Pfreimd (river)

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Pfreimd
Name of the upper reaches in the Czech Republic: Kateřinský potok
Pfreimd near Böhmischbruck

Pfreimd near Böhmischbruck

Data
Water code DE : 144, CZ : 4-01-02-001
location Bohemian forest

Upper Palatinate Forest

Czech Republic

Bavaria

River system Danube
Drain over Naab  → Danube  → Black Sea
source on Holý vrch southeast of Lesná
49 ° 44 ′ 48 ″  N , 12 ° 33 ′ 20 ″  E
Source height 690  m nm
muzzle at Pfreimd in the Naab coordinates: 49 ° 29 '57 "  N , 12 ° 10' 38"  E 49 ° 29 '57 "  N , 12 ° 10' 38"  E
Mouth height approx.  370  m above sea level NN
Height difference approx. 320 m
Bottom slope approx. 4.2 ‰
length 76.5 km 
with Kateřinský potok / Katerinabach
approx. 53.8 km
name run from the Rehlingbach tributary
Catchment area 595.05 km² in  total
383.98 km² in Bavaria
Discharge at the Trausnitz gauge below the mill
A Eo : 542 km²
Location: 10.6 km above the mouth 		NNQ (June 25, 1964)
MNQ 1956–2006
MQ 1956–2006
Mq 1956–2006
 MHQ 1956–2006
HHQ (January 26, 1995) 		360 l / s
1.49 m³ / s
5.68 m³ / s
10.5 l / (s km²)
 45 m³ / s
87.1 m³ / s
Discharge  at the mouth of the
A Eo : 595.05 km² 		MQ
Mq
 		6 m³ / s
10.1 l / (s km²)
Reservoirs flowed through Pfreimd reservoir Trausnitz

The Pfreimd is an approximately 76 km long river in the Czech Republic and Germany in the Upper Palatinate Forest , which flows into the Naab from the left after an approximately southwest run near the town of Pfreimd in the Schwandorf district . Its upper course, which flows south for 20 km in the Czech Republic, is called Kateřinský potok , on the Bavarian side it then briefly continues to the tributary of the Rehlingbach as Katerinabach , where the 54 km long name run begins.

Surname

The oldest records of the name Pfreimd are Frimida (1022/23), Frima (1024-1031), Phrime (around 1130; with the old spelling <ph> for <pf>) and Phrimede (1156). There is no reliable etymology. The name can be of West Slavic origin and can be translated with the meaning "tributary stream with cloudy water" (cf. the Sorbian words při "bei, an" and mut "cloudy liquid"). With this etymology, however, the origin of the long i > ei remains unclear . This also creates problems for the etymologies that want to derive the name from germ. * Prim "gorse, awl". The Slavist Heinrich Kunstmann compares the name with the island name Premuda , which he derives from the Latin prīmus "first". However, the suffix -da remains unclear here, as does the exact mediation of the Latin name. The linguists Greule and Janka reconstruct the Germanic hydronym * Frīma on the basis of evidence from the 11th century , from which the toponym * Frīmida was derived. This basic form of the river and place name was adopted in Slavonic as * Primьda , the etymon of the Czech Přimda . Today's pronunciation with pf- and the Czech pronunciation with p- clearly speak against the authenticity of the name variants with f-. It is more likely that <f> is a spelling variant of <pf> here.

The river gave the city of Pfreimd its name.

geography

course

The Pfreimd rises one and a half kilometers southeast of Lesná u Tachova . On its 20 km long upper course in the Czech Republic, it bears the name Kateřinský potok (Katharinabach). The brook runs west of Žebráky and flows between Hošťka and Rozvadov . At Rozcestí it is bridged by Dálnice 5 . On the Bohemian side are the Kateřinské Chalupy and the eponymous place Svatá Kateřina ( St. Catherine ). Three kilometers southwest of Diana , the stream flows westwards into Bavarian territory, where it is initially still called Katharinabach and, after the tributary of the Rehlingbach, is named Pfreimd from the right at the Pfrentschweiher state estate.

The Pfreimd initially continues west to its most important tributary, the Zottbach, from the north near the village of Lohma south of the town of Pleystein , which also rises in the Czech Republic. Here she takes a winding southwest course.

