Guangzhou Metro
The Guangzhou Metro ( Chinese 廣州 地鐵 / 广州 地铁 , Pinyin Guǎngzhōu dìtiě , Jyutping Gwong 2 zau 1 dei 6 tit 3 ) is the subway of Guangzhou , the capital of the Chinese province of Guangdong . It carries 4.392 million passengers a day (as of May 2011) on a route length of 236 kilometers. Line 3 has the longest traffic tunnel in the world with its 60.40 km long main section (as of May 2020). With 1.19 billion passengers per year (as of the end of 2010), it ranks 10th on the list of the world's most heavily used underground systems.
history
The planning history of the Guangzhou Metro goes back to 1960, when the then governor of Guangdong, Chén Yù (陈 郁), suggested that the then rapidly growing city be developed using a subway with two lines. Contrary to original fears (the city is located in the Pearl River Delta), the underground proved to be sufficiently stable in secret test drillings. In 1965, the construction of an eight kilometer long tunnel began, which should also have served as an air raid shelter in view of the Vietnam War that had just begun . But the realization got stuck in the shell construction phase and was not pursued further until 1984.
The first section of line 1 was put into operation on June 28, 1997. After Peking / Beijing , Shanghai and Tientsin , it is the fourth subway system on the Chinese mainland.
Line 1 was completed on June 28, 1999. Since then, it has connected the southwest of the city with the city center and the Ostbahnhof (广州 東 站). Line 2 followed on December 29, 2002 and crosses the city in a north-south direction. As the second north-south line, which also connects Guangzhou Airport in the north of the city, Line 3 went into operation on December 26, 2005. On 8 November 2010, the ATM line, fully automatic building went gondola in operation to the new business district Zhujiang (珠江新城) to connect. On December 3, 2010, the suburb of Fóshān (佛山) was connected to the Guangfo line. Guǎngfó (广佛) is a suitcase word from Guang zhou and Fo shan .
Line network
The metro in Guangzhou comprised (2011) eight lines with a total of 144 stations. With the opening of three lines in December 2017 and the simultaneous extension of an existing line, the route network grew by 83.8 km to 390.6 km.
One of the lines is provided as a cable car ; (Automated People Mover APM) executed. With the exception of this APM line, all lines are integrated in a network system. A transition between the different lines is possible.
There are direct crossings from the APM line to line 3 at the end stations; however, a new ticket is required for this.
Current network of routes
| line | route | opening | Length in km | Stations | Power system | Specialty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Guangzhou East Railway Station - Xilang | 1997 | 18.5 | 16 | 1.5 kV DC, overhead line | |
| 2 | Jiahewanggang - Guangzhou South Railway Station | 2002 | 31.4 | 24 | 1.5 kV DC, overhead line | |
| 3 | Tianhe Coach Terminal / Airport Station - Tiyu Xilu - Panyu Station | 2005 | 67.3 | 16/14 | 1.5 kV DC, overhead line | |
| 4th | Huangcun - Jinzhou | 2005 | 43.7 | 18th | 1.5 kV DC, power rail | Linear motors |
| 5 | Jiaokou - Wenchong | 2009 | 31.9 | 24 | 1.5 kV DC, power rail | Linear motors |
| 6th | Xunfenggang - Changban | 2013 | 27 | 22nd | Busbar | |
| 8th | Fenchuang Xincun - Wanshengwei | 2003 | 14.8 | 13 | 1.5 kV DC, overhead line | |
| Guangfo | Xiliang - Kuiqi Lu | 2010 | 21st | 14th | 1.5 kV DC, overhead line | |
| APM | Haishinsha - Linhexi | 2010 | 3.9 | 14th | 600 V DC, power rail |
Rates
The tariff depends on the route and ranges from 2 ¥ for short journeys (travel via one or two stations) to 14 ¥. Trips to the airport cost an additional ¥ 5.
There are basically two types of tickets :
- Single tickets ( RFID chips)
- Rechargeable RFID smart cards ( Yáng Chéng Tōng ; 羊城通). The latter have also been valid in other cities in the Pearl River Delta since 2010 and can also be used as a cash card in selected shops.
Web links
- Official operator website (Chinese, English)
- Guangzhou Metro at Urbanrail
Individual evidence
- ↑ 广州 5 月 地铁 客流 创新 高 达 13620 万 人次 (Chinese). Message from the China News Service of 16 June 2011
- ↑ 广州 市 轨道 交通线 网 2011 - 2015 年 建设 方案 公示 ( Memento of July 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Article on the website of the Guǎngzhōu City Planning Office from March 3, 2010 (Chinese), accessed on April 2 2019
- ↑ Martin Randelhoff: [compact traffic knowledge ] The longest railway tunnel in the world. In: Zukunft-mobilitaet.net. Martin Randelhoff, August 12, 2013, accessed August 25, 2019 .
- ↑ 运营 总部 总结 “保 开通 、 保 亚运” 工作 经验 表彰 先进 ( Memento from July 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Press release of the operating company from January 13, 2011 (Chinese), accessed on April 2, 2019
- ↑ a b Yu Dingyu, Nanfengchuang Magazine . 与 龙 共舞 ： 广州 地铁 深度 报道 / Dancing with the Dragon: An In-Depth Report of Guangzhou Metro (Chinese); Huacheng Press, 2006, ISBN 7-5360-4829-7 . gzmtr.com ( Memento of July 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on April 2, 2019.
- ↑ [1] metro-report.com of December 29, 2017: Four lines open as Guangzhou metro expands (English), accessed on December 29, 2017
- ↑ 广州 地铁 四号 线 大学 城 专线 下月 26 日 试 运行 ( Memento from July 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Message from Xinhua from November 28, 2005 (Chinese), accessed on April 2, 2019
- ^ Lingnan Tong Transport Cards Valid Across the PRD . In: Guangzhou International, November 8, 2010, accessed July 27, 2011.