The outer wall of the sacristy was also rudimentary reconstructed by Czech specialists. After the re-consecration of the remains of the church, masses are celebrated there again on a regular basis.

As in 1984, a Christmas tree from the Bohemian Forest near Waldmünchen adorned St. Peter's Square in Rome under the motto “From the center of Europe to the center of Christianity”.

Incorporations

On January 1, 1972, the previously independent communities of Albernhof, Ast (with Englmannsbrunn, which was incorporated in 1945 or 1946), Prosdorf, Schäferei and Ulrichsgrün were incorporated. On July 1, 1972, Hocha, Höll and Spielberg as well as parts of the area of ​​the dissolved municipality of Herzogau followed. The incorporation was completed on January 1, 1978 with the incorporation of Untergrafenried (the part of Grafenried on the German side ) and on May 1, 1978 by Geigant (with the towns of Katzbach and Rannersdorf incorporated on January 1, 1972) and Sinzendorf.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the population decreased from 7,323 to 6,728 by 595 inhabitants or by 8.1%.

year Residents January 1, 1771 1101 January 1, 1871 2676 January 1, 1919 2838 January 1, 1939 3077 June 6, 1961 4088 January 1, 1966 4294 May 27, 1970 4033 June 30, 1972 4609 July 1, 1972 1 7500 January 1, 1980 7688 January 1, 1990 7167 January 1, 2000 7204

year Residents December 31, 2005 7285 December 31, 2010 6976 December 31, 2015 6768 December 31, 2016 6812

¹ regional reform, several municipalities are connected to the city of Waldmünchen.

politics

City council

The local elections on March 16, 2014 and March 15, 2020 led to the following results with a turnout of 65.72% (2014) and 69.9% (2020), respectively:

Party / list	Share 2014	Seats 2014	Share 2020	Seats 2020
CSU	27.2%	6th	23.0%	4th
Green	-	-	6.9%	1
SPD	10.8%	2	8.0%	2
Voting Union Waldmünchen Land (WUL)	16.8%	3	13.3%	3
Free Association of Voters (FWG)	14.0%	3	14.6%	3
Voting Community Waldmünchen Land (WWL)	13.8%	3	10.7%	2
Party-free electorate country (PWL)	12.6%	2	13.3%	3
Young voters Waldmünchen (JW)	5.0%	1	5.5%	1
List of young people from Waldmünchner (LJW)	-	-	4.7%	1
total	100.0%	20th	100.0%	20th

mayor

Markus Ackermann (CSU) has been mayor since October 19, 2010. In the 2020 election, he was also supported by the young people from Waldmünchen, the voter community Waldmünchen Land and the voter union Waldmünchen Land and elected in the runoff election on March 29, 2020 with 51.4% of the valid votes for a further six years.

Mayor since 1454 (selection)

1454: Waitzer Jakob 1538: Rayder Hans 1580: Franckh Jörg 1615: Sebastian Grillenberger 1627: Franckh Lorenz 1628: Patenti 1635: Schmidt Georg 1641: Neusinger 1651: Reischl Hans 1666: Franckh Thomas 1667–1676: Zengler Christoph 1681: Ziegler Christoph, Riepl Johann 1699–1721: Franck Michael Johann 1726: Hämmerl 1728: Kayser Johann Georg, Werner, Picherl 1733: Reischl Johann Valentin 1744: Schweiger Johann Jakob 1765: Silberhorn Johann Jakob, Kellermann 1770: farmer Johann Georg 1774: Eberl Johann 1783: Spadini Alexander 1793: Spadini Abel, Reischl Theodor, Lohner Franz 1802: Schmid Wolf 1805: Reischl Thomas 1818: Bruckmeyr Simon 1827: Dietl Johann Baptist