It passes the villages of Moosbach , Altentreswitz and Böhmischbruck . In Böhmischbruck the Uchabach flows into the Pfreimd from the left. Then it flows through the Pfreimd reservoir Kainzmühle .

To the north of Trausnitz , the Pfreimd leaves the Neustadt an der Waldnaab district and changes to the Schwandorf district . At Trausnitz it is dammed up to form the Trausnitztalsperre .

At the northern edge of Pfreimd , it flows into the Naab from the left with an average discharge of 6.0 m³ / s (here almost 20 m³ / s).

Catchment area

The catchment area of ​​the Pfreimd river system on the Czech side covers 211 km², of which about 104 km² drain over the Kateřinský potok , which allows it to carry an average of 0.71 m³ / s of water across the Czech-German border. On the Bavarian side, the Pfreimd drains another 384 km².

The northern and eastern watershed in the Czech Republic runs in front of the catchment area of ​​the Mies , the south-eastern and southern in front of the Radbuza , the two are the left and right upper reaches of the Berounka, which drains over the Vltava to the Elbe . In the Czech Republic the catchment area of ​​the Pfreimd borders on the European main watershed between the Danube and Elbe, on the Bavarian side on the catchment area of ​​its own receiving water, Naab.

In the south, Ascha , Murach , Katzbach and smaller tributaries compete one after the other , which drain over the Schwarzach to the Naab, and finally only their smaller tributaries towards the mouth.

On the right watershed in the northwest, smaller tributaries of the upper Naab are followed by the Luhe catchment area , finally behind a small section of the northwestern watershed to the border of the raft , which also flows into the upper Naab via the source river Waldnaab .

Tributaries

From the source to the mouth. Selection. Directional information in each case with reference to the entire course from the origin to the mouth, including the upper courses.

Upper course in the Czech Republic, called Kateřinský potok there.

Short runway in Bavaria, called Katherinabach there.

  • Natschbach , in the Czech Republic Nivní potok , from the left and east immediately after crossing the border, 8.7 km and 59.5 km²
  • Rehlingsbach , in the Czech Republic and as Grenzbach also Raniční potok , from the right and north at the state estate Pfrentschweiher , Markt Eslarn , 22.6 km and 42.5 km²

From this inflow, the water is now called Pfreimd .

  • Raunetbach , from the right and north to 491  m above sea level. NHN after passing the Hörlmühle from Markt Waidhaus , 8.2 km and 23.1 km².
  • Zottbach , in the Czech Republic Celní potok , from the right and north near Lohma , 28.9 km and 98.6 km².
  • Loisbach , from the left and southeast to 481  m above sea level. NHN at the Hechtlmühle of Markt Moosbach , 15.2 km and 45.1 km².
  • Gruber Bach , from the left and southeast between Strehberg and Markt Moosbach itself, 3.8 km and 4.4 km².
  • Fahrnbach , from the right and north-northwest to 475  m above sea level. NHN before Burgtreswitz , 2.3 km and 3.3 km².
  • Tröbesbach , from the left and south-southeast at 475  m above sea level. NHN to Burgtreswitz, 11.6 km and 32.7 km².
  • Michlbach , from the right and north at the Wastlmühle von Vohenstrauß , 5.6 km and 8.4 km².
  • Bärenwinkelbach , from the left and south-southeast at the beginning of Böhmischbruck , approx. 1.4 km and approx. 1.3 km².
  • Uchabach , from the left and south-southeast in Böhmischbruck, 7.2 km and 10.6 km².
  • Goldbach , from the right and north to Vohenstrauß-Goldbachschleife, approx. 3.7 km and 6.0 km².
    Soon afterwards it runs through the Pfreimd reservoir Kainzmühle .
  • Kaltenbaumbach , from the right and northwest to 458  m above sea level. NHN in the Pfreimd reservoir, approx. 1.5 km and approx. 1.1 km².
  • Kainzbach , from the left and southeast between Pfreimdstausee and the Kainzmühle von Markt Tännesberg , 9.2 km and 8.8 km².
  • Schleissbach (!), From the right and north near Kleßberg, Markt Leuchtenberg , approx. 2.1 km and approx. 3.0 km².
  • Eilbach , from the left and east to Tännesberg-Fischerhammer, approx. 2.6 km and approx. 3.4 km².
  • Holzerbach , from the right and northwest across from Tännesberg-Weinrieth, approx. 1.2 km and approx. 1.1 km².
  • Dreiherrenbach , from the right and west near Söllitz , Trausnitz municipality, approx. 1.1 km and approx. 0.9 km².
    Then flows through the Pfreimdstausee Trausnitz .
  • Schleissbach (!), From the left and north in the Pfreimdstausee Trausnitz near Reisach , Trausnitz municipality, approx. 1.6 km and approx. 1.9 km².
  • Lacherbach , from the left and northeast in the Pfreimdstausee Trausnitz, 4.4 km (with the right upper reaches Hennerbach ) and 9.4 km².
  • Gleiritsch , from the left and east on opposite Trausnitz- Kaltenthal , 9.9 km and 28.8 km².
  • Lindenlohbach , from the left and east-southeast, approx. 1.6 km and approx. 0.9 km².
  • Stelzlmühlbach , from the left and east-southeast opposite Pfreimd -Oberpfreimd, 7.7 km and 10.2 km².

