Gumpendorf

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Gumpendorf
coat of arms map
Coat of arms of Gumpendorf

Gumpendorf developed from a village on the Vienna River to a densely populated suburb of Vienna , which had been under the manorial rule of the City of Vienna since 1798. In 1850 it was incorporated with other suburbs and incorporated into today's 6th district of Vienna , Mariahilf .

location

Gumpendorf occupies the western part of the Mariahilf district. According to the Vasquez Plan around 1830, it is bounded roughly as follows:

  • in the north through Mariahilfer Straße (border to the 7th district)
  • in the east through the northern half of Esterházygasse , the subsequent section of Gumpendorfer Straße inwards to the Apollokino , Kaunitzgasse out of town to Magdalenenstraße and the Proschkogasse leading from this to the Wien River
  • in the south through the Wien River (border with the 5th district)
  • in the west through Mariahilfer and Gumpendorfer Gürtel (border to the 15th district)

Origin of name

Gumpendorf was first mentioned in a document in 1130. The name may have originated from the term Gumpe (pond), as the Vienna River, which was still unregulated at the time, often flooded , leaving behind ponds and dead tributaries.

history

Gumpendorf around 1830
Aegidius Church in Gumpendorf

The Gumpendorf settlement was built around the year 1000 along a former Roman road , the course of which partly corresponds to today's Gumpendorfer Strasse . The road crossed the Wien River in the area of ​​today's Neville Bridge (Brückengasse), at this point there was a Roman watchtower. Gumpendorf is thus one of the oldest Vienna suburbs (localities within the line wall , which corresponds to today's belt ).

Due to the floods caused by the Wien River, the southern parts of Gumpendorf were an alluvial landscape that the Babenbergers used as a hunting area in the 12th century. In 1293 Gumpendorf was bought by Ulrich II von Kapellen , who had the Roman watchtower converted into a church by adding a house and raising the tower.

In the 15th century, the town grew due to increased influx, but was completely destroyed during the first Turkish siege in 1529. Sigmund Muschinger acquired Gumpendorf in 1540 and had Gumpendorf Castle , which dates back to the 12th century and was destroyed during the first Turkish siege, rebuilt. Until the death of his great-grandson Vinzenz Muschinger in 1628, Gumpendorf remained in the possession of this family (on whose coat of arms today's Gumpendorfer coat of arms can be traced back) and then passed to the Mollard family and then to a number of changing landlords until it was bought by the municipality of Vienna in 1798. During the second Turkish siege in 1683, the village was destroyed again, and the surrounding vineyards were also devastated. It was only with the construction of the line wall in 1704 that Gumpendorf was supposed to offer better protection against such attacks. In the 18th century, the Viennese aristocrats discovered Gumpendorf as a place for their summer retreat and had numerous country estates and gardens laid out.

The Gumpendorfer parish church of St. Aegidius (colloquially the Aegidius Church ), which was mentioned in a document as early as the 13th century, was almost entirely rebuilt from 1765. On June 1, 1809, Joseph Haydn , who had died the day before in his house on the windmill, was consecrated here. On May 1, 1820, the church was consecrated by Archbishop Siegmund Graf Hohenwart . The interior was designed by the Biedermeier sculptor Josef Klieber , who created the high altar and various sculptures. The Aegidigasse refers since 1852 to the church.

In the 19th century, in the course of increasing industrialization, numerous companies were established in Gumpendorf. The population increased accordingly, in 1827 there were almost 30,000 inhabitants. In 1850 Gumpendorf was incorporated into Vienna as the 5th district, Mariahilf, together with the suburbs of Mariahilf , Windmühle , Magdalenengrund and Laimgrube . In 1861 Mariahilf became the 6th district due to the division of the Wieden into the new 4th and new 5th district, one year later it lost the parts north of Mariahilfer Strasse to the 7th district, new building .

From 1894 the line wall was removed and the belt road , which was largely built in the 1970s, was expanded. The belt line of the light rail with the elevated station Gumpendorfer Straße (today U6 ) was opened in 1898. The Gumpendorfer Gürtel was not officially named that way until 1965; Until then, the (now much smaller) Franz-Schwarz-Park, which reached from the tram viaduct to Wallgasse, and Gumpendorf Castle, demolished in 1962, at that time Mollardgasse 92, bought by Friedrich von Amerling in 1858 and since then colloquially known as Amerlingschlößl , had the current run not allowed on the street.

The Margaretengürtelbrücke, which enables through traffic from the Margaretengürtel in the north direction to the Gumpendorfer Gürtel, was only opened in 1967.

Buildings and Institutions

Amerlingschlößl in 1895 (demolished in 1962)
Evangelical Gustav-Adolf-Church, built by Ludwig Förster and Theophil von Hansen in 1849/50

Historical

Existing

Personalities

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Helmut Heinisch: The history of the parish Gumpendorf. In: utawebhost.at. Parish Gumpendorf-St.Ägyd, accessed on July 20, 2020 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 11 '  N , 16 ° 21'  E