1835: Lenard Jakob 1848: Black Alois 1860: Spätt Georg 1868: Silberhorn Josef 1869: Lehmann Peter 1875: Nachtmann Xaver 1893: Frank Johann 1900: Koller Josef 1904: Schmid Franz Xaver 1912: Kellermann Alois 1918: Urban Franz Xaver 1924: Bücherl Johann 1933: Mannhart Franz 1935: Dietl Johann (executive) 1935: Seidel Max (NS district leader) 1945: Grand Man Bernhard 1945: Bücherl Johann 1946: Pregler Johann 1948: Pregler Albert 1956: Kussinger Johann 1964: Eisenhart Max 1978: Eiber Heinrich 1984: Aumüller Dieter 2002: Löffler Franz 2010: Ackermann Markus (re-elected in 2014 with 58.02%)

coat of arms

The coat of arms is derived from the seal guide and has been documented since 1315. In 1960 the coat of arms was re-established. The heraldic description reads: A green beech with roots in silver.

Town twinning

Waldmünchen maintains four city partnerships:

•  Germany : Marktoberdorf in Swabia (Bavaria) (since 1983)
•  Czech Republic : Klenčí pod Čerchovem - German Klentsch (since 1990)
•  France : Combourg (since 1993)
•  Germany : Elz in Hessen (since 2006)

Culture and sights

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Waldmünchen

Green spaces and recreation

One kilometer north of Waldmünchen is the extensive local recreation area of ​​the Perlsee with opportunities for swimming, camping, mini golf, beach volleyball, water sports (pedal boating, rowing, windsurfing and sailing) and fishing. There is a fitness trail , ice skating and curling in winter; There are well-developed hiking trails on the shore and around the lake.

Trenckfestspiele

Trenck the Pandur Festival (2014)

Franz Freiherr von der Trenck was a Pandur colonel who, at the beginning of the War of the Austrian Succession, put together a 1000-strong Freikorps at his own expense in 1741 and was soon feared everywhere between the Isar and the Bavarian-Bohemian border. During this "campaign" in 1742 he stood in front of Waldmünchen.

In 1937 the idea of ​​a playful approach to this story was born. However, the Second World War prevented their concrete implementation. After this, the idea was taken up again and realized. Since the premiere in 1950, what happened at that time has been documented by the annual Trenck Festival. Here, Waldmünchen amateur actors perform the play Trenck der Pandur in front of Waldmünchen during the months of July and August . In front of a covered grandstand with 800 seats on the festival area under the night sky, the hard life of the locals at that time and the wild demeanor of the Pandours with their notorious guide Franz von der Trenck are presented in nine performances. The logo of the Trenck Festival, three Pandur riders, was designed by Georg Achtelstetter .

Museums

A museum with historical clocks is housed in the city ​​tower, the steeple of the parish church of St. Stephen . When it is open, the tower can be climbed up to the 35.4 m high viewing level in the “lantern”, which offers a good view of Waldmünchen.

Regular events

Celebrations and festivals

Guests of honor ignite the charcoal pile (2014)

The Spring Festival takes place once a year as well as the Heimatfest and the MundArt Festival in July. Also in July, a Meiler Festival has been celebrated for years as part of the tradition and homeland maintenance with an authentic coal pile. Furthermore, the Country Festival is held in August and the Autumn Festival and the Pandur camp in autumn. Another highlight is the castle festival organized by the Black Pandours.

Weeks and fairs

Weekly markets are held every Tuesday and Saturday of the week. If a public holiday falls on this day, the weekly market is canceled.

Annual markets take place in Waldmünchen on Tuesday in the third week of fasting, on the Sunday before Ascension Day, on the second Sunday in July, on the last Sunday in September and on the Sunday before Wolfgang.

There is a Christmas market on the second Saturday of Advent.

Economy, infrastructure, education

traffic

Waldmünchen is not on any federal highway or motorway. The federal road 22 Cham– Weiden runs 10 km away near Schönthal . Cham is 20 km away, Furth im Wald is 15 km away. The city is accessible by several state and district roads (St. 2400 to Schönthal / Rötz, St. 2146 coming from Cham to Haselbach, St. 2154 to Waidhaus, CHA 40 to Furth im Wald), which are often extended to the same federal road due to the increasing border traffic (e.g. connection Waldmünchen-Haselbach / CZ.). In December 2013, the northern bypass (part of State Road 2146) was completed, which has since relieved Waldmünchen of regional traffic.