Picture gallery

  • The Pfreimd (coming from the left) flows into the Naab

  • Pfreimd reservoir near Kainzmühle

  • Pfreimd reservoir near Trausnitz

  • River Pfreimd near Stein

literature

  • Albrecht Greule , Wolfgang Janka: The water and settlement name Pfreimd . In: Acta Onomastica . Vol. 47, 2006, ISSN  1211-4413 , pp. 206-215.
  • Heinrich Kunstmann : The Upper Palatinate river name Pfreimd, Čech. Přímda . In: The world of the Slaves . Semi-annual publication for Slavic Studies. Vol. 28, NF 7, 1988, ISSN  0043-2520 , pp. 183-190. Reprinted in: Die Oberpfalz , Vol. 77, 1989, ISSN  0342-9873 , pp. 43-46.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pavel Valtr: Český les - jih , územní study
  2. ↑ a b c d Directory of stream and river areas in Bavaria - Naab river area, page 99 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 4.0 MB)
  3. ↑ a b c d Directory of stream and river areas in Bavaria - Naab river area, page 85 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 4.0 MB)
  4. ↑ Directory of creek and river areas in Bavaria - Naab river area, page 86 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 4.0 MB)
  5. ^ Deutsches Gewässerkundliches Jahrbuch Danube Region 2006 Bavarian State Office for the Environment, p. 157, accessed on October 4, 2017, at: bestellen.bayern.de (PDF, German, 24.2 MB).
  6. ↑ Level value Trausnitz below the mill increased by the drainage of the remaining catchment area (6.5 / s.km² to 53.85 km²), determined for the intermediate catchment area of ​​the gauges Unterköblitz (Naab), Trausnitz uM (Pfreimd), Warnbach (Schwarzach), Unterpennading (Fensterbach) ) and Münchshofen (Naab)
  7. ^ Wolf-Armin von Reitzenstein: Lexicon of Bavarian place names. Munich 1986. p. 297
  8. ↑ Wolf-Armin Frhr. v. Reitzenstein : Lexicon of Bavarian place names. Origin and meaning . CH Beck, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-406-55206-4 , p. 211 .
  9. ↑ cf. K. Lanzendörfer: The place names of the former Tachau district. In: Sudeten German Place Name Book. Ed. by E. Gierach and E. Schwarz. Issue 6. Reichenberg 1941.
  10. ^ Heinrich Kunstmann: The Upper Palatinate river name Pfreimd, Čech. Přímda. In: The world of the Slaves. Semi-annual publication for Slavic Studies. Vol. 28, NF 7, 1988, ISSN 0043-2520, pp. 183-190. P. 186
  11. ↑ See Greule / Janka, Der Gewässer- und Siedlungsname Pfreimd , p. 206 f. ( Abstract in the online catalog of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic ).
  12. ^ Pavel Valtr: Český les - jih , územní study

Web links

Commons : Pfreimd (river)  - collection of images, videos and audio files