Gusewo (Kaliningrad, Pravdinsk)

settlement Gussewo / Groß Gnie Гусево Federal district Northwest Russia Oblast Kaliningrad Rajon Pravdinsk First mention 1567 Earlier names Gnye (until 1627), Groß Gnie (1627–1947) population 249 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Time zone UTC + 2 License Plate 39, 91 OKATO 27 233 813 003 Geographical location Coordinates 54 ° 27 '  N , 21 ° 27'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 27 '0 "  N , 21 ° 27' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Kaliningrad Oblast

Gussewo ( Russian Гусево , German Groß Gnie , Lithuanian Gusevas) is a place in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad ( Koenigsberg area (Prussia) ) and belongs to the Mosyrskoje selskoje posselenije (rural community Mosyr (Klein Gnie) ) in Pravdinsk district ( Friedland district (Ostpr. ) ).

Geographical location

Gussewo lies on the Aschwöne (Swine, Russian: Putilowka ), three kilometers northwest of Mosyr (Klein Gnie) . The distance to the former district town of Gerdauen (Russian: Schelesnodoroschny) is 16 kilometers, to today's Rajon capital Prawdinsk (Friedland (East Pr.)) It is 37 kilometers.

traffic

The Russian trunk road R 508 runs through Gussewo in the section Korolenkowo ( Oschkin , 1938–1945 Oschern ) - Znamensk (Wehlau) , and a side road joins the village, which connects Schelesnodoroschny (Gerdauen) .

The place is connected to the public bus network, which connects Groß Gnie over the bus route 536к Kaliningrad - Mosyr (Königsberg - Klein Gnie) in both directions up to three times a day with the capital of the oblast.

A rail connection has ceased to exist since passenger traffic on the Russian section of the Toruń – Chernyakhovsk (Thorn – Insterburg) railway to the Mosyr-Nowy (formerly Klein Gnie station) two kilometers away was discontinued in 2009.

history

preserved farm buildings of the former manor Groß Gnie

The place once called Gnye emerged in the course of the 16th century in a forest area of ​​the same name. Gnye was mentioned in a document for the first time in 1567. By division, the goods Groß Gnie and Klein Gnie (1938–1945 Kleingnie , Russian: Mosyr) were created, whereby Groß Gnie was a preliminary work to Klein Gnie until the 19th century .

Groß Gnie was one of the most beautiful estates in East Prussia. From 1874 the former Vorwerk was part of the newly established district of Klein Gnie (1932–1945 district of Gnie ) in the district of Gerdauen in the administrative district of Königsberg in the Prussian province of East Prussia and belonged to this until 1945.

Only after the death of the landowner Heinrich Gutzeit in 1887, Groß Gnie became an independent manor - with an area of ​​1140 hectares.

In 1897 the rural community Friedrichsfelde (Russian: Pechorskoje) was incorporated into the Groß Gnie manor district, which was converted at the same time . In the same year, under the owner Walter Gutzeit (1860–1910), a representative mansion was built in place of the previous administrator's house.

In 1910 Groß Gnie had 431 inhabitants. Horst Gutszeit (1889–1966) took over the farm in 1921 as the last landowner .

On September 30, 1928, the manor district Groß Gnie merged with the rural communities Lönkendorf (Russian: Prudki) and Annawalde (Smolnoje) to form the new rural community Groß Gnie. The number of inhabitants rose to 579 by 1933 and was still 571 in 1939, after parts of the municipality of Kiehlendorf (Tichoje) had been incorporated in 1938.

On January 21, 1945, the residents of Groß Gnie received the order to flee and the population set out on a trek heading west. In 1945 the place came to the Soviet Union like all of northern East Prussia . In 1947, Groß Gnie was given the new name " Gussewo ". The former manor house served as a discotheque until 1969 and was then torn down. Only a few farm buildings and stables are still reminiscent of the former farm.

Up until 2009, Gussewo was incorporated into the Mosyrsky soviet (Dorfsovjet Mosyr ( Klein Gnie )) within the Kaliningrad Oblast, which has been in Russia since 1991/92 , and has since been - due to a structural and administrative reform - a “settlement” (possjolok) within the Mosyrskoje selskoje posslenije (rural municipality Mosyr).

Attractions

A large number of buildings from the pre-war period can still be found, some with stables.

church

The majority Protestant population before 1945 Groß Gnies and the associated villages Annawalde, Dorf (Russian: Smolnoje), Annawalde, Gut (Frolowo), Bolzhinshof, Friedrichsfelde (Pechorskoje), Lönkendorf (Prudki), Mühlenkrug and Neusorge were in the parish of Klein Gnie ( Russian: Mosyr) parish. It belonged to the Gerdauen church district (Russian: Schelesnodoroschny) within the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The last German clergyman was Pastor Ernst Lappoehn .

Today Mosyr lies in the area of ​​the church region of Chernyachovsk (Insterburg) , which is incorporated into the newly created provost of Kaliningrad within the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELKER).

Personalities of the place

• Tamara Lasakowitsch (1954–1992), artistic gymnast

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Timetable on avtovokzal39.ru
3. ↑ Mosyr-Klein Gnie and Gussew-Groß Gnie
4. ^ Rolf Jehke, Klein Gnie / Gnie district
5. ↑ Uli Schubert, municipality directory
6. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Gerdauen (Russian Schelesnodoroschnyj). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
7. ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places of the Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
8. ↑ According to the Law on the Composition and Territories of Municipal Forms of the Kaliningrad Oblast of June 25th / 1. July 2009, along with Law No. 476 of December 21, 2004, specified by Law No. 370 of July 1, 2009
9. ^ The parish of Klein Gnie
10. ↑ Ev.-luth. Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  

literature

• Wulf D. Wagner, Culture in Rural East Prussia. History, goods and people in the Gerdauen district , 2008