Waldmünchen is connected to the Iron Curtain Trail , the longest official long-distance cycle path in Europe, which runs along the former Iron Curtain.

There are two border crossings to the neighboring Czech municipality of Nemanice (water soups) : For motor vehicles, the road crossing in the Höll district to Lísková (Haselbach); The cross-border hiking trail from the Untergrafenried district to the abandoned town of Lučina (Grafenried) is also available for hikers, three kilometers to the west.

Waldmünchen is the terminus of the Cham – Waldmünchen railway line , on which trains run by the Upper Palatinate Railway .

Jobs

In 2017 the city had 1940 jobs subject to social security contributions. Of the resident population, 2,315 people were in employment that required insurance. This means that the number of out-commuters was 375 more than that of in-commuters. 111 inhabitants were unemployed.

Authorities

The following offices are in Waldmünchen:

• Branch office of the Cham tax office
• Federal Police Inspectorate
• Branch office of the Office for Food, Agriculture and Forests Cham
• Notary
• Police station

education

In addition to primary and secondary schools, Waldmünchen also has a business and vocational school and, since the 2017/18 school year, a secondary school. Then there is the Techniker Schule Waldmünchen. The Waldmünchen youth education center offers overnight accommodation and educational opportunities for groups and young adults. Waldmünchen is also a location for the Cham district music school.

There are two day-care centers in the city with a total of 174 places; 191 children are currently being cared for (as of March 1, 2018).

Local means of payment

Waldmünchen issued local currency twice in history. Once during the inflation period and once so-called Aktiv-Taler around the year 2000.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Heinrich von Frauendorfer around 1905

• Johann Andreas Reuschel (1649–1686), organ builder
• Georg Liegel (1779–1862), pomologist
• Heinrich von Frauendorfer (1855–1921), first Bavarian Minister of Transport
• Christl-Marie Schultes (1904–1976), Bavaria's first female aviator
• Michaela Krinner (1915-2006), painter
• Alois Bierl (* 1943), rower, Olympic champion 1972
• Andreas Grassl (* 1984), known as the "piano man"

Other personalities with a connection to the city

• François-René de Chateaubriand (1768–1848), stayed in Waldmünchen on a journey through Prague in 1833 and described his travel impressions in his diary

• Johann Michael Nachtmann (1796–1884), company founder, operator of the Unterhütte ( glassworks Herzogau )
• Anton Teufel (1829-1896), Kgl. Bay. District forester and builder of the Devil's Bridge
• Karl Greiner (1920–1957), postmaster, co-founder of the Trenck Festival
• Heinz Piontek (1925–2003), writer, lived in Waldmünchen in 1945
• Eddi Arent (1925–2013), film actor, lived in Waldmünchen until 2011
• Bernhard Setzwein (* 1960), writer, lived in Waldmünchen from 1990 to 2015

Others

The Waldmünchen border police station of the state police was located in Waldmünchen and was responsible for Tiefenbach , Treffelstein , Waldmünchen and Gleißenberg , an area of ​​183 km². In the course of the Schengen Agreement and the abolition of border controls, the police officers are now used to search the hinterland and the border police station in Waldmünchen has become an ordinary police station. The border inspection post in Höll was closed.

Since 1992 there has been an office of the Federal Police in Waldmünchen (before 2005 Federal Border Police ). Until December 21, 2007, the officers of the Federal Police Inspectorate in Waldmünchen were responsible for border surveillance in the border section from Friedrichshäng to the municipal boundary of the city of Furth im Wald. With the abolition of the border due to the Czech Republic's entry into Schengen , the Federal Police took over the role of border authority at the Czech border. The task switched from border surveillance to internal border searches. As of March 1st, 2008, the Federal Police Inspectorate in Waldmünchen was merged with the Regensburg and Furth im Wald inspections through the reorganization of the Federal Police. The federal police station in Regensburg and Furth im Wald are now subordinate to the federal police station in Waldmünchen. The tasks were also expanded: The internal border search was extended to the 30 km area to the German-Czech border in the districts of Cham and Schwandorf. Furthermore, the performance of railway police duties in the districts of Cham, Schwandorf, Amberg-Sulzbach, Neumarkt, Kelheim, Regensburg and the independent cities of Regensburg and Amberg belong to the area of ​​responsibility of the Federal Police Inspectorate Waldmünchen.

