Pit white

Pit white
	General information about the mine
	White mine near Bensberg (1909)
other names	Ravesack
	Information about the mining company
Start of operation	1852
End of operation	1957
	Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Zinc blende , lead gloss
	Geographical location
Coordinates	50 ° 57 '53.9 " N , 7 ° 11' 26.6" E Coordinates: 50 ° 57 '53.9 " N , 7 ° 11' 26.6" E
	Location pit white
Location	Moitzfeld
local community	Bergisch Gladbach
District ( NUTS3 )	Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Bensberg ore district

p0p2

The white mine is a former non-ferrous metal ore mine in the Bensberg ore district in Bergisch Gladbach . The site is part of the Moitzfeld district .

geology

The mineralized duct crevice of the Weiß pit runs from west to east and dips to the north at an average angle of 70 °. The rock mass in the south on which the duct crevice with the deposit rests, so to speak, is referred to as the lying . The rock above in the north is the hanging wall . The main ores in the Weiß mine were large amounts of zinc blende (zinc sulfide or sphalerite) and significantly less lead luster (lead sulfide or galena) with a silver content of 100 to 400 g per t of lead ore. The zinc blende was of no economic importance until almost the middle of the 19th century because the smelting process in so-called muffle furnaces was not developed until the beginning of the 19th century. ^{P. 7ff.}

history

When it was technically possible to smelt zinc ore into high-quality metal at the beginning of the 19th century, a real zinc rush broke out in the entire Bensberg ore district in the middle of the 19th century. On January 13, 1852, the proposed pit Steiger Hahsbach to Volberg for trades Charles Détillieux presumption for a lead, and Blende- Kupfererzgang "the raven bag in Bensberg " under the name Carl bill. On September 29, 1852 it was determined that the ore deposit was worth building . The award took place with the name "Weihs" on December 29, 1852. In the following years efforts were made to extend the mining and mining rights to the wider area. This was followed by a first consolidation on August 28, 1874 with the Himmelsglück mine, which was awarded on November 21, 1855 "on the Scheid Mountains" near Kleinhohn. From now on the colliery had the name “Consol. White". Further consolidations followed on September 5, 1890 with the Mariensegen and Leopold von Buch pits. The Mariensegen mine was awarded on November 27, 1846 for copper and on November 30, 1853 for lead ore and cover. The Leopold von Buch mine was awarded on September 16, 1853. ^{P. 17ff.}

business

The civil engineering was carried out through several shafts up to the 235 m level, which also served as the main conveyor line. In 1902 teufte you from a new central shaft with modern conveyor baskets, ran across the from now on the entire promotion. This also enabled people to be transported by cable car . The deepest level was 285 m. Among them there was further experimental mining, but this no longer provided any economic information. The exact depth information is missing. Underground mining came to a standstill forever in 1930.

Right from the start, there was a wet mechanical processing plant , through which the ore was washed out according to the principle of gravity. However, larger amounts of residual ore remained in the sewage sludge and washing dumps. To avoid this, a flotation plant was built in the 1920s that went into operation in 1929. By 1957, the material from the former clarification ponds and washing dumps of the Weiß, Blücher , Washington and Berzelius pits had been obtained and used again in flotation. The mine operation was finally closed on December 1, 1957. ^{p. 41ff.}

The dam breach in 1932

On the night of August 15-16, 1932, the dam of the lower processing pond broke. The building yard of the city of Bergisch Gladbach in Obereschbach is located at this point today . At midnight the mud fell through the Eschbach valley . Cows, pigs, chickens and other domestic animals died in the flood of mud. Buildings were also damaged. Valuable arable and meadow land was made unusable for decades. The consequences of the disaster are still visible today. ^{P. 75ff.}

Village of Grube Weiß

The white mine has kept its name as a place name to this day. There are still several houses here, most of which date from the time of the former mining operations.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Gerhard Geurts , Herbert Ommer , Herbert Stahl : Das Erbe des Erzes. Volume 1: The White Pit. 2003, p. 7 ff.
^ Andree Schulte: Bergisch Gladbach City History in Street Names , published by the Bergisch Gladbach City Archives, Volume 3, and by the Bergisch Geschichtsverein department Rhein-Berg e. V., Volume 11, Bergisch Gladbach 1995, ISBN 3-9804448-0-5 , p. 354 ff.

literature

Emil Buff: Description of the Deutz mountain district. Bonn 1882, unchanged reprint of the original edition, publication no. 1 of the Friends of the Bergisches Museum für Bergbau, Handwerk und Gewerbe e. V., Bergisch Gladbach 1982, ZDB -ID 2295238-X .
Kurt Kluxen : History of Bensberg , Paderborn 1976
Gerhard Geurts, Herbert Ommer, Herbert Stahl: The legacy of ore. Volume 1: The White Pit. Friends of the Bergisches Museum for Mining, Crafts and Trades, Bergisch Gladbach 2003, ISBN 3-00-011243-X .
Gerhard Geurts, Herbert Ommer, Herbert Stahl: The legacy of ore. Volume 2: The pits in the Gangerz deposits in the Bensberg ore district. Friends of the Bergisches Museum for Mining, Crafts and Trades, Bergisch Gladbach 2004, ISBN 3-00-014668-7 .
Device from Klass : Stolberger Zink. The story of a metal. = Rapport sur les Usines St. Henry. Archive for Economics, Darmstadt 1957.
Herbert Stahl: Moitzfeld. Through life, through the year "om Platz" , Bergischer Geschichtsverein Rhein-Berg e. V., Volume 56, Bergisch Gladbach 2009, ISBN 3-932326-56-3 .
Herbert Stahl (editor) and others: The legacy of ore, Volume 5, New news and stories about the ore district of Bensberg. Publisher: Förderverein des Bergisches Museum für Bergbau, Handwerk und Gewerbe e. V., Bergisch Gladbach 2014, ISBN 978-3-00-044826-3

Web links

Nature reserve “Grube Weiß” (GL-059) in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
Natura 2000 area “FFH area Tongrube Weiß” in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
5009-301 Clay pit white. (FFH area) Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation .
Kulturpfad Grube Weiß

[Stahl-1] Gerhard Geurts , Herbert Ommer , Herbert Stahl : Das Erbe des Erzes. Volume 1: The White Pit. 2003, p. 7 ff.

[2] Andree Schulte: Bergisch Gladbach City History in Street Names , published by the Bergisch Gladbach City Archives, Volume 3, and by the Bergisch Geschichtsverein department Rhein-Berg e. V., Volume 11, Bergisch Gladbach 1995, ISBN 3-9804448-0-5 , p. 354 ff.