Kladruby u Stříbra
| Kladruby | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Plzeňský kraj | ||||
| District : | Tachov | ||||
| Area : | 4860.0453 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 43 ' N , 12 ° 59' E | ||||
| Height: | 413 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,618 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 349 61 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 7th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Svatava Štěrbová (as of 2007) | ||||
| Address: | náměstí Republiky 89 349 61 Kladruby u Stříbra |
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| Municipality number: | 560928 | ||||
| Website : | www.kladruby.cz | ||||
Kladruby (German Kladrau ) is a town in Okres Tachov in the Czech Republic .
Geographical location
The city is located in western Bohemia , about five kilometers south of the city of Stříbro ( Mies ) on the Úhlavka ( Aulawa ), directly on the motorway 5 / European route 50.
history
The place was first mentioned in connection with the founding of the monastery in Kladrau by Duke Vladislav I in 1115. Kladrau was named as a town as early as 1212, and in 1233 the monastery church was consecrated in the presence of King Wenceslaus I. In 1334 the Benedictines of the monastery leased the Wossy farm to a Kladrau citizen . A parish church in Alt-Kladrau was mentioned for the first time in 1344. In 1441 Abbot Bussek of Vrtba gave the subjects of the manorial rule of the monastery as a result of the attacks of the Hussites under the general Andreas Prokop a letter of freedom, through which the subordinate population received relief in their duties and compulsory services. In 1566 a hospital was mentioned for the first time in a document.
In 1616, Emperor Matthias granted the citizens of Kladrau the right to seal them with red wax , and expanded the city's coat of arms, as it is still used today. In 1618 the citizens and subjects of the manor rebelled against the Roman Catholic monastery authorities. In 1771 the houses were given consecutive house numbers. In 1787, after the abolition of the monastery under Josephinism , an administrator of the religious fund was appointed to manage the large estates. In 1790 the city, located on the old Golden Road from Nuremberg to Pilsen , had its own magistrate until the revolutionary year of 1848 . In 1793, the holding of cattle and weekly markets was permitted. In a major fire in 1843, two thirds of the houses and craft businesses fell victim to the flames. The town church was badly damaged. The city was rebuilt with a new floor plan.
After the establishment of a parish in 1875, the towns of Benischmühle, Brod, Laas, Mühlhöfen, Tinchauermühle and Wrbitz were included in the Kladrau town church. In 1888 the post office was connected to the general telegraph network. Built in 1895 Bürgerschule was created using the existing primary school united under a single management. In 1911 there was an official permit to hold ten Monday markets a year.
After the First World War , Kladrau was added to the newly created Czechoslovakia in 1919 . In 1923 the city received an electrical connection through the West Bohemian Electricity Association.
Due to the Munich Agreement , Kladrau belonged to the district of Mies , administrative district of Eger , in the Reichsgau Sudetenland of the German Reich from 1938 to 1945 . In 1945 the German-speaking inhabitants of Kladruby were expelled . In 1960, after a severe population decline and economic decline, Kladruby lost its town charter . Kladruby has been a city again since April 12, 2007.
Culture and sights
monastery
The Kladruby Monastery , which was founded by Duke Vladislav I in 1115 as a monastery of the Benedictine Order , is of great importance for the development of the city . The monastery church is now a national cultural heritage. The church was built as a Romanesque basilica during the 12th century and received its current appearance in the Baroque Gothic style in the years 1712 to 1726 by the Italian architect Johann Blasius Santini-Aichl .
After the dissolution of the monastery in favor of a religious fund by Josephinism , Prince Alfred I zu Windisch-Graetz bought the monastery and the associated lordship of subordinate villages for 275,500 gold pieces in 1825 , although part of the purchase price was not paid because of his services to the Austro-Hungarian monarchy had to become. He promoted the development of agriculture and the trade relations of the town of Kladrau. In Kladruby, a brewery was built in the former monastery in 1864. In 1918, when the princes Windisch-Grätz lost the family headquarters in Tachov as part of a land reform in Czechoslovakia , Ludwig Aladar von Windisch-Grätz moved to Kladruby and built a library there until the property was expropriated in favor of Czechoslovakia in 1945 and a family archive.
Demographics
Until 1945 Kladrau was predominantly populated by German Bohemia , which were expelled in 1945/46.
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1785 | k. A. | 178 houses including the suburb of Höllmühle |
| 1788 | about 1000 | |
| 1804 | 1000 | in 180 houses |
| 1830 | 1121 | in 178 houses |
| 1837 | 1119 | in 178 houses |
| 1848 | 1434 | |
| 1900 | 1366 | German residents |
| 1910 | 1331 | |
| 1921 | 1385 | including 1322 German residents |
| 1930 | 1238 | |
| 1939 | 1192 |
| year | 1960 | 2006 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 900 | 1500 | 1584 |
Community structure
The city of Kladruby consists of the districts and cadastral districts:
- Brod u Stříbra ( Brod ) with Výrov ( Wierau, 1st part ), 81 inhabitants (1999)
- Kladruby ( Kladrau ), 1108 inhabitants (1999)
- Láz ( Laas ), 57 inhabitants (1999)
- Milevo ( Mühlhöfen ), 62 inhabitants (1999)
- Pozorka ( Gibacht ) with Žďár ( Zdiar )
- Tuněchody ( Tinchau ) with Tuněchodský Mlýn ( Tinchauer Mühle ), 33 inhabitants (1999)
- Vrbice u Stříbra ( Wrbitz b. Kladrau ), 35 inhabitants (1999).
City arms
On a blue background a silver (white) city wall with an open pointed arched gate , in which an upright monk in a brown robe prays with raised hands on a green grassy area . A hat lies on a red cushion in front of him. In the middle of the wall an upright cross with Jesus Christ hanging on the cross , St. John on the left, St. Mary on the right. Above the gate a green heart shield with a gold "M", which stands for Emperor Mathias , and above it a gold crown, which is held by two floating angels. The city colors are blue-white-red.
Personalities
- Anton Ebert (1845–1896), Austrian portrait and landscape painter
- Maria Voderholzer (1927–2015), teacher and writer
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Obec Kladruby: Územně identifikační registr ČR .
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 9: Pilsner Kreis , Prague 1788, pp. 130-131, item 2) .
- ↑ General historical-statistical-geographical action, postal and newspaper lexicon . Volume 3, part I, Erfurt 1806, column 253.
- ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 203, paragraph 12 above.
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 6: Pilsner Kreis , Prague 1838, p. 146, item 1).
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 11, Leipzig and Vienna 1907, p. 86 .
- ^ Genealogy Sudetenland
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to reunification in 1990. Mies district (Czech Stríbro). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Části obcí: Územně identifikační registr ČR .
- ↑ Katastrální území: Územně identifikační registr ČR .