In the district of Herzogau there is a brewery (Schlossbrauerei Herzogau), which is no longer brewing and can be visited as a museum brewery , and the (only) service dog school of the advanced training institute of the Bavarian riot police (BPFI). Furthermore, the former rectory was converted into a well-known artist café, which has now been closed again.

In the city of Munich forest stand on the southeast, by Herzogau clip rock ( 847.1  m ) and the south-western of Sinzendorf Bleschenberg ( 596  m ), two identical wooden Towers .

The in Mark liberalization reintroduced license plate is the nation's only case with a "letter-turner." According to the place name it should read WMÜ . Because of the pronounceability and comprehensibility in police radio, it became WÜM at that time.

literature

• Josef Kraus: Waldmünchen. A home book. Self-published, Waldmünchen 1968.
• Meinrad Gruber: Waldmünchen. From the 1000 year history of a city on the border. City of Waldmünchen and others, Waldmünchen 1983.
• Waldmünchen (Ed.): Waldmünchen. History of a city from the beginning to the present. Vögel, Waldmünchen 2010, ISBN 978-3-89650-316-9 .

Web links

Commons : Waldmünchen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Waldmünchen in the Topographia Bavariae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• Website of the city of Waldmünchen
• Entry on the coat of arms of Waldmünchen  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Waldmünchen: Official statistics of the LfStat
• Aerial views of the city
• Views from web cameras (live) Market square, panorama, from the church tower

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ City of Waldmünchen: Our city. A warm welcome to Waldmünchen. Retrieved April 25, 2020 . 
3. ^ Stadt Waldmünchen in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 3, 2017.
4. ^ City of Waldmünchen: History of the city of Waldmünchen. Retrieved April 25, 2020 . 
5. ↑ German Vogelsang: THEY ARE COMING! The last days of the war in the Upper Palatinate 1945 , Amberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-95587-008-9 , pp. 46–47.
6. ↑ German Vogelsang: THEY ARE COMING! The last days of the war in the Upper Palatinate 1945 , Amberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-95587-008-9 , p. 12.
7. ↑ http://www.mittelbayerische.de/region/cham/gemeinden/waldmuenchen/ein-beinahe-toedliches-versehen-21023-art1226398.html
8. ↑ Central Bavarian: The last battles cost many lives
9. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 588 .
10. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 643 .
11. ↑ City Council Election 2020 , accessed on August 24, 2020
12. ↑ Sister cities
13. ^ Website of the Trenck Festival
14. ↑ Parish Church of St. Stephan, Chronicle> Church tower and bells on the website of the Catholic parish of St. Stephan in Waldmünchen
15. ↑ History about the church or city tower on the website of the city of Waldmünchen
16. ^ Description of the Meilerfest on the city's official website
17. ↑ Iron Curtain Trail - across Europe at the former Iron Curtain. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 20, 2017 ; Retrieved April 19, 2017 . 
18. ^ The emergency money in Waldmünchen
19. ↑ Regional money : Aktiv-Taler
20. ↑ * November 26, 1829 in Riegelstein, Betzenstein community, Bayreuth district; † June 13, 1896 in Waldmünchen, Kgl. Bay. District forester in Schönthal and Waldmünchen, builder of the Teufelsbrücke and the Jägersteig "Antonius-Steig", father of Therese Paris
21. ↑ WÜM: Unique in Germany Mittelbayerische Zeitung from February 19, 2013 - accessed on May 10. 2018