Tianjin Subway
| Basic data | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
|---|---|
| city | Tianjin |
| opening | December 28, 1984 |
| Lines | 5 |
| Route length | 139.1 km |
| Stations | 95 |
| Long-distance train stations | 1 |
| use | |
| Shortest cycle | 4 minutes |
| Passengers | 64.3 million per year (2010) |
| operator |
Tianjin Metro Group Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Corporation |
The Tianjin Subway ( Chinese 天津 地铁 , Pinyin Dìtiě ) is the subway network of the city of Tianjin , which is the second Chinese city with a subway after Beijing with the first line opened in 1976 . In 2013, five lines were in operation, which together are 139.1 kilometers long and serve 95 stations. The operation is jointly owned by the two companies Tianjin Metro Group Co. Ltd and Binhai Mass Transit Development Co. Ltd. performed. Tianjin Metro operates primarily in the downtown area, while Binhai Mass Transit operates the lines that serve the new Binhai District and the TEDA Special Economic Zone . The system was used by 64.3 million passengers in 2010.
history
Construction of the first line
Tianjin is an important trading city due to its inland port at the confluence of the Hai He and the Imperial Canal . In the middle of the 20th century, road traffic and the associated air pollution increased sharply. Those responsible in the city therefore decided to discontinue the operation of the outdated tram network and to replace it with an underground network. Due to a lack of financial resources, construction could not begin until 1970.
In order to reduce construction costs, the bed of a no longer used canal was used as a route, so that the underground is only about two to three meters below the road surface. There were only about a thousand trained construction workers on the site; the rest of the workers were volunteers from factories, schools and other institutions in the city. At times, more than two thousand volunteers were active on the construction site. The first, 3.6 km long section of today's Line 1 was completed in 1976 and comprised the four stations Xiaobailou , Yingkou Dao , Anshan Dao and Haiguangsi . Further construction work was delayed due to the Tangshan earthquake ; it was only resumed in 1979, so that in 1980 the second 1.6 km section with the Erwei Lu and Xinanjiou stations could be put into operation. Another 7.4 km extension with eight stations followed on December 28, 1984. Only then was the entire subway open to passengers , with the western branch of today's line 1 being completed. The line was operated with trains from Nippon Sharyo .
renovation
In the late 1990s, the metro was outdated and run down. The comfort of stations and vehicles no longer corresponded to the standard of a modern local transport system in East Asia, the trains rarely ran and were often delayed. In 2000, a comprehensive renovation, modernization and expansion program was therefore drawn up for the underground line.
Operations ceased on September 1, 2001 for renovations that began on November 21. The stations were provided with half-height platform screen doors, the route in the east was extended by eight stations to Shuanglin and on December 6, 2006, new trains were put back into operation as Line 1 . The first test drives took place on June 12 of the same year.
Construction of further routes
Construction of line 9 began on May 18, 2001, even before operations on the first subway line were stopped for renovation . The first section from Zhongshan Men to Donghai Road , the terminus in the east, was opened to traffic on March 28, 2004. Initially only four intermediate stations were served, the remaining eight stations were gradually put into operation by March 1, 2006, and on March 28, 2006 the line was switched to fully automatic operation. On May 1, 2011, the line was extended by three stops to the west in the direction of the city center to Shiyijing Road , and on October 15, 2012 by two more stops to Tianjin station. The operator of the line, which is more than fifty kilometers long, is the Binhai Mass Transit Corporation , a joint venture of several companies that are involved in the development of the new city districts and industrial areas in eastern Tianjin, as well as the local port authority.
In 2009, the Tianjin authorities published plans to build the routes for eight subway lines and some tram lines. The underground lines 5 and 6 are under construction and should open in 2015 [obsolete] . The timing of the opening of the other routes has not yet been announced.
The line 2 was after lengthy delays in the construction on 1 July 2012 in two separate sections are put into operation, because during construction at the station Jiguo Dao penetrated into the tunnel water from the Hai River, so that it collapsed and a Tunnel boring machine spilled. The affected section could not be put into operation for the time being. Since the recovery of the tunnel boring machine would have been too expensive, it was decided to abandon it and build a new tunnel around the machine.
On November 18, 2012, the Jieyuan Xidao station was opened on the existing route. On August 28, 2013, the gap between the two sections of the line was closed and a year later, the extension of the line to Binhai Airport was put into operation.
The line 3 was on 15 October 2012. On December 28, 2013 the line was extended to the Südbahnhof.
network
|
|
|
|
extension |
in km |
stations |
|
|
|
Shuanglin | Liuyuan | December 28, 1984 | December 6, 2006 | 26,188 | 22nd | metro |
|
Caozhuang | Binhaiguojijichang (Binhai Airport) | July 1, 2012 | August 28, 2014 | 27.157 | 20th | metro |
|
Gaoxinqu | Nanzhan (South Railway Station) | October 1, 2012 | December 28, 2013 | 34 | 23 | metro |
|
Tianjin Railway Station | Donghai Road | March 28, 2004 | October 15, 2012 | 52.759 | 19th | Binhai |
|
TEDA | North of College District | May 10, 2007 | - | 7,860 | 14th | Binhai |
Today's system
Line 1
Line 1 is built on the route of the first underground line, which opened in 1984, and is only a few meters below the road surface. It was opened on March 28, 2006, is 26.2 km long and serves 22 stations. The line is operated by China CNR Corporation with 114 air-conditioned cars built in Changchun .
Line 2
Line 2 was opened for trial operation on July 1, 2012. Due to an incident at Jianguo Dao Station during the construction of the line, it was operated in two separate phases until August 28, 2013. The western section was between the Caozhuang and Dongnanjiao stations , the eastern section between Tianjinzhan and Konggangjingjiqu . On August 28, 2014 the line was extended by 4 km to the airport (Terminal 2). It is 27.5 km long and serves 20 stations.
Line 3
The line, which runs from southeast to northwest, was opened on October 1, 2012. It is 29.7 km long and serves 23 stations. The line is operated with six-car series B trains from CSR Sifang .
Line 9
Line 9 is an east-west line that runs along the northern bank of the Hai River and connects the new parts of the city to the city center in the east. The first section of the 52.8 km long line was opened on March 28, 2004, the last on October 15, 2012. It serves 19 stations and connects the Translohr line 1 to the subway network in TEDA , the one from the same Company is operated.
Lines under construction
Line 5
The route of line 5 should run from North Warehouse east of the city center to Large Si Zhen .
The 35.5 km long line is under construction and will serve 24 stations. It was originally supposed to be completed in 2012; the opening was postponed to 2013 [out of date] . It will be connected to the future tram line B7 at the northern terminus and to the future underground line 6 at the southern terminus.
Line 6
Subway Line 6 is scheduled to run between Dabizhuang and Liqizhuang . The route forms a loop around the city center, open to the east. Together with line 5, it forms a closed ring around the city center.
Planned lines
All station names and routes are provisional, construction of the routes will only begin after routes 2, 3, 5 and 6 have been completed.
Line 4
The 35.7 km long line is due to open in 2020 at the earliest and will serve 28 stations and is to be supplemented by the B3 tram line. It will connect residential areas in Hebei to the city. The end of the line in Tianjin is said to be Zhangguizhuang . It will also serve Tianjin Railway Station, West Railway Station and the airport.
Line 7
The opening of this 25.5 km long line, which will run east of the city center, was planned for 2016. It will operate like line 6 between Dabizhuang and Liqizhuang , but uses a different route, with part of the route at street level. The route runs along Helan Road, Salix Road and East River Road and serves the southeastern suburbs of Tianjin.
Line 8
The opening of this line was planned for 2016. It will also be partially at street level. The line starts in Xiaodian , the terminus of Line 3, and goes through Guojiuchang (intersection with Line 1) and Jieyuanxidao (intersection with Line 2). It connects the city center with the main suburbs and industrial zones in the northwest.
Long-term planning
In the long-term planning, the underground lines 10 to 13 and the tram lines B2 to B9 are taken into account.
Tickets
| Fare | |
|---|---|
| up to 4 stations | 2 ¥ |
| 5 to 10 stations | 3 ¥ |
| 11 to 16 stations | 4 ¥ |
| over 16 stations | 5 ¥ |
The Tianjin subway uses magnetic stripe tickets as well as the contactless "City Card", which is also recognized on other public transport, as travel authorization.
Single tickets can be obtained from ticket machines and are only valid on the day of issue. Prepaid cards allow the system to be used until the credit on the card is used up. The fare is deducted from the credit of the card when you leave the subway system. Prepaid cards that are not used for a year lose their validity, but can be reactivated at the sales outlets. Discounted tickets are available for students and senior citizens.
The fare depends on the distance traveled and is between 2 and 5 yuan . The passengers must have left the network two hours after entering the subway, otherwise an overtime surcharge is due, which corresponds to the fee for the most expensive single journey.
See also
Web links
- Tianjin Metro General Co. - Operator's site, Chinese
- Binhai Mass Transit Development Co. - Operator's site, Chinese
- Robert Schwandl: Tianjin. Urbanrail.net , 2004, accessed June 20, 2013 .
- Tianjin Metro. enorth.com, accessed June 20, 2013 (Chinese).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Metro refers to Tianjin Metro General Corporation , Binhai refers to Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Corporation .
- ↑ Tianjin metro Line 3 opens. Railway Gazette, October 3, 2012, accessed June 20, 2